Functional Organization of Vertebrate Plasma Membrane

1st Edition, Volume 72 - November 5, 2013
Editor: Vann Bennett
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 7 0 2 7 - 8
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 7 1 1 6 - 9

Current Topics in Membranes is targeted toward scientists and researchers in biochemistry and molecular and cellular biology, providing the necessary membrane research to assist th… Read more

Functional Organization of Vertebrate Plasma Membrane

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Current Topics in Membranes is targeted toward scientists and researchers in biochemistry and molecular and cellular biology, providing the necessary membrane research to assist them in discovering the current state of a particular field and in learning where that field is heading. This volume covers recent breakthroughs in understanding the molecular and cellular basis for patterning vertebrate plasma membranes. A special emphasis is placed on physiological function with chapters covering signaling in the nervous system and heart, vision, and the immune system.

Series Page

Contributors

Preface

References

Previous Volumes in Series

Chapter One. Spectrin- and Ankyrin-Based Membrane Domains and the Evolution of Vertebrates

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 An Ancient Spectrin–Ankyrin Partnership for Coordinating Membrane-Spanning Proteins

3 Diversification of Vertebrate Ankyrins and Spectrins

4 Evolution of Spectrin–Ankyrin-Based Domains: Lessons from the Axon Initial Segment

5 Functions of Spectrin and Ankyrin in Polarized Organelle Transport

6 Summary and Perspectives

References

Chapter Two. The Human Erythrocyte Plasma Membrane: A Rosetta Stone for Decoding Membrane–Cytoskeleton Structure

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Overview of Spectrin–Actin Lattice Structure in the Membrane Skeleton

3 History

4 RBC Actin Filament Capping Proteins: Properties and Functions

5 RBC Actin Filament Side-Binding Proteins

6 Are RBC Actin Filaments Dynamic?

7 Conclusions and Future Directions

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Three. Membrane Protein Dynamics and Functional Implications in Mammalian Cells

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 The Fluid Mosaic Model and Beyond

3 Techniques for Measuring Lateral Mobility of Membrane Proteins

4 Membrane Protein Dynamics in Mammalian Cells

5 Membrane Diffusion, Physiology, and Pharmacologic Implications

References

Chapter Four. Evolving Form to Fit Function: Cardiomyocyte Intercalated Disc and Transverse-Tubule Membranes

Abstract

1 The Multifunctional Myocyte Intercalated Disc

2 Transverse Tubules

3 Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Five. Excitable Domains of Myelinated Nerves: Axon Initial Segments and Nodes of Ranvier

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Molecular Composition of AISs and Nodes of Ranvier

3 Assembly and Maintenance of AISs and Nodes of Ranvier

4 Disruption of AISs and Nodes of Ranvier in Disease and Injury

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Six. Microdomains of SNARE Proteins in the Plasma Membrane

Abstract

1 Synopsis

2 Membrane Partitioning of SNARE Proteins

3 Inner Architecture of SNARE Clusters

4 Mechanisms of SNARE Partitioning

5 The Biological Role of SNARE Clustering

6 Conclusions and Outlook

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Seven. Photoreceptor Inner and Outer Segments

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 The Anatomy of Vertebrate Photoreceptors

3 Photoreceptor Signaling

4 Organization of OS Membranes

5 Organization of IS Membranes

6 Organization of the Synaptic Membrane

7 Perspectives

References

Chapter Eight. The Evolutionary Origin of Epithelial Cell–Cell Adhesion Mechanisms

Abstract

1 Introduction

2 Functional Analysis of CCC Evolution

3 Genomic Analysis of CCC Evolution

4 Conclusion and Synthesis

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Nine. “Cell Biology Meets Physiology: Functional Organization of Vertebrate Plasma Membranes”—The Immunological Synapse

Abstract

1 Overview

2 The IS

3 Concluding Remarks and Perspectives

References

Index

Vann Bennett

Vann Bennett was born April 21, 1948 in Morganton, North Carolina. He graduated from Stanford University (Phi Beta Kappa, in biological and chemical studies) in 1970. He earned his Ph.D for work on the mechanism of action of cholera toxin with Pedro Cuatrecasas in 1974, and his M.D. in 1976 from the Johns Hopkins Medical School. He completed postdoctoral training with Daniel Branton, at the Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, where he developed an assay for measuring reconstitution of spectrin with membrane sites. He was a Staff scientist at Burroughs Wellcome, 1977-1980, where he discovered ankyrin and its role in coupling the anion exchanger to the spectrin-based membrane skeleton. He was appointed Assistant professor, 1981-1983; Associate professor, 1983-1987; and Professor 1987 in the Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. During this time he biochemically characterized spectrin and ankyrin for the first time from non-erythroid tissues, discovered with Peter Agre that spectrin deficiency is a common feature of hereditary spherocytosis, and discovered adducin and its role in recruiting spectrin to actin. He was appointed Professor of Biochemistry at Duke University Medical Center and Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in 1987, and now holds joint appointments in the Departments of Cell Biology and Neurobiology. While at Duke, he has cloned and characterized erythrocyte ankyrin, beta-2 spectrin, and adducin subunits, discovered ankyrin-G and its role in formation of axon initial segments, and ankyrin-B and its role in ankyrin-B syndrome due to ankyrin-B mutation in humans. He currently is the George Barth Geller Professor of Biochemistry and an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. His honors include Maryland’s Outstanding Young Scientist Award, 1981 a Merit Award from NIH (1990-98), election to the Johns Hopkins Society of Scholars (2004), the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2009), the National Academy of Sciences (2010), and the Association of American Physicians (2013). He has served as Chair, Keystone Symposium Membrane-Cytoskeleton Interactions (1985); Red Cell Gordon Research Conference (1987); Co-Chair with Stan Froehner, Woods Hole Conference of the Society of General Physiologists, Cytoskeletal Regulation of Membrane Function, (1996); and Chair, 2009 Program Committee of the American Society of Cell Biology. He is especially proud of the talented people who have trained in his laboratory and now direct their own research programs including Peter Agre, Kevin Gardner, Kathy Amberson Hajjar, Velia Fowler, Anthony Baines, David Virshup, Ekatarina Kordeli, Steve Lambert, and Peter Mohler.

Affiliations and expertise

Duke University Medical Center, USA