Hydrogen Safety for Energy Applications

Engineering Design, Risk Assessment, and Codes and Standards

1st Edition - March 25, 2022
Editors: Alexei Kotchourko, Thomas Jordan
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 0 4 9 2 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 0 4 9 5 - 5

Hydrogen Safety for Energy Applications: Engineering Design, Risk Assessment, and Codes and Standards presents different aspects of contemporary knowledge regarding the hazard… Read more

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Hydrogen Safety for Energy Applications: Engineering Design, Risk Assessment, and Codes and Standards presents different aspects of contemporary knowledge regarding the hazards, risks and safety connected with hydrogen systems. Sections cover the main hydrogen technologies and explore the scientific aspects of possible sources and consequences of accidental events that can occur when hydrogen is used, including in its vehicular applications. Risk assessment, as well as the safety measures/safety barriers applicable in such situations are also considered. Finally, a short survey concerning legal aspects is presented.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Preface
Chapter 1. Hydrogen fundamentals
Abstract
Chapter Outline
1.1 Physical properties of hydrogen
1.2 Chemical properties of hydrogen
1.3 Physiological hazards associated with hydrogen
1.4 Influence of hydrogen on materials
1.5 Environmental impact of hydrogen in the atmosphere
1.6 Hydrogen properties
References
Chapter 2. Hydrogen technologies
Abstract
Chapter Outline
2.1 History and potential future of hydrogen technologies
2.2 Hydrogen production processes
2.3 Hydrogen storage and transport
2.4 Hydrogen energy conversion
2.5 Hydrogen applications and their supply infrastructure
2.6 Hydrogen systems major components
References
Chapter 3. Phenomena relevant to accidents
Abstract
Chapter Outline
3.1 Hydrogen release
3.2 Hydrogen dispersion
3.3 Hydrogen ignition
3.4 Combustion of hydrogen
3.5 Deflagration
3.6 Transition from deflagration to detonation
3.7 Detonation
References
Chapter 4. Accident consequences
Abstract
Chapter Outline
4.1 Accident initiators
4.2 Overpressure generation
4.3 Heat radiation generation
4.4 Infrastructure impact
4.5 Blast effects
4.6 Physiological impact
4.7 Environmental impact
References
Chapter 5. Risk assessment
Abstract
Chapter Outline
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Safety regulations and standards in different countries
5.3 Safety management principles
5.4 Risk-based safety management
5.5 Assessing and profiling the risks
5.6 Practical risk assessment
5.7 Hydrogen hazards
5.8 Learning from accident information
5.9 Modeling as a tool for QRA
5.10 Human factors
References
Chapter 6. Safety measures and safety barrier functions
Abstract
Chapter Outline
6.1 Introduction to system safety
6.2 Preventive and mitigative safety barrier functions
6.3 Inherently safe systems
6.4 Organizational and human factors
6.5 Relevant regulations and standards
6.6 Specific safety barriers in practice for hydrogen applications
6.7 Safety examples for hydrogen technologies
6.8 Conclusion and current development
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 7. Legal requirements, technical regulations, codes, and standards for hydrogen safety
Abstract
Chapter Outline
7.1 Scope
7.2 The regulations, codes and standard international frame
7.3 General safety aspects
7.4 Regulations, codes, and standards for specific hydrogen applications
7.5 Conclusions, gaps, bottlenecks, and future needs
References
Index

Alexei Kotchourko

A. Kotchourko is working in the field of nuclear and industrial safety since the mid-1980s. He has received his doctoral degree on chemical physics including physics of combustion and explosions in 1988 having a position in Russian national research center ‘Kurchatov Institute’. Currently he works in Karlsruhe Institute of Technology as staff scientist. He has published or presented more than 200 safety pertinent papers with the focus in numerical simulations of combustions and explosions. In 2009 - 2014, he was a member of Governing board and a Chair of Research Committee in International Association for Hydrogen Safety and in 2014 was an editor of ‘State of the art and research priorities in hydrogen safety’ report by European Commission.

Affiliations and expertise

Staff Scientist, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany

Thomas Jordan

Thomas Jordan is a mechanical engineer who has worked in the fields of computational fluid dynamics, structural mechanics and coupled electromagnetics at the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe since 1989. There he received his doctoral degree „Coupling of electromagnetics and structural dynamics in a fusion reactor blanket“ in 1994. Until 2001 he worked in the fields of plasma physics and continuum damage mechanics. He contributed to the working group for safety and environmental impact of fusion reactors group and was involved in the coordination of the EU fission reactor safety projects RPVSA and LISSAC. In 2001 he founded the spin-off optimiSE for process optimization via data mining in the semiconductor industries. In late 2003 he returned to the Forschungszentrum to coordinate the EC Network of Excellence HySafe and founded the International Association for Hydrogen Safety IA HySafe in 2009. Currently he is elected president of IA HySafe. Since 2005 he is member of the organising and scientific committee of the International Conference for Hydrogen Safety ICHS and is teaching “Hydrogen Technologies” at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT. Since 2009 he is heading the hydrogen group at the Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies and since 2012 visiting professor at the University of Ulster

Affiliations and expertise

Head, Hydrogen Group, Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies and Visiting Professor, University of Ulster, Ireland