Machinery and Energy Systems for the Hydrogen Economy

1st Edition - June 17, 2022
Editors: Klaus Brun, Timothy C. Allison
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 0 3 9 4 - 3
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 0 6 6 0 - 9

Machinery and Energy Systems for the Hydrogen Economy covers all major machinery and heat engine types, designs and requirements for the hydrogen economy, from production through s… Read more

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Machinery and Energy Systems for the Hydrogen Economy covers all major machinery and heat engine types, designs and requirements for the hydrogen economy, from production through storage, distribution and consumption. Topics such as hydrogen in pipeline transport, for energy storage, and as a power plant fuel are covered in detail. Hydrogen machinery applications, their selection criteria, economics, safety aspects and operational limitations in different sectors of the hydrogen economy are also discussed. Although the book covers the hydrogen economy as a whole, its primary focus is on machinery and heat engine design and implementation within various production, transport, storage and usage applications.

An invaluable resource for industry, academia and government, this book provides engineers, scientists and technical leaders with the knowledge they need to design and build the infrastructure of a hydrogen economy.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
About the editors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1: Machinery in the energy future
Abstract
1.1: The hydrogen economy
1.2: Energy sources
1.3: The role of machinery
1.4: Competition with electrochemistry
1.5: Ongoing issues
1.6: Machinery in the energy future
References
Section A: Hydrogen background
Chapter 2: Fundamentals
Abstract
2.1: Physical and chemical properties of hydrogen
2.2: Fundamental hydrogen reaction kinetics
2.3: Hydrogen combustion properties
References
Chapter 3: Machinery basics
Abstract
3.1: Introduction
3.2: Machinery
References
Further reading
Chapter 4: Heat engines
Abstract
4.1: Thermodynamic principles
4.2: Conventional engine cycles
4.3: Emerging cycle innovations
References
Section B: Hydrogen applications and markets
Chapter 5: Supply processes and machinery
Abstract
5.1: Introduction
5.2: The color of hydrogen
5.3: Coal gasification
5.4: Hydrogen reformation processes
5.5: Emerging technologies
5.6: Hydrogen natural gas mixture compatibility and separation options
References
Chapter 6: Transport and storage
Abstract
6.1: Introduction
6.2: Pipeline transport
6.3: Transport considerations for blue, turquoise, and green hydrogen
6.4: Shipping liquid hydrogen
6.5: Transport by trucks
6.6: Hydrogen transport and storage with other chemicals
6.7: Hydrogen storage
References
Further reading
Chapter 7: Usage
Abstract
7.1: Introduction
7.2: Hydrogen used to produce electricity—Power generation plants
7.3: Automotive transportation
7.4: Other transportation
7.5: Refinery and chemical industry (including bio refinery and LNG)
7.6: Distribution
References
Further reading
Chapter 8: Economics of hydrogen fuel
Abstract
8.1: Introduction
8.2: Hydrogen energy content
8.3: Present hydrogen price
8.4: Present hydrogen production
8.5: Arbitrage issues
8.6: Theoretical prices: Gray, blue, and green
8.7: Fuel cells vs. mechanical engines
8.8: Electrochemistry cost issues
8.9: Carbon sequestration cost issues
References
Section C: Machinery and heat engine design consideration
Chapter 9: Compressors and expanders
Abstract
9.1: Centrifugal compressors
9.2: Reciprocating compressors
9.3: Diaphragm compressors
9.4: Screw compressors
9.5: Compressor station and pipeline considerations for hydrogen mixtures
9.6: Features of hydrogen turboexpanders
9.7: Hydrogen liquefaction
References
Further reading
Chapter 10: Power generation and mechanical drivers
Abstract
10.1: Gas turbines (Rainer, Mounir, Goldmeer, Freund)
10.2: Gas engines
10.3: Risks associated with hydrogen power generation equipment
References
Further reading
Section D: Materials and safety considerations
Chapter 11: Materials for the hydrogen economy
Abstract
11.1: Introduction
11.2: Hydrogen interactions and effects on material performance
11.3: Characterization of hydrogen solubility, trapping, and transport in metals
11.4: LTDMS analysis
11.5: Materials for high-pressure hydrogen compression and transportation
11.6: Magnetic materials and bonding agents for hydrogen machinery
References
Chapter 12: Safety
Abstract
12.1: Introduction
12.2: Operational issues
12.3: Safety events and lessons learned
12.4: Codes and standards
References
Section E: Research and testing
Chapter 13: Major test facilities, pilot plants, and R&D projects
Abstract
13.1: Introduction
13.2: Hydrogen test facilities and R&D programs in the United States
13.3: Hydrogen test facilities and R&D programs in Spain and other European countries (Eugenio Trillo León)
13.4: Hydrogen test facilities and R&D projects in Japan
References
Chapter 14: Novel and leading-edge technology development
Abstract
14.1: Hydrogen from solar thermal energy
14.2: Hydrogen from wind energy
14.3: Hydrogen from nuclear energy
14.4: Hydrogen from hydropower
14.5: Hydrogen from tidal power
14.6: Hydrogen from oceanic thermal energy conversion
14.7: Alternative hydrogen carriers
14.8: Advanced compressors and valves
14.9: Advances in heat exchangers: High-temperature and high-pressure heat exchangers for high efficiency and light energy conversion systems
References
Chapter 15: Green hydrogen market and growth
Abstract
15.1: The hydrogen market
15.2: Green and low-carbon hydrogen
15.3: The EU hydrogen strategy—A phased approach
15.4: Fundamentals of hydrogen production through water electrolysis
15.5: Technical feasibility of the EU targets for 2024 and 2030: Hydrogen generation capacity
15.6: Requirements for additional renewable power generation capacity and stress on market deployment
15.7: Discussion
15.8: Economic considerations about the impact of renewable energy deployment on the price of electricity (and hydrogen)
15.9: Conclusion
References
Nomenclature
Index

Klaus Brun

Dr. Brun is the Director of Research & Development at Elliott Group where he leads a group of over 60 professionals in the development of turbomachinery and related systems, products and infrastructures for the different energy industries, including renewable energies. His past experience includes positions in product development, applications engineering, project management, and executive management at Southwest Research Institute, Solar Turbines, General Electric, and Alstom. He holds twelve patents, has authored over 370 papers, and published six textbooks on energy systems and turbomachinery. Dr. Brun is a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and won an R&D 100 award in 2007 for his Semi-Active Valve invention. He also won the ASME Industrial Gas Turbine Award in 2016 and 14 individuals ASME Turbo Expo Best Paper/Tutorial awards. Dr. Brun has chaired several large conferences including the ASME Turbo Expo and the Supercritical CO2 Power Cycles Symposium. Dr. Brun is a member of the Global Power Propulsion Society Board of Directors and the past chair of the ASME International Gas Turbine Institute Board of Directors, the ASME Oil & Gas Applications Committee, and ASME sCO2 Power Cycle Committee. He is a member of the API 616 Task Force, the ASME PTC-10 task force, the Asia Turbomachinery Symposiums Committee, and the Supercritical CO2 Symposium Advisory Committee. Dr. Brun is currently Executive Correspondent of Turbomachinery International Magazine and an Associate Editor of several journal transactions.

Affiliations and expertise

Director of Research and Development, Elliott Group, Pennsylvania, USA

Timothy C. Allison

Dr. Tim Allison is the Machinery Department Director at Southwest Research Institute where he leads an organization that focuses on R&D for the energy industry. His research experience includes analysis, fabrication, and testing of turbomachinery and systems for advanced power or oil & gas applications including high-pressure turbomachinery, centrifugal compressors, expanders, gas turbines, reciprocating compressors, and test rigs for bearings, seals, blade dynamics, and aerodynamic performance.

Affiliations and expertise

Machinery Department Director, Southwest Research Institute, TX, USA