Fluorine Chemistry V3

Preface

Acknowledgments

Fluoroacetate

Acute Human Poisoning

Species Variations

Occurrence in Nature

Chemical Factors

Cause of Death

Pharmacological Properties

Essential Biochemical Lesions

Citrate Concentration Increase

Nature of the Inhibitor

Evidence for Fluorocitrate

The Sites of Inhibition

Aconitase

Condensing Enzyme

Acetoacetate Formation

Amine Acetylation

Thiol Esters

Transacetylases

Phosphotransacetylase

F-Sensitive System

Pigeon Liver Preparation

Other Sources

Metabolic Mechanisms: Summary

Structure-Toxicity Relations

Phosphofluoridates

Toxicity of DFP and Derivatives

DFP Metabolism

Studies of DFP32 Metabolism

Enzymes Hydrolyzing DFP (DFPases)

Acute Effects of Organofluorine Compounds in Experimental Animals

Plan of Review

Inhalation Toxicity

Effects of Acute Doses of Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds

Anesthetic Effects

Local Anesthetics

Mephenesin Analogs

Sympathomimetic Amines

Metabolic Effects of Tyrosine Analogs


9α-Fluorocorticosteroids

Effects of Organic Fluorine Compounds on Enzyme Systems

Anti-Tumor Action

Effects of Organofluorine Compounds on Microorganisms

Antimalarials

Fungistats

Viruses

Miscellaneous Pharmacological Effects of Organic Fluorides

Rodent Repellency

Organic Fluorine Compounds Useful as Insecticides

Chronic Experimental Intoxication

Miscellaneous

Tables

Table I. Acute Fatal Intoxication Caused by Sodium Fluoroacetate

Table II. Acute, Nonfatal Intoxications Caused by Sodium Fluoroacetate

Table III. Lethal Doses of Sodium Fluoroacetate in Various Species

Table IV. Mean Lethal Dose (LD50) of Sodium Fluoroacetate in Various Species

Table V. Mean Lethal Dose (LD50) of Methyl Fluoroacetate in Various Species

Table VI. Mean Lethal Dose (LD50) of Organic Compounds Containing the C-F Link

Table VII. Metabolic Interference in Systems Utilizing Pyruvate and Acetate

Table VIII. Increase in Citrate Concentration Due to FAc

Table IX. Inhibition of Citrate Oxidation

Table X. Citric Acid Content of Rat Tissues in Vivo following Injection of Fluoroacetate

Table XI. The Toxicity of and Citrate Accumulation Caused by Representative Even and Odd ω-Fluoro Compounds Administered to Mice

Table XII. Comparative Toxicities of DFP, Sarin, and Tabun in the Mouse

Table XIII. Mean Lethal Dose (LD50) of Diisopropyl Phosphofluoridate in Various Species

Table XIV. Mean Lethal Dose (LD50) of Organic Fluorophosphate Compounds

Table XV. Hydrolysis of Diisopropyl Phosphofluoridate by Tissue Extracts

Table XVI. Acute Doses of Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds in Various Species

Table XVII. Approximate Lethal Concentration of Fire Extinguisher Compounds in Order of Increasing Toxicity

Table XVIII. Toxic Effects of Fluorocarbons by Inhalation

Table XIX. Miscellaneous Effects of Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds

Table XX. Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds Tested for Anesthetic Properties

Table XXI. Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Activities of Fluorocorticosteroids

Table XXII. Effects of Fluorine-Containing Compounds on Enzyme Systems

Table XXIII. Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds Tested as Tumor Inhibitors in the Mouse

Table XXIV. Effects of Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds upon Microorganisms

Table XXV. Fluorine-Containing Compounds Tested as Antimalarial Agents

Table XXVI. Additional Fluorine-Containing Compounds Tested as Antimalarials

Table XXVII. Effects of Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds upon Fungi

Table XXVIII. Breaking Strength of Cotton Thread Treated with Fungicides and Exposed 14 Days to Mycothecium verrucario

Table XXIX. Repellency Index for Rats of Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds

Table XXX. Activity of Difluorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DFDT) against Pests

Table XXXI. Activity of Miscellaneous Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds against Pests

Table XXXII. Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds Tested as Plant Growth Regulators

Table XXXIII. Experimental Chronic Intoxication in the Rat Produced by Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds

Table XXXIV. Organ Systems of the Rat Affected in Chronic Intoxication Produced by Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds

References

Bibliographical Supplement (1959-1961)

Subject Index