Materials

Materials: Engineering, Science, Processing and Design—winner of a 2014 Textbook Excellence Award (Texty) from The Text and Academic Authors Association—is the ultimate materials engineering text and resource for students developing skills and understanding of materials properties and selection for engineering applications. Written by world-class authors, it takes a unique design led-approach that is broader in scope than other texts, thereby meeting the curriculum needs of a wide variety of courses in the materials and design field, from introduction to materials science and engineering to engineering materials, materials selection and processing, and materials in design.

This new edition retains its design-led focus and strong emphasis on visual communication while expanding its treatment of crystallography and phase diagrams and transformations to fully meet the needs of instructors teaching a first-year course in materials. The book is fully linked with the leading materials software package used in over 600 academic institutions worldwide as well as numerous government and commercial engineering departments.

Preface to 3rd edition
- Science-led or design-led? Two approaches to materials teaching
- What is different about this book?
- What’s new in the 3rd edition
- This book and the CES EduPack Materials and Process Information software
Acknowledgements
- Reviewers
- Advisors
Resources that accompany this book
- Resources available to adopting instructors who register on the Elsevier textbook website, http://textbooks.elsevier.com:
Chapter 1. Introduction: materials-history and character
- Abstract
- 1.1 Materials, processes and choice
- 1.2 Material properties
- 1.3 Design-limiting properties
- 1.4 Summary and conclusions
- 1.5 Further reading
- 1.6 Exercises
Chapter 2. Family trees: organising materials and processes
- Abstract
- 2.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 2.2 Getting materials organised: the materials tree
- 2.3 Organising processes: the process tree
- 2.4 Process-property interaction
- 2.5 Material property charts
- 2.6 Computer-aided information management for materials and processes
- 2.7 Summary and conclusions
- 2.8 Further reading
- 2.9 Exercises
- 2.10 Exploring design using CES
- 2.11 Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 3. Strategic thinking: matching material to design
- Abstract
- 3.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 3.2 The design process
- 3.3 Material and process information for design
- 3.4 The strategy: translation, screening, ranking and documentation
- 3.5 Examples of translation
- 3.6 Summary and conclusions
- 3.7 Further reading
- 3.8 Exercises
- 3.9 Exploring design using CES
Chapter 4. Stiffness and weight: density and elastic moduli
- Abstract
- 4.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 4.2 Density, stress, strain and moduli
- 4.3 The big picture: material property charts
- 4.4 The science: what determines stiffness and density?
- 4.5 Manipulating the modulus and density
- 4.6 Acoustic properties
- 4.7 Summary and conclusions
- 4.8 Further reading
- 4.9 Exercises
- 4.10 Exploring design with CES
- 4.11 Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 5. Flex, sag and wobble: stiffness-limited design
- Abstract
- 5.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 5.2 Standard solutions to elastic problems
- 5.3 Material indices for elastic design
- 5.4 Plotting limits and indices on charts
- 5.5 Case studies
- 5.6 Summary and conclusions
- 5.7 Further reading
- 5.8 Exercises
- 5.9 Exploring design with CES
- 5.10 Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 6. Beyond elasticity: plasticity, yielding and ductility
- Abstract
- 6.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 6.2 Strength, plastic work and ductility: definition and measurement
- 6.3 The big picture: charts for yield strength
- 6.4 Drilling down: the origins of strength and ductility
- 6.5 Manipulating strength
- 6.6 Summary and conclusions
- 6.7 Further reading
- 6.8 Exercises
- 6.9 Exploring design with CES
- 6.10 Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 7. Bend and crush: strength-limited design
- Abstract
- 7.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 7.2 Standard solutions to plastic problems
- 7.3 Material indices for yield-limited design
- 7.4 Case studies
- 7.5 Summary and conclusions
- 7.6 Further reading
- 7.7 Exercises
- 7.8 Exploring design with CES
Chapter 8. Fracture and fracture toughness
- Abstract
- 8.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 8.2 Strength and toughness
- 8.3 The mechanics of fracture
- 8.4 Material property charts for toughness
- 8.5 Drilling down: the origins of toughness
- 8.6 Compressive and tensile failure of ceramics
- 8.7 Manipulating properties: the strength–toughness trade-off
- 8.8 Summary and conclusions
- 8.9 Further reading
- 8.10 Exercises
- 8.11 Exploring design with CES
- 8.12 Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 9. Shake, rattle and roll: cyclic loading, damage and failure
- Abstract
- 9.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 9.2 Vibration and resonance: the damping coefficient
- 9.3 Fatigue
- 9.4 Charts for endurance limit
- 9.5 Drilling down: the origins of damping and fatigue
- 9.6 Manipulating resistance to fatigue
- 9.7 Summary and conclusions
- 9.8 Further reading
- 9.9 Exercises
- 9.10 Exploring design with CES
Chapter 10. Keeping it all together: fracture-limited design
- Abstract
- 10.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 10.2 Standard solutions to fracture problems
- 10.3 Material indices for fracture-safe design
- 10.4 Case studies
- 10.5 Summary and conclusions
- 10.6 Further reading
- 10.7 Exercises
- 10.8 Exploring design with CES
Chapter 11. Rub, slither and seize: friction and wear
- Abstract
- 11.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 11.2 Tribological properties
- 11.3 Charting friction and wear
- 11.4 The physics of friction and wear
- 11.5 Friction in design and metal processing
- 11.6 Summary and conclusions
- 11.7 Further reading
- 11.8 Exercises
- 11.9 Exploring design with CES
Chapter 12. Agitated atoms: materials and heat
- Abstract
- 12.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 12.2 Thermal properties: definition and measurement
- 12.3 The big picture: thermal property charts
- 12.4 Drilling down: the physics of thermal properties
- 12.5 Manipulating thermal properties
- 12.6 Design and manufacture: using thermal properties
- 12.7 Summary and conclusions
- 12.8 Further reading
- 12.9 Exercises
- 12.10 Exploring design with CES
- 12.11 Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 13. Running hot: using materials at high temperatures
- Abstract
- 13.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 13.2 The temperature dependence of material properties
- 13.3 Charts for creep behaviour
- 13.4 The science: diffusion
- 13.5 The science: creep
- 13.6 Materials to resist creep
- 13.7 Design to cope with creep
- 13.8 Summary and conclusions
- 13.9 Further reading
- 13.10 Exercises
- 13.11 Exploring design with CES
- 13.12 Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 14. Conductors, insulators and dielectrics
- Abstract
- 14.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 14.2 Conductors, insulators and dielectrics
- 14.3 Charts for electrical properties
- 14.4 Drilling down: the origins and manipulation of electrical properties
- 14.5 Design: using the electrical properties of materials
- 14.6 Summary and conclusions
- 14.7 Further reading
- 14.8 Exercises
- 14.9 Exploring design with CES
- 14.10 Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 15. Magnetic materials
- Abstract
- 15.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 15.2 Magnetic properties: definition and measurement
- 15.3 The big picture: charts for magnetic properties
- 15.4 Drilling down: the physics and manipulation of magnetic properties
- 15.5 Materials selection for magnetic design
- 15.6 Summary and conclusions
- 15.7 Further reading
- 15.8 Exercises
- 15.9 Exploring design with CES
- 15.10 Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 16. Materials for optical devices
- Abstract
- 16.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 16.2 The interaction of materials and radiation
- 16.3 Charts for optical properties
- 16.4 Drilling down: the physics and manipulation of optical properties
- 16.5 Optical design
- 16.6 Summary and conclusions
- 16.7 Further reading
- 16.8 Exercises
- 16.9 Exploring design using CES
- 16.10 Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 17. Durability: oxidation, corrosion, degradation
- Abstract
- 17.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 17.2 Oxidation, flammability and photo-degradation
- 17.3 Oxidation mechanisms
- 17.4 Resistance to oxidation, burning and photo-degradation
- 17.5 Corrosion: acids, alkalis, water and organic solvents
- 17.6 Drilling down: mechanisms of corrosion
- 17.7 Fighting corrosion
- 17.8 Summary and conclusions
- 17.9 Further reading and software
- 17.10 Exercises
- 17.11 Exploring design with CES
- 17.12 Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 18. Heat, beat, stick and polish: manufacturing processes
- Abstract
- 18.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 18.2 Process selection in design
- 18.3 Process attributes: material compatibility
- 18.4 Shaping processes: attributes and origins
- 18.5 Joining processes: attributes and origins
- 18.6 Surface treatment (finishing) processes: attributes and origins
- 18.7 Estimating cost for shaping processes
- 18.8 Computer-aided process selection
- 18.9 Case studies
- 18.10 Summary and conclusions
- 18.11 Further reading
- 18.12 Exercises
- 18.13 Exploring design with CES
- 18.14 Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 19. Follow the recipe: processing and properties
- Abstract
- 19.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 19.2 Processing for properties
- 19.3 Microstructure of materials
- 19.4 Microstructure evolution in processing
- 19.5 Metals processing
- 19.6 Non-metals processing
- 19.7 Making hybrid materials
- 19.8 Summary and conclusions
- 19.9 Further reading
- 19.10 Exercises
- 19.11 Exploring design with CES
Chapter 20. Materials, processes and the environment
- Abstract
- 20.1 Introduction and synopsis
- 20.2 Material consumption and its growth
- 20.3 The material life cycle and criteria for assessment
- 20.4 Definitions and measurement: embodied energy, process energy and recycling energy
- 20.5 Charts for embodied energy
- 20.6 Design: selecting materials for eco-design
- 20.7 Materials and sustainability
- 20.8 Summary and conclusions
- 20.9 Appendix: some useful quantities
- 20.10 Further reading
- 20.11 Exercises
- 20.12 Exploring design with CES
- 20.13 Exercises on sustainability
Guided Learning Unit 1: Simple Ideas of Crystallography
- Introduction and synopsis
- PART 1: Crystal structures
- Exercises
- Exercises
- Exercises
- Exercises
- PART 2: Interstitial space
- Exercises
- PART 3: Describing planes
- Exercises
- PART 4: Describing directions
- Exercises
- PART 5: Ceramic crystals
- Exercises
- Exercises
- Exercises
- PART 6: Polymer crystals
- Answers to exercises
Guided Learning Unit 2: Phase diagrams and phase transformations
- Introduction and synopsis
- PART 1: Key terminology
- Exercises (reminder: answers at the end of each section)
- Answers to exercises, Part 1
- PART 2: Simple phase diagrams, and how to read them
- Exercises
- Exercises
- Exercises
- Answers to exercises, Part 2
- PART 3: The iron-carbon diagram
- Exercises
- Answers to Exercises, Part 3
- PART 4: Interpreting more complex phase diagrams
- Exercises
- Answers to exercises, Part 4
- PART 5: Phase transformations and microstructural evolution
- PART 6: Equilibrium solidification
- Exercise
- Exercise
- Exercises
- Answers to Exercises, Part 6
- PART 7: Equilibrium solid-state phase changes
- Exercises
- Answers to Exercises, Part 7
- PART 8: Non-equilibrium solid-state phase changes
- Exercises
- Exercises
- Answers to Exercises, Part 8
- Further reading
- Further exercises
Appendix. Data for engineering materials
Index
Materials: engineering, science, properties and design: Solution manual
- Chapter 1: Exercises with worked solutions
Chapter 2: Exercises with worked solutions
- Exploring design using CES
- Exploring the science with CES elements
Chapter 3: Exercises with worked solutions
- Exploring design with CES
Chapter 15: Exercises with worked solutions
- Exploring design with CES
- Exploring the science with CES Elements
Chapter 16: Exercises with worked solutions
- Exploring design with the CES EduPack
- Exploring the science with CES elements
Chapter 17: Exercises with worked solutions
- Exploring design with CES
- Exploring the science with CES elements
Chapter 20: Exercises with worked solutions
- Exploring design with CES
- Exercises on Sustainability

Engineering, Science, Processing and Design

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Michael F. Ashby

Hugh Shercliff

David Cebon