Internal Conversion Processes

List of Contributors

Preface

Chapter I Internal Conversion Processes—Yesterday and Today

Chapter II Internal Conversion Theory

Chapter III Experimental Methods For the Determination of Internal Conversion Coefficients

Chapter IV Remarks on Conversion Electron-Gamma Directional Correlations

Chapter V Proceedings of the International Conference on the Internal Conversion Process

List of Participants

Remarks on Conversion Electron Gamma Directional Correlations

The Use of Semiconductor Detectors for Internal Conversion Measurements

A Scheme for High-Luminosity High-Resolution Internal and External Conversion Measurements

Recent Developments in the Internal-External Conversion (IEC) Method

Application of the Internal-External Conversion (IEC) Method to the Lens-Type Spectrometer

The IEC Method Applied to a Medium-Thin Magnetic Lens Spectrometer

Improvement of the Resolution of a Siegbahn-Svartholm Type Iron-Yoke Double-Focusing Spectrometer

Recent Determinations of Conversion Coefficients of E2 Transitions Obtained from Coincidence Techniques and the Peak-to-Beta Spectrum Method

The Beta Spectrum of Au198, and the Conversion Coefficients of the 412-keV Line in Hg198

Method for Measuring Internal Conversion Coefficients Using a Bent-Crystal Gamma-Ray Monochromator and a Magnetic Electron Spectrometer

Conversion Coefficient Measurements Employing Magnetic and Solid-State Spectrometers

Anomalous K/L Ratio of the Conversion Electrons from (p, 2n) Reactions

Measurement of Electron Capture Ratios and Internal Conversion Coefficient Ratios with a Solid State Detector

Information on Conversion Coefficients from Coulomb Excitation and Lifetime Measurements

Anomalies in Internal Conversion Coefficients of Ε2 Transitions in Even-Even Nuclei

Determination of the Conversion Coefficient in Yb170 with Scintillation Methods

On the Anomalies of E2 Conversion Coefficients in the Deformed-Nucleus Region

The K Conversion Coefficient of the Pure E2 123-keV Transition in Gd154 by a Coincidence Method

Conversion Coefficient Measurements in Sm152, Gd154, and Dy160 by the IEC Method

Κ Conversion Coefficients of Mixed E2-M1 Rotational Transitions

A Test of the Effect of Scattering on the f Factor Used in the IEC Method

E2 Conversion Coefficients of the 245-keV Transition in Sm152 and the 344-keV Transition in Gd152

Nuclear Models, Particle Correlations, and Internal Conversion Coefficients

Confirmation of the Presence of E0 in Direct Competition with M1 and E2

Large E0-E2 Mixing Observed in Gd154

Some Conversion Coefficients Which Should Be Measured

Anomalous M1 Transitions in Ta181 and Lu175

Anomalous E1 Conversion

Internal Conversion Measurements of Transitions in Ta181

The Conversion Coefficient of Some Gamma Rays in In113, In115, Xe129, and Xe133

Internal Conversion Coefficients: General Formulation for All Shells and Application to Low Energy Transitions

On the Anomalous E2 ΔΚ = 1 Transitions in the Deformed Region

Penetration Effects on M1 Conversion Coefficients and the Core-Excitation Model

New Calculations of β4 (M Shell) in Tellurium

The Internal Conversion of High Multipole Order γ-Transitions

Relative Intensities of Internal Conversion Lines in 137Bam and Bi210

π√13/2 High-Precision β-Ray Spectrometer

Gamma-Electron Directional Correlation Experiment on the 356-keV → 81-keV Cascade in Cs133

Nuclear Structure Effect in the K-Conversion Process of the 81-keV M1 Transition in Cs133

Nuclear Structure Effect in the L1-Conversion Process of the 57.1-keV M1 Transition of a Rotational Band in Dy161

Internal Conversion Coefficient of the 53-keV Gamma Ray Emitted in the Decay of Ru103

Internal Conversion Electrons from Primary Fission Fragments

Experimental and Theoretical Particle Parameters for L Electrons. Directional Correlations in Hg199 and Pt195

Angular Correlations Involving Conversion Electrons

Particle Parameters Measured in Pure Transitions

Experimental Studies of Dynamic Contributions to Ε2 Conversion

Κ and L Shell Particle Parameters of the 84.2-keV E2 Transition in Yb170

E2, L, and M + · · · Shell Particle Parameters in Gd154

Angular Distributions of Conversion Electrons from Oriented Ce137m Nuclei

γ-ē (L + M) and γ-ē (K) Directional Correlations in Pb207

M1-E2 Mixing from L Subshell Conversion Ratios

L Subshell Ratios in E2 Transitions

L Subshell Measurements of Retarded Dipole Transitions

A Survey of E1 Transitions in the Rare Earth Region

L Subshell Ratio Measurements for E2 Transitions in Gd154, Yb170, and W182

L Subshell Ratios for E2 Transitions in Deformed Heavy Elements

X-Ray Yields from K-Shell Ionization by Alpha Particles

Very Low Energy Isomer in the Decay of Mo90

Panel Session Conversion Coefficient Measurements

Conference Summary

Penetration Effects in Internal Conversion

Appendix 1

Tables of the Conversion Matrix Elements and Phases

Appendix 2

L Shell Particle Parameters for Angular Correlations of Conversion Electrons. Part 1: L1 and L2 Subshells

L Shell Particle Parameters for Angular Correlations of Conversion Electrons. Part 2: L3 Subshell

Appendix 3

K/L, L1/L2, and L1/L3 Conversion Coefficient Ratios

Appendix 4

Conversion Coefficients Useful as Calibration Standards

Appendix 5

Table of Electron Binding Energies

Author Index

Subject Index