Exploring Monte Carlo Methods
1st Edition
Description
Exploring Monte Carlo Methods is a basic text that describes the numerical methods that have come to be known as "Monte Carlo." The book treats the subject generically through the first eight chapters and, thus, should be of use to anyone who wants to learn to use Monte Carlo. The next two chapters focus on applications in nuclear engineering, which are illustrative of uses in other fields. Five appendices are included, which provide useful information on probability distributions, general-purpose Monte Carlo codes for radiation transport, and other matters. The famous "Buffon’s needle problem" provides a unifying theme as it is repeatedly used to illustrate many features of Monte Carlo methods.
This book provides the basic detail necessary to learn how to apply Monte Carlo methods and thus should be useful as a text book for undergraduate or graduate courses in numerical methods. It is written so that interested readers with only an understanding of calculus and differential equations can learn Monte Carlo on their own. Coverage of topics such as variance reduction, pseudo-random number generation, Markov chain Monte Carlo, inverse Monte Carlo, and linear operator equations will make the book useful even to experienced Monte Carlo practitioners.
Key Features
- Provides a concise treatment of generic Monte Carlo methods
- Proofs for each chapter
- Appendixes include Certain mathematical functions; Bose Einstein functions, Fermi Dirac functions, Watson functions
Readership
For undergraduate or graduate courses in numerical methods and users of large, general-purpose Monte Carlo codes
Table of Contents
Praise for Exploring Monte Carlo Methods
Dedication
Preface
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 What Is Monte Carlo?
1.2 A Brief History of Monte Carlo
1.3 Monte Carlo as Quadrature
1.4 Monte Carlo as Simulation
1.5 Preview of Things to Come
1.6 Summary
Problems
Chapter 2: The Basis of Monte Carlo
2.1 Single Continuous Random Variables
2.2 Discrete Random Variables
2.3 Multiple Random Variables
2.4 The Law of Large Numbers
2.5 The Central Limit Theorem
2.6 Monte Carlo Quadrature
2.7 Monte Carlo Simulation
2.8 Summary
Problems
Chapter 3: Pseudorandom Number Generators
3.1 Linear Congruential Generators
3.2 Structure of the Generated Random Numbers
3.3 Characteristics of Good Random Number Generators
3.4 Tests for Congruential Generators
3.5 Practical Multiplicative Congruential Generators
3.6 Shuffling a Generator’s Output
3.7 Skipping Ahead
3.8 Combining Generators
3.9 Other Random Number Generators
3.10 Summary
Problems
Chapter 4: Sampling, Scoring, and Precision
4.1 Sampling
4.2 Scoring
4.3 Accuracy and Precision
4.4 Summary
Problems
Chapter 5: Variance Reduction Techniques
5.1 Use of Transformations
5.2 Importance Sampling
5.3 Systematic Sampling
5.4 Stratified Sampling
5.5 Correlated Sampling
5.6 Partition of the Integration Volume
5.7 Reduction of Dimensionality
5.8 Russian Roulette and Splitting
5.9 Combinations of Different Variance Reduction Techniques
5.10 Biased Estimators
5.11 Improved Monte Carlo Integration Schemes
5.12 Summary
Problems
Chapter 6: Markov Chain Monte Carlo
6.1 Markov Chains to the Rescue
6.2 Brief Review of Probability Concepts
6.3 Bayes Theorem
6.4 Inference and Decision Applications
6.5 Summary
Problems
Chapter 7: Inverse Monte Carlo
7.1 Formulation of the Inverse Problem
7.2 Inverse Monte Carlo by Iteration
7.3 Symbolic Monte Carlo
7.4 Inverse Monte Carlo by Simulation
7.5 General Applications of IMC
7.6 Summary
Problems
Chapter 8: Linear Operator Equations
8.1 Linear Algebraic Equations
8.2 Linear Integral Equations
8.3 Linear Differential Equations
8.4 Eigenvalue Problems
8.5 Summary
Problems
Chapter 9: The Fundamentals of Neutral Particle Transport
9.1 Description of the Radiation Field
9.2 Radiation Interactions with the Medium
9.3 Transport Equation
9.4 Adjoint Transport Equation
9.5 Summary
Problems
Chapter 10: Monte Carlo Simulation of Neutral Particle Transport
10.1 Basic Approach for Monte Carlo Transport Simulations
10.2 Geometry
10.3 Sources
10.4 Path-Length Estimation
10.5 Purely Absorbing Media
10.6 Type of Collision
10.7 Time Dependence
10.8 Particle Weights
10.9 Scoring and Tallies
10.10 An Example of One-Speed Particle Transport
10.11 Monte Carlo Based on the Integral Transport Equation
10.12 Variance Reduction and Nonanalog Methods
10.13 Summary
Problems
Some Common Probability Distributions
The Weak and Strong Laws of Large Numbers
Central Limit Theorem
Some Popular Monte Carlo Codes for Particle Transport
Minimal Standard Pseudorandom Number Generator
Index
Details
- No. of pages:
- 398
- Language:
- English
- Copyright:
- © Elsevier Science 2011
- Published:
- 6th April 2011
- Imprint:
- Elsevier Science
- eBook ISBN:
- 9780080930619
- Hardcover ISBN:
- 9780444515759
About the Author
William Dunn
Dr. Bill Dunn graduated with a BS degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Notre Dame and MS and PhD degrees in Nuclear Engineering from North Carolina State University (NCSU). He was employed by Carolina Power & Light Company for four years and then served on the faculty and staff of the Nuclear Engineering Department at NCSU for two years. From 1979 until 2002, Dr. Dunn was involved in contract research. From 1988 until 2002, he was President of Quantum Research Services. He is now Professor and former Department Head of the Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Department at Kansas State University. He is an editor of the journal Radiation Physics and Chemistry and Treasurer of the International Radiation Physics Society. In 2015, Dr. Dunn was recognized with the Radiation Science and Technology Award by the American Nuclear Society.
Affiliations and Expertise
Kansas State University, Department of Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering, Manhattan, U.S.A.
J. Kenneth Shultis
J. Kenneth Shultis, born in Toronto, Canada, graduated from the University of Toronto with a BASc degree in Engineering Physics (1964). He gained his MS (1965) and PhD (1968) degrees in Nuclear Science and Engineering from the University of Michigan. After a postdoctoral year at the Mathematics Institute of the University of Groningen, the Netherlands, he joined the Nuclear Engineering faculty at Kansas State University in 1969. He teaches and conducts research in radiation transport, radiation shielding, Monte Carlo methods, reactor physics, optimization of new type of radiation detectors, numerical analysis, particle combustion, remote sensing, and utility energy and economic analyses. He is a Fellow of the American Nuclear Society, and has received many awards for his teaching and research. Dr. Shultis is the author or co-author of 6 text books on radiation shielding, radiological assessment, nuclear science and technology, and Monte Carlo methods. He has written over 200 research papers and reports, and served as a consultant to many private and governmental organizations.
Affiliations and Expertise
Kansas State University, Department of Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering, Manhattan, U.S.A.
Reviews
"Anyone interested in learning about the basics of the Monte Carlo method, and its potential applications, will find this an excellent book…ideal book for an undergraduate or graduate course in mathematics or statistics." --IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine
"Emphasizing the burgeoning practical applications rather than strict mathematical rigor of methods that have been used for about a century, this text is intended as an introduction for undergraduate or graduate courses, as a self-teaching guide, and as a reference. The first eight chapters are generic and are relevant to applications in any field. They include discussion of history and definition; the basis; sampling, scoring, and precision; variance reduction techniques; Markov chain and inverse Monte Carlo; and linear operator equations. Following are two chapters on radiation transport, a field familiar to authors William L. Dunn and J. Kenneth Shultis (both are nuclear engineers affiliated with Kansas State U.), but the focus remains on general principles that can be applied in many fields. Each chapter includes examples and problems and exercises. Five appendices contain supporting material." --Reference and Research Book News
"Overall, the book is very well written, and the contents are concisely and logically introduced. It should be very useful as a textbook for undergraduate or graduate courses in numerical methods employing Monte Carlo techniques like molecular simulations." --Contemporary Physics