Interactions between Electromagnetic Fields and Matter

Vieweg Tracts in Pure and Applied Physics

1st Edition - January 1, 1973
Author: Karl-Heinz Steiner
Editor: H. Stumpf
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 5 1 6 7 - 0

Interactions between Electromagnetic Fields and Matter deals with the principles and methods that can amplify electromagnetic fields from very low levels of signals. This book… Read more

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Interactions between Electromagnetic Fields and Matter deals with the principles and methods that can amplify electromagnetic fields from very low levels of signals. This book discusses how electromagnetic fields can be produced, amplified, modulated, or rectified from very low levels to enable these for application in communication systems. This text also describes the properties of matter and some phenomenological considerations to the reactions of matter when an action of external fields results in a polarization of the particle system and changes the bonding forces existing in the matter. This book considers the above phenomena in detail by explaining matter as a conglomeration of charged mass points in the electromagnetic field. Quantum mechanics and Maxwell's theory can then account for the precise description of the interactions between the electromagnetic fields and matter. This book then describes special processes such as 1) the static and quasistatic interactions and 2) dynamic processes, particularly the resonance process. This text also defines a general form for electric and magnetic reactions using the generalized field equation. This book also cites the anharmonic oscillator and the single spin as different examples of electric and magnetic dipole interactions. This text is suitable for electrical engineers, radio technicians, physicists whose work is in quantum mechanics, and engineers interested in electro-magnetism theory.

Principal Mathematical Symbols Used in This Work

Some Universal Constants (SI-units)

Introductory Remarks

1. Storing Matter and Dissipating Matter

2. Some Phenomenological Considerations to the Reactions of Matter

I. Matter as a Conglomeration of Charged Mass Points in the Electromagnetic Field

1. The Hamiltonian of Charged Particles in the External Field

2. Analysis of the Hamiltonian

2.1. Field Analysis

2.2. The Interaction Terms

3. Multi-pole Moments

3.1. Dipole, Quadrupole, Octopole Moments

3.2. Permanent and Induced Moments

3.3. Tentative Illustrative and Conceptual Interpretation of the Individual Moments

II. Microscopic Models, Characteristic Curves, Processes

1. Models of Matter

2. The Equation of Motion of Charged Particles in the Electromagnetic Field

2.1. Derivation from the Hamiltonian

2.2. Equation of Motion with Purely Electric Fields

2.3. Equation of. Motion with Purely Magnetic Fields

3. Characteristic Curves

3.1. Electric Characteristic Curves

3.2. Magnetic Characteristic Curves

3.3. The Derivatives of the Characteristic Curves, Their Frequency Dependence

3.4. Comparison with Well-known and Proven Storage Characteristics; Microscopic and Quasimacroscopic Bonds

4. Survey of the Interaction Processes

4.1. The Calculation of the Mixing

4.2. The Processes

5. Transition to the Discussion in Terms of Quantum Mechanics

5.1. Transfer, with the Help of the Correspondence Principle, of Fourier Coefficients into Matrix Elements

5.2. Conclusions from the Matrices

III. The Quantum-mechanical Treatment of the Interactions

1. The General Solution Scheme

1.1. The Expectation Values as Theoretical Predictions of Observable Quantities

1.2. Determination of the Expectation Values

2. Special Steady-state Formulations

2.1. The Perturbed Hamiltonian

2.2. Steady-state Expectation Values

IV. Special Processes I: Static and Quasistatic (off-resonance) Interactions

1. The Static Expansion Coefficients

1.1. General Considerations Concerning the Solution of the Set of Equations of the Static Expansion Coefficients

1.2. Determination of the General Expansion Coefficients

2. The Static Characteristic Curve

2.1. The Single-field Characteristic Curve and Its Special Form in a Two-state System

2.2. Generalizations and Specializations

2.3. Some Interaction Processes

3. Considerations Concerning the Operating Point of Matter

V. Special Processes II: Dynamic Processes, in Particular Resonance Processes

1. Single-field Processes

1.1. The Expansion Coefficients and Expectation Values of the Moments

1.2. Linear Processes

1.3. Nonlinear Single-field Processes

2. Multi-field Processes

2.1. Controllable Processes

2.2. Harmonic Processes

2.3. Mixing Processes

3. Power Relations of Nonlinear Resonance Processes

3.1. The Process Power Values with Resonant Frequency Doubling and Mixing

3.2. General Power Relations of Phase-insensitive Resonance Processes and Determination of Their Transition Probabilities by Way of Phase-sensitive Interactions

4. On the Presentation of the Resonance Processes

VI. Macroscopic Structures

1. The Generalized Field Equation

2. Structures with Reactions due to the Linear Process

2.1. The Solution of the Elementary Case

2.2. The Solution with Consideration of the Tensor Properties of the Susceptibility

3. Structures with Reactions via Nonlinear Single-field Processes

3.1. The Field Equation

3.2. The Solution

3.3. Discussion of the Solution

4. Frequency Doubling in Macroscopic Structures

4.1. The Field Equations

4.2. The Solution

5. Frequency Mixing in Macroscopic Structures

5.1. The Field Equations

5.2. The Solution

5.3. Comparison of the Amplification Principles

Appendix

1. The Anharmonic Oscillator as an Example of Electric Dipole Interactions in the Range of Infrared Frequencies

1.1. The Parameters

1.2. Some Interaction Processes

2. The Single Spin as an Example of Magnetic Dipole Interactions in the Microwave Range

2.1. The Parameters

2.2. Some Interaction Processes

Survey of the Historical Evolution

Bibliography

Subject Index