
Handbook of Hydrothermal Technology
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Quartz, zeolites, gemstones, perovskite type oxides, ferrite, carbon allotropes, complex coordinated compounds and many moreùall products now being produced using hydrothermal technology. Handbook of Hydrothermal Technology brings together the latest techniques in this rapidly advancing field in one exceptionally useful, long-needed volume. The handbook provides a single source for understanding how aqueous solvents or mineralizers work under temperature and pressure to dissolve and recrystallize normally insoluble materials, and decompose or recycle any waste material. The result, as the authors show in the book, is technologically the most efficient method in crystal growth, materials processing, and waste treatment. The book gives scientists and technologists an overview of the entire subject including:ò Evolution of the technology from geology to widespread industrial use.ò Descriptions of equipment used in the process and how it works.ò Problems involved with the growth of crystals, processing of technological materials, environmental and safety issues.ò Analysis of the direction of today's technology.In addition, readers get a close look at the hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites, fluorides, sulfides, tungstates, and molybdates, as well as native elements and simple oxides. Delving into the commercial production of various types, the authors clarify the effects of temperature, pressure, solvents, and various other chemical components on the hydrothermal processes.
Readership
Scientists and technologists concerned with the research and application of hydrothermal technology and crystal growth.
Table of Contents
- Hydrothermal Technology: Principles and Applications
Introduction
Definition
Mineralizers
Natural Hydrothermal Systems
Behavior of Volatiles and Other Incompatible Components
Submarine Hydrothermal Systems
Hydrothermal Crystal Growth and Materials Processing
Statistics in Plucations and Research in Hydrothermal Technology
Hydrothermal Materials Processing
References
History of Hydrothermal Technology
Introduction
References
Apparatus
Introduction
Selection of Autoclave and Autoclave Materials
Liners
Temperature and Pressure Measurements
Autoclaves and Autoclave Designs
Safety and Maintenance of Autoclaves
References
Physical Chemistry of Hydrothermal Growth of Crystals
Introduction
Basic Principles of Phase Formation under Hydrothermal Conditions
Solutions, Solubility and Kinetics of Crystallization
Thermodynamic Principles of Solubility
Kinetics of Crystallization under Hydrothermal Technology
References
Hydrothermal Growth of Some Selected Crystals
Quartz
Growth of High Quality (and Dislocation Free) Quartz Crystals
Berlinite
Gallium Phosphate
Potassium Titanyl Phosphate
Potassium Titanyl Arsenate
Calcite
Hydroxyapatite
References
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Zeolites
Introduction
Mineralogy of Zeolites
Crystal Chemistry of Zeolites
Comparison between Natural and Synthetic Zeolites
Synthesis of Zeolites
Crystal Growth
Aluminophosphate Zeolites
Growth of Zeolite Thin Films at Inorganic/Organic Interfaces
Applications of Zeolites
Oxidative Catalysis in Zeolites
References
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Complex Coordinated Crystals (Part 1)
Introduction
Crystal Chemical Background
Rare Earth Silicates
Phase Formation of Rare Earth Silicates (in Aqueous Solvents)
Crystal Chemical Significance of Phase Formation
Degree of Silification
Properties of Rare Earth Silicates
Sodium Zirconate Silicates
Growth of Selected Silicates
Hydrothermal Growth of Lithium Silicates
Hydrothermal Growth of Germanates
Properties of Germanates
Hydrothermal Growth of Phosphates
Hydrothermal Growth of Mixed Valent Metal Phosphates
Properties of Rare Earth and Mixed Valent Metal Phosphates
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Vanadates
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Borates
References
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Growth of Fluorides, Sulfides, Tungstates, Molybdates and Related Compounds
Introduction
Fluorides
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Transition Metal Fluorides
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Fluorocarbonates and Fluorophosphates
Oxyfluorinated Compounds
Physical Properties of Transition Metal Fluorides and Fluorocarbonates, Fluorophosphates, and Oxyfluorides
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tungstates
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Molybdates
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Titanates
Hydrothermal Growth of Lithium Metagallate Crystals
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Sulphides
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Selenides, Tellurides, Niobates and Tantalates
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Arsenates
References
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Native Elements and Simple Oxides
Introduction
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Native Elements
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hydroxides
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Selected Oxides
Hydrothermal Growth of Tellurium Dioxide
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Ti02 and Related Oxide Powders
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Mixed Oxides
References
Hydrothermal Processing of Materials
Introduction
Hydrothermal Preparation of Advanced Ceramics
Hydrothermal Processing of Whisker Crystals
Related Methods of Hydrothermal Processing of Materials
Hydrothermal Technology of the 21st Century
Product details
- No. of pages: 893
- Language: English
- Copyright: © William Andrew 2001
- Published: February 1, 2001
- Imprint: William Andrew
- eBook ISBN: 9780815517542
About the Authors
K. Byrappa
Dr. K Byrappa is a Professor at the University of Mysore in India. He specializes in hydrothermal te
Affiliations and Expertise
University of Mysore, India
Masahiro Yoshimura
Affiliations and Expertise
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
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