Hybrid Technologies for Power Generation

1st Edition - October 30, 2021
Editors: Massimiliano Lo Faro, Orazio Barbera, Giosue Giacoppo
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 3 7 9 3 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 4 1 8 6 - 8

Hybrid Technologies for Power Generation addresses the topics related to hybrid technologies by coupling conventional thermal engines with novel technologies, including fuel cell… Read more

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Hybrid Technologies for Power Generation addresses the topics related to hybrid technologies by coupling conventional thermal engines with novel technologies, including fuel cells, batteries, thermal storage and electrolysis, and reporting on the most recent advances concerning transport and stationary applications. Potential operating schemes of hybrid power generation systems are covered, highlighting possible combinations of technology and guideline selection according to the energy demands of end-users. Going beyond state-of-the-art technological developments for processes, devices and systems, this book discusses the environmental impact and existing hurdles of moving from a single device to new approaches for efficient energy generation, transfer, conversion, high-density storage and consumption.

By describing the practical viability of novel devices coupled to conventional thermal devices, this book has a decisive impact in energy system research, supporting those in the energy research and engineering communities.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Editors’ Biography
Preface
Part One: Hybrid stationary systems
1: Stationary hybrid systems: Motivation policies and technical challenges
Abstract
1: Introduction to stationary hybrid systems
2: Review of existing literature
3: Development of stationary hybrid energy systems
4: Summary
References
2: Design and performance analysis of off-grid hybrid renewable energy systems
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Review of the famous HRES components
3: Hybrid renewable energy system architectures
4: Review of simulation software tools
5: Design of optimal HRES
6: Techno-economic analysis of stand-alone HRES projects
7: Summary
Appendix
References
3: Off-grid full renewable hybrid systems: Control strategies, optimization, and modeling
Abstract
Acknowledgments
1: Introduction
2: Components modeling
3: Control strategies
4: Economic calculations
5: Life cycle emissions
6: Sizing and optimization
7: Example
8: Conclusions
References
4: Grid integrated non-renewable based hybrid systems: Control strategies, optimization, and modeling
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Hybrid system operation analysis
3: Solutions to improve diesel generators efficiency in hybrid systems
4: Modeling and control of the energy storage system
5: Modeling and control of the interfacing inverter
6: Grid-connected NRES configuration understudy
7: Results and discussion
8: Conclusion
References
5: Off-grid nonrenewable based hybrid systems: Architecture, design, demonstration, and study cases
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Methodology
3: Background
4: Mathematical formulation
5: Energy management
6: Results
7: Conclusions
References
6: Power management strategy of PV-PEMFC-PEMEC hybrid systems integrated with a vanadium redox flow battery
Abstract
Acknowledgments
1: Introduction
2: Hybrid power system components
3: Design of the hybrid power system components
4: Hybrid renewable power systems for stand-alone applications
5: Conclusions
References
7: Off-grid hybrid systems based on combined conventional and unconventional technologies: Design, analyses, and illustrative examples
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Off-grid hybrid systems
3: Performance analyses of energy systems
4: Illustrative examples
5: Concluding remarks
References
8: Sustainable off-grid power supply for small settlements
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Literature review
3: Methodology
4: Application
5: Lifecycle analysis
6: Discussion
7: Conclusions
References
Part Two: Hybrid vehicles
9: Introduction on mobile hybrid systems: Motivations, environmental aspects, policies, and technical challenges
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Performance analysis of advanced vehicles by inventory analysis
3: Assessing the potential for FCV introduction using energy-economic models
4: Concluding remarks
References
10: Automotive hybrid electric systems: Design, modeling, and energy management
Abstract
1: Introduction on hybrid electric vehicles
2: HEV classification
3: Modeling of hybrid electric powertrains
4: Design of hybrid electric powertrains
5: Energy management of hybrid electric drivetrains
References
11: Heavy-duty hybrid transportation systems: Design, modeling, and energy management
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Hybrid architectures: Definition and conventions
3: Energy management
4: Development of a case study
References
12: Heavy-duty hybrid transportation systems: Demonstration and case studies
Abstract
1: Genesis and review of electric and hybrid powertrain for heavy-duty vehicles
2: Hybrid propulsion systems
3: Hybrid storage systems
4: Proposed case studies on trucks, buses, and heavy working vehicles
5: Design of a conventional truck hydraulic servo-actuation fed by a regenerative braking system
6: Design and testing of a hybrid storage for the fast recharge of public transportation systems
7: Electrification and hydrogen hybridization of a light truck
8: Electrification with flexible hybridization strategies for construction machines
9: Conclusions and final remarks
References
13: Energy system management for aeronautic and aerospace applications: Demonstration and study cases
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Modeling and control
3: Aeronautic applications
References
14: Modeling hybrid energy systems for marine applications: Hybrid electric ships
Abstract
1: Introduction and literature review
2: Modeling and problem formulation
3: Results
4: Conclusion
References
15: Hybrid system for powering unmanned aerial vehicles: Demonstration and study cases
Abstract
Acknowledgments
1: Introduction
2: Basic knowledge of hybrid UAV
3: Cases of hybrid energy UAV
4: Energy management strategy
5: Conclusions
References
16: Life cycle assessment of hybrid passenger electric vehicle
Abstract
1: Challenges toward a sustainable transport sector
2: Need for comprehensive sustainability checks
3: The life cycle assessment methodology
4: Technical parameters and methodological aspects in LCAs of road vehicles
5: Exploring the influence and sensitivity of key technological parameters: The case study of HEV vehicle
6: Conclusions
References
Index

Massimiliano Lo Faro

Massimiliano Lo Faro is currently the leader of the SOFC research plan and activities at CNR-ITAE. He is particularly interested in the development of materials and components for Solid Oxide Electrochemical Cells (SOCs) that operate between 400 °C and 800 °C. In his research over the past two decades, he has demonstrated that i) fuel cells can generate power with high efficiency (SOFCs) using directly dry biofuels, ii) hydrogen or synthetic fuels can be generated by electrolyzing H2O or co-electrolyzing H2O and CO2 (SOECs), and iii) Fe-air batteries can be used to store electricity with excellent round-trip efficiency and at very low cost. Over the course of his career, he has been a visiting scientist and lecturer abroad for short-medium periods. CNPq granted him a grant to spend two months per year at the University of Sao Paulo as a "Special Visiting Researcher" for four years (processo nº402180/2012-7). The FAPESP granted him two contracts 2018/02172 -7 (2018) and 2022/00818-2 (2022) for spending a bimester at the University of Sao Carlos, two short-term mobility financed by CNR for a period of 21 days at the University of Thessaly in 2005 and at U of Lille in 2021, one in Mexico (U. of Zacates and CIDETEQ) in 2009 and one in Lubjana in 2019 both financed by MAECI, one in Sofia in 2020 financed by a bilateral agreement between CNR-BAS. In recognition of his research on solid oxide electrochemical cells, he received the H2Roma Award (2012) and three Dokiya Fund Awards (2009, 2007, 2005). His membership in scientific organizations includes ISE, ECS, and SCI. From 2010 to 2012, he served as the chair of SCIGiovani. Among various conferences organized, he was chair of GEI2012, HYPOTHESIS XIV, ROUNDTABLE on HYDROGEN in LATIN-AMERICA-2019, ICH2P-2021, and the Italy-Brazil R2B workshop-2021.

Affiliations and expertise

Researcher, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Advanced Energy Technologies “Nicola Giordano” (ITAE), Salita S. Lucia sopra, Messina, Italy

Orazio Barbera

Orazio Barbera is currently a permanent researcher at CNR-ITAE (National Research Council of Italy – Institute for Advanced Energy Technologies). He graduated from Politecnico di Milano in 1994 in Mechanical Engineering and received a PhD in Materials for Environment and Energy from the University of Tor Vergata, Rome, in March 2017. Dr Barbera has 19 years experience developing electrochemical power generation and storage technologies based on low-temperature fuel cells and batteries and focusses on hydrogen/methanol fuel cells, metal-air batteries, and photoelectrochemical cell engineering. In this field, Dr Barbera has developed a reliable methodology for fuel cell stack and batteries design and test. Prototyping is the direct expression of this research activity; it allows the technology to transfer from the lab scale to practical use. Numerous prototypes of fuel cell stacks for stationary, marine, space, and portable applications have been designed, manufactured, and tested. He designed, manufactured, and tested lab-scale metal-air batteries. This has allowed him to study behaviour and validate the general methodology for the executive plans.

Affiliations and expertise

Researcher, CNR-ITAE (National Research Council of Italy – Institute for Advanced Energy Technologies), Italy

Giosue Giacoppo

He was graduated in 2002 in Aerospace Engineering at Politecnico of Turin, where he also obtained his qualification to practice as an Engineer in 2003. Since December 2013, he is a permanent researcher at CNR-ITAE (National Research Council of Italy – Institute for Advanced Energy Technologies) where focused his research in the field of power and chemicals generation by electrochemical technologies such as batteries, fuel cells and electrolysers. Particular attention was devoted to the thermal fluid dynamic analysis of flow field distributors in PEM Fuel cells. In fact, uniform distribution of reactants in fuel cells as well as in the electrolysers, is a key point for optimal and durable performance of such devices. Development of specific measurement in experimental cells has allowed to confirm numerical results through experimental data. Production of hydrogen through assisted photoelectrochemical devices was another topic toward Dr. Giacoppo has focused his interests. Design and modelling of an innovative photoelectrochemical cell for water splitting was part of his most recent research. Teaching and dissemination activities are another important aspect of his scientific curriculum. He has held seminars on the hydrogen technologies and applied engineering to electrochemical devices at universities, schools and public institutions.

Affiliations and expertise

Researcher, CNR-ITAE (National Research Council of Italy – Institute for Advanced Energy Technologies), Italy