Human Adaptation and Its Failures

Contents Preface Acknowledgments 1/Some Key Concepts Environmental Factors in Adaptation Nonadaptive Behavior Patterns A Critique of Current Approaches to Normal and Psychiatrically Inpaired Behaviors The Plan of This Book References 2/From Biological Organism to Adult Being Psychological Development Early Experience and Psychological Development Social Status as a Way of Life References 3/Social Competence and Societal Expectations Intellectual Development Social Development Moral Development Societal Expectations References 4/The Measurement of Social Competence The Current Scale of Social Competence Earlier Scales of Social Competence Reliability of Measurement Sex Differences in Social Competence Other Approaches to Competence References 5/Social Competence, Adaptive Potential, and Psychological Development Competence and Performance under Stress Competence and Psychological Development Performance under Stress and Psychological Development References 6/Adaptive Potential and Adaptive Failure Prevalence of Disorder Severity of Disorder Outcome of Disorder A Final Comment References 7/The Definition and Measurement of Adaptive Failure Major Forms of Pathology Problems in Classification Problems in Reliability References 8/Conceptual Issues in Adaptive Failure Attitudinal Set and Behavioral Style Symptom Patterns as Behavior Styles Behavior Style and Psychiatric Diagnosis References 9/Pathological Behavior Style, Psychological Development, and Outcome to Pathology Pathological Behavior Style and Psychological Development Behavior Style and Outcome in Disorder The Process-Reactive Distinction and Psychological Development References 10/Pathological Behavior Style and Life-Style Sphere Dominance and Life-Style Sex Identity and Life-Style Summary References 11/Culture, Life-Style, and Pathology Psychological Development, Behavior Style, and Culture Crosscultural Differences in Pathology Culture Change and Pathology References 12/The Social Bases of Adaptation and Failure The Group Pressures for Conformity The Behavior Deviations Research on Isolation and Pathology Limitations of the Sociological Framework References 13/The Interactionist View on Adaptation and Failure Types of Environment Implications for Corrective Programs References Appendix Author Index Subject Index