Information Processing in Motor Control and Learning

Contents

List of contributors

Preface


1 Skill Acquisition: An Event Approach with Special Reference to Searching for the Optimum of a Function of Several Variables

I. Introduction

II. Motor Tasks, Acquisition Processes, and Actors: A General Orientation

III. Defining the Domain of Skill Acquisition for a Theorist

IV. On Converting Biokinematic Free Variables into a Controllable System

Reference Notes

References


2 Some Issues on Action Plans

I. Introduction

II. Actions and Movements

III. Plans for Action

IV. How Detailed Is an Action Plan?

V. How Conscious Is an Action Plan?

VI. Development of an Action Plan

References


3 Task Factors That Influence Selection and Preparation for Voluntary Movements

I. Introduction

II. Discrete Movement Paradigms

III. Relationship between Initiation and Execution Stages

IV. Factors That Influence Programming Time

V. Concluding Remarks

Reference Notes

References


4 The Components of an Information Processing Theory of Skilled Performance Based on an Optimal Control Perspective

I. Introduction

II. Environmental Description

III. Model Description

IV. Issues That May Be Addressed by the Model

V. A Possible Experiment

VI. Summary

References


5 Conscious Mechanisms in Movement

I. Introduction

II. Empirical Basis

III. Theoretical Accounts

IV. Predictions and Conclusions

Reference Notes

References


6 The Latency and Duration of Rapid Movement Sequences: Comparisons of Speech and Typewriting

I. Introduction

II. Experiments on Speech

III. Hypothesis about the Latency Effect

IV. Elaboration of the Sequence-Preparation Hypothesis

V. Analysis of the Duration Function

VI. An Experiment on Typewriting

VII. Summary of Findings and a Tentative Model for the Latency and Duration of Rapid Movement Sequences

Reference Notes

References


7 Response Timing in Handwriting

I. Introduction

II. Quantitative Variability in Handwriting

III. Discrete Nature of Force Application in Handwriting Movements

IV. Time Scaling as a Determinant of Handwriting Size

V. Timing of Successive Movements in Single-Letter Production

VI. Conclusion

VII. Appendix: Biochemical Considerations in Handwriting

Reference Notes

References


8 Sensorimotor Integration during Motor Programming

I. Introduction

II. Sensorimotor Integration at the Spinal Cord

III. Sensorimotor Integration and the Cerebellum

IV. Sensorimotor Integration and the Primary Somatic Motor Area

V. Concluding Remarks

References


9 Sources of Inaccuracy in Rapid Movement

I. Introduction

II. Fitts' Law

III. Theories That Account for Fitts' Law

IV. An Alternative View: Movement Output Variability

V. Empirical Support for the Model

VI. Strengths, Limitations, and Future Directions

Reference Notes

References


10 Testing Tapping Time-Sharing: Attention Demands of Movement Amplitude and Target Width

I. Introduction

II. Aiming and Motor Control

III. Aiming and Information Processing: Attention Demands of Movement

IV. Previous Research concerning Tapping Time-Sharing

V. Attention Demands of Movement Amplitude and Target Width

VI. Conclusions

Reference Notes

References


11 Theoretical Issues for Knowledge of Results

I. Introduction

II. Thorndike and His Ideas

III. The Thorndike Legacies

References


12 Perceptual Organization in Motor Learning

I. Introduction

II. Definitions of Organization

III. The Role of Organization

IV. History of Organizational Research

V. Measurement of Organization

VI. Experimenter-Presented and Subject-Discovered Organization

VII. Research in Motor Learning Relevant to Perceptual-Motor Organization

VIII. Perceptual Organization: Experimenter-Presented and Subject-Discovered Organization

IX. Summary and Future Directions

Reference Notes

References


13 The Role of Eye and Head Positions in Slow Movement Execution

I. Introduction

II. Evidence That Slow Movement Execution Relies More on Perceptual Processes Than on Effector Processes

III. Experimental Support for the Role of Eye and Head Positions

IV. Implications of the Experimental Evidence for Head and Eye Orientation

Reference Notes

References


14 Hemispheric Lateralization and Orientation in Compensatory and Voluntary Movement

I. Introduction

II. A Kinesthetic Stimulus-Response Paradigm

III. Components of a Kinesthetic Stimulus-Response in the Stimulus Limb

IV. Bilateral Response in a Unilateral Kinesthetic Stimulus

V. Application of Hemisphere Models to the Bilateral Response Paradigm

Reference Notes

References

Index