Laboratory Safety Theory and Practice

1st Edition - December 28, 1980
Editor: Anthony Fuscaldo
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 3 6 5 - 2

Laboratory Safety: Theory and Practice focuses on theoretical aspects of the hazards the students, technicians, and scientists encounter in the laboratory. It presents methods of… Read more

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Laboratory Safety: Theory and Practice focuses on theoretical aspects of the hazards the students, technicians, and scientists encounter in the laboratory. It presents methods of risk assessment that can be applied to technologies as they are translated from the scientist’s mind to the laboratory bench. It is organized into three sections designated as General Laboratory Safety, Biological Laboratory Safety, and Medical and Psychological Factors. The first section, encompassing three chapters, discusses hazards found in almost all laboratories; pertinent safety theories and practices; ubiquitous compounds that are either toxic or carcinogenic and guidelines for their use; and radiation hazards. Chapters 4 to 7 focus on the safety in the biological laboratory. Discussions on relatively complex group of viruses, approach to recombinant DNA research, and awareness on the possible hazards associated with the field are included in this book. Chapters 6 and 7 present design and function of biohazard laboratories and the hazards relating to laboratory animals. The final section discusses medical surveillance of persons at risk and the psychological factors involved in accident control. It presents a comprehensive list of chemical agents, their sources, subsequent physical effects, and the accepted mode of medical surveillance. Various genetic screening tests and their potential use for the evaluation of presumptive and actual mutagens are also covered. This book is ideal for safety and design engineers, students, technicians, and scientists.

List of Contributors

Preface

Part One: General Laboratory Safety

Chapter One Physical, Chemical, and Fire Safety

I. Introduction

II. Human Factors

III. Energy Factors and Control Strategies

IV. Haddon's Measures for the Prevention or Limitation of Laboratory Incidents and Injuries

V. Mechanical Hazards and Controls

VI. Thermal Hazards and Control Measures

VII. Chemical Hazards and Control Measures

VIII. Electrical Hazards and Control Measures

IX. Fire Hazards and Control Measures

X. Safety Management

References

Chapter Two Classes of Toxic Compounds: Procedures and Principles for Evaluating Toxicity

I. Introduction

II. Classification of Toxicity

III. Carcinogenicity

References

Chapter Three Radiation Hazards in the Laboratory

I. Introduction

II. Units of Radiation Measurement

III. Radiation Effects on Biological Systems

IV. Principles of Exposure Control

V. Regulations

VI. Instrumentation

VII. Personnel Monitoring: Purpose and Need

VIII. General Laboratory Procedures for Radidiisotope Work

IX. Specific Procedures for Users of Large Quantities of 3H, 32P, and 125I

Bibliography

Part Two: Biological Laboratory Safety

Chapter Four Viruses and Cancer

I. Introduction

II. DNA Oncogenic Viruses

III. RNA Tumor Viruses

IV. Discussion

References

Chapter Five Recombinant DNA Research

I. Introduction

II. The Importance of Molecular Cloning

III. In Vitro Cloning Procedures

IV. In Vivo Genetic Manipulation

V. Possible Hazards Associated with Recombinant DNA Research

References

Chapter Six Identification, Analysis, and Control of Biohazards in Viral Cancer Research

I. Introduction

II. Determinants of Laboratory Hazard

III. Criteria for Tumor Virus Classification

IV. Containment Systems and Control Practices

References

Chapter Seven Biohazards Associated with Laboratory Animals

I. Introduction

II. Hazards to Personnel

III. Experimental Hazard

IV. Hazard to Breeding Stock

V. Hazard to Domestic Animals

VI. Important Laboratory Zoonoses

VII. Factors Affecting Laboratory Zoonoses

VIII. Control of Animal Room Biohazards

IX. Estimation of Risk

X. Final Comment

References

Part Three: Medical and Psychological Factors

Chapter Eight Selected Medical Problems Often Associated with Laboratory Personnel

I. Introduction

II. Acute and Chronic Chemical Intoxications

III. Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: A Model of Sensitization to Organic Material

IV. Carcinogens

V. Infections and Infestations

VI. The Pregnant Laboratory Worker

VII. Accidents and Injuries by Physical Agents

References

Chapter Nine Medical Aspects of Occupational Health in a Laboratory Setting

I. Introduction

II. Components of Occupational Health Programs

III. Personnel

IV. Risk Assessment

V. Occupational Health Program

VI. Occupational Health Program Example

VII. Conclusion

VIII. Appendix

References

Chapter Ten Genetic Monitoring

I. Introduction

II. Economic Impact

III. Test Systems for Determination of Mutagenicity

IV. Test Systems for Determination of Carcinogenicity

References

Chapter Eleven Behavioral Factors in Laboratory Safety: Personnel Characteristics and the Modification of Unsafe Acts

I. Behavioral Factors That Result in Accidents

II. Task Factors Related to Accidents

III. The Modification of Unsafe Behavior Patterns

References

Appendix: Classification of Agents

Index