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Flow Analysis with Spectrophotometric and Luminometric Detection
1st Edition
Authors:
- eBook ISBN 9780123859259
- Print ISBN 9780123859242
Description
With the ever increasing number of samples to be assayed in agronomical laboratories and servicing stations, fertilizer and food industries, sugar factories, water treatment plants, biomedical laboratories, drug quality control, and environmental research, the interest for automated chemical analysis has been increasing.
In this context, flow analysis is very attractive, as they the flow-based procedures are characterized by enhanced analytical figures of merit. Moreover, the flow analysers do not usually require sophisticated and expensive instrumentation, are amenable to full automation and to miniaturization, and are well suited for in situ analyses.
The tendency to carry out traditional methods of analysis in the flow analyser has becoming more pronounced, especially in relation to large-scale routine analyses. The technology of solution handling has become more and more improved, leading to enhanced strategies for chemical assays. Consequently, different modalities of flow analysis (e.g. SFA, FIA, SIA) have been conceived, developed and applied to solve real problems. Most of the flow-based analytical procedures presently in use, however, do not exploit the full potential of flow analysis.
The main object of the book is then to provide a scientific basis and to familiarise a wide community of researchers, students, technicians, etc with the uses of flow analysis. Emphasis is given to spectrophotometric and luminometric detection, in relation to agronomical, geological, industrial, pharmaceutical and environmental applications.
The book includes historical and theoretical aspects, recent achievements in instrumentation, guidelines for methodology implementation, and applications. It serves also as an applications-oriented text book.
Key Features
- Detailed historical and theoretical background
- Various modes of operation
- Spectrophotometric and luminometric detection
- Strategies for solution handling
- Large number of applications
Readership
Researchers, students, consultants and practitioners in flow analysis, spectrophotometry, luminescence, flow injection analysis, sequential injection analysis and segmented flow analysis.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1. General
1.2. The advent of Flow Analysis
1.3. The development of Flow Analysis
1.4. Main features of Flow Analysis
1.4.1. Sample insertion
1.4.2. Sample dispersion
1.4.3. Reproducible timing
1.4.4. Other attractive features
Transient analytical signal
Low susceptibility to biased results
Improved system design
- Aims and scope of the monograph
Appendix 1.1. Important monographs related to Flow Analysis
Appendix 1.2. Journal Special Issues dedicated to Conferences on Flow Analysis
2. Historical view
2.1. Early developments
2.2. Segmented flow analysis
2.3. Flow injection analysis
2.4. Sequential injection analysis
2.4.1. Bead injection analysis
2.4.2. Lab-on-valve
2.5. Multi-commuted flow analysis
2.5.1. Multi-syringe flow injection analysis
2.5.2. Multi-pumping flow analysis
2.6. Other flow systems
2.7. Commutation in flow analysis
2.8. Flow pattern
2.9. Instrument characteristics
2.10. Trends
3. Fundamentals
3.1. The flowing sample
3.1.1. Flow pattern
3.1.1.1. Flow regime
3.1.1.2. Composition of the flowing stream
Tandem stream
Mono-segmented stream
3.1.1.3. Temporal variations in flow rates
Constant flow
Pulsating flow
Sinusoidal flow
Reversed flow
Linearly-variable flow
Intermittent flow
Pulsed flow
3.1.1.4. Alterations to the flow pattern
3.1.2. Sample dispersion
3.1.2.1. Dispersion inside a tubular reactor
3.1.2.2. Dispersion inside a mixing chamber
Improved mixing conditions
High sample dispersion
Exponential dilution
Establishment of fluidized beads
Manifold compo
Details
- No. of pages:
- 472
- Language:
- English
- Copyright:
- © 2012
About the authors
Elias Ayres Guidetti Zagatto
Affiliations and Expertise
CENA, University of São Paulo, Brazil
Universidade de Sao Paulo, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Brazil
Claudio Oliveira
Affiliations and Expertise
University of Maringa, Brazil
Alan Townshend
Alan Townshend holds B.Sc., Ph.D. and D.Sc., degrees from the University of Birmingham, where he lectured in analytical chemistry from 1964-80. He moved to the University of Hull in 1980, and became Professor of Analytical Chemistry in 1984. He has served twice as Dean of the School of Chemistry, and currently holds the G.F. Grant Chair of Chemistry. He is also Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Science, and Director of the Institute for Chemistry in Industry. He has published ca. 300 scientific papers, his main research interests currently being in analytical applications of chemiluminscence and of immobilised reagents (especially enzymes) and in flow injection analysis.
Professor Townshend is a senior editor of Analytica Chimica Acta, and was Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Analytical Science (Academic Press, 1985) and the Dictionary of Analytical Reagents (Chapman and Hall, 1993). He was President of the Analytical Division of the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) (1996-98) and is currently Chairman of the RSC's Committee for Accreditation and Validation. He serves on the Steering Group of the UK Analytical Partnership and has recently completed a 4-year stint on the Council of the Analytical Chemistry Division of the Federation of European Chemical Societies.
Affiliations and Expertise
University of Hull, UK
University of Hull, Department of Chemistry, United Kingdom
Paul Worsfold
Affiliations and Expertise
University of Plymouth, UK
Reviews
"The book is clearly written and comprehensive. This monograph could be used as a textbook both for advanced courses and for experienced researchers in different fields who would like to obtain detailed information about flow techniques."--Anal Bioanal Chem, 2012, Volume 403