Liquid Chromatography

Contributors

Chapter 1. Affinity Chromatography

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Basic Components of Affinity Chromatography

1.3 Bioaffinity Chromatography

1.4 Immunoaffinity Chromatography

1.5 Dye-Ligand and Biomimetic Affinity Chromatography

1.6 Immobilized Metal-Ion Affinity Chromatography

1.7 Analytical Affinity Chromatography

1.8 Miscellaneous Methods and Newer Developments

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 2. Derivatization in Liquid Chromatography

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Reagent Selection

2.3 Postcolumn Reaction Detectors

2.4 Conclusions

References

Chapter 3. Validation of Liquid Chromatographic Methods

3.1 Traditional Method Validation

3.2 Quality by Design and Analytical Methods

3.3 Conclusion

References

Chapter 4. Liquid Chromatographic Separation of Enantiomers

4.1 Introduction

4.2 A Short History of Chiral Separations by Liquid Chromatography

4.3 Materials for the Liquid Chromatographic Separation of Enantiomers

4.4 Modes of Liquid Chromatographic Separation of Enantiomers

4.5 Separation of Enantiomers by Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

4.6 Summary and Future Trends

References

Chapter 5. Liquid Interaction Chromatography of Polymers

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Theoretical Aspects of Isocratic Liquid Chromatography of Polymers

5.3 Applications of Liquid Chromatography of Polymers

5.4 Hyphenated Techniques

5.5 Summary

References

Chapter 6. Amino Acid and Bioamine Separations

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Direct Separation of Amino Acids and Amines

6.3 Indirect Separation of Amino Acids and Amines

6.4 Enantioselective Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Amino Acids

6.5 Conclusions

References

Chapter 7. Protein and Peptide Separations

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Methods of Protein Liquid Chromatography

7.3 Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 8. Glycans and Monosaccharides

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Types of Glycans

8.3 Analysis and Characterization of Glycans

8.4 Monosaccharide Composition Analysis

8.5 Conclusions

References

Chapter 9. Separation of Lipids

9.1 Introduction and Contents

9.2 Definitions and Classification

9.3 Structures and Occurrence

9.4 Sample Extraction and Handling

9.5 Lipid Analysis by Liquid Chromatography

9.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives

References

Chapter 10. Forensic Toxicology

10.1 General Drug Screening

10.2 Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Forensic Toxicology

10.3 Testing for Driving Under the Influence of Drugs Using Oral Fluid

10.4 Toxicological Analysis of Hair in the Investigation of Drug Facilitated Crimes

10.5 Targeted Poisons

10.6 Conclusions

References

Chapter 11. Compositional Analysis of Foods

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Carbohydrates

11.3 Vitamins

11.4 Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

11.5 Lipids

11.6 Minor Components of Food

11.7 Food Additives

11.8 Conclusions and Future Trends

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 12. Multiresidue Methods for Pesticides and Related Contaminants in Food

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Sample Treatment

12.3 Matrix Effects in LC–MS Analysis

12.4 Method Validation

12.5 Analysis of Samples

12.6 Individual Methods for Specific Compounds

12.7 LC–TOF MS in the Field of Pesticide Residue Analysis

References

Chapter 13. Environmental Analysis: Persistent Organic Pollutants∗

13.1 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

13.2 Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds

13.3 Pesticides

13.4 Brominated Flame Retardants

13.5 Perfluoroalkyl Compounds

13.6 Reference Materials

13.7 Concluding Remarks

13.8 Disclaimer

References

Chapter 14. Environmental Analysis: Emerging Pollutants

14.1 Introduction

14.2 General Trends

14.3 Target Analysis of Specific Contaminant Groups Using LC–MS

14.4 Conclusions

References

Chapter 15. Analysis of Natural Toxins

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Tetrodotoxin

15.3 Lipophilic Marine Toxins

15.4 Saxitoxin and Analogs

References

Chapter 16. Liquid Chromatography in the Pharmaceutical Industry

16.1 The Role of Separation Science in Pharmaceutical Drug Development

16.2 Increasing Chromatographic Resolution

16.3 Chromatographic Method Development: RPLC

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 17. Determination of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry: Basic and Cutting-Edge Applications

17.1 Introduction

17.2 Options in Veterinary Residue Analysis using LC–MS

17.3 Conclusions

References

Chapter 18. Analysis of Vitamins by Liquid Chromatography

18.1 Introduction

18.2 Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Water-Soluble Vitamins

18.3 Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Fat-Soluble Vitamins

18.4 Multivitamin Methods

References

Chapter 19. Applications of Liquid Chromatography in the Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicines, an Overview

19.1 Introduction

19.2 Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicines

19.3 Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 20. Analysis of Neurotransmitters and Their Metabolites by Liquid Chromatography

20.1 Introduction

20.2 Biogenic Amines

20.3 Acetylcholine

20.4 Amino Acids

20.5 Purines: Adenosine Triphosphate and Adenosine

20.6 Endocannabinoids

20.7 Neuropeptides

20.8 Multianalyte Monitoring of Neurotransmitters from Diverse Classes

20.9 Clinical Applications of Microdialysis Sampling and Liquid Chromatographic-Based Analysis

20.10 Conclusions

References

Chapter 21. Clinical Chemistry, Including Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Biomarkers for Diagnosis

21.1 Introduction

21.2 Preanalytical Specimen Handling in Clinical Liquid Chromatography

21.3 Separation Technologies in Clinical Liquid Chromatography

21.4 Detection Technologies in Clinical Liquid Chromatography

21.5 Applications

21.6 Conclusion

References

Chapter 22. Speciation and Element-Specific Detection

22.1 Introduction

22.2 Sampling

22.3 Sample Storage and Processing

22.4 Speciation Approaches: Direct Methods or Hyphenated Techniques

22.5 Interfacing: Nebulizers, Use of Internal Standard and Postcolumn Dilution

22.6 Element-Selective Detection

22.7 Quantification and Quality Control

References

Index