Essential Herbs and Natural Supplements

1st Edition - January 19, 2017
Authors: Lesley Braun, Marc Cohen
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 7 2 9 5 - 4 2 6 8 - 5
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 7 2 9 5 - 8 6 5 2 - 8
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 7 2 9 5 - 8 6 5 3 - 5

Essential Herbs and Natural Supplements is an evidence-based quick reference guide. This go-to resource is essential for safe and effective clinical recommendations… Read more

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Essential Herbs and Natural Supplements is an evidence-based quick reference guide.

This go-to resource is essential for safe and effective clinical recommendations of herbal medicines and natural supplements. It provides current, evidence-based monographs on the 50 most commonly used herbs, nutrients and food supplements.

It emphasises safe practice with strategies to prevent adverse drug reactions, guidelines in assessing benefit, risk and harm and the evaluation of research.

Cover image
Title Page
Table of Contents
Copyright
About the Authors
Contributors
Reviewers
Preface
Herbal and natural supplements
1 Introduction to Herbal Medicine
Herbs, Drugs and Phytochemicals
Pharmacognosy
Chemical Complexity
Synergistic Interactions
Key Constituent Groups
Chemotherapeutics Versus Herbalism
Product Variation and Standardisation
Standardisation
Herbal Safety
Interactions with Pharmaceutical Drugs
References
2 Introduction to Clinical Nutrition
Consequences of Poor Nutrition
Food Under the Microscope
Nutritional Deficiencies
Nutritional Genomics
References
Clinical Practice
3 Safety of Complementary Medicines
A Brief History of Medication Safety
What is Safety?
Regulation and Product Information
ADR Incidence
The Rational Use of Herbal and Natural Medicines
References
4 Interactions with Herbal and Natural Medicines
Interaction Mechanisms
Putting Theory Into Practice
Two Medicines Requiring Special Attention
The Rational Use of Herbal and Natural Medicines
References
5 Herbs and Natural Supplements in Pregnancy
Introduction
Part 1 — Herbs and Natural Supplements Used in Pregnancy
Part Two — Safety in Pregnancy
Part Three — Advising Patients in Clinical Practice
Appendix 5.1 Nutrients during pregnancy
Appendix 5.2 NHMRC dosage recommendations for pregnancy
References
Monographs
Alpha lipoic acid
Historical Note
Other Names
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Andrographis
Historical Note
Common Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Parts Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Astragalus
Historical Note
Common Name
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Black cohosh
Historical Note
Common Name
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Parts Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Safety
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Brahmi
Historical Note
Common Name
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Parts Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Calcium
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Chaste tree
Historical Note
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Chondroitin
Other Names
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Chromium
Historical Note
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Coenzyme Q10
Other Names
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Cranberry
Historical Note
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Devil's claw
Historical Note
Common Names
Botanical Name/Family
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
Contraindications and Precautions
Pregnancy Use
References
Echinacea
Historical Note
Common Name
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Parts Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Feverfew
Historical Note
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Fish oils
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Folate
Historical Note
Other Names
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics and Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency
Main Actions
Clinical Use
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Garlic
Historical Note
Common Name
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Ginger
Historical Note
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Pharmacokinetics
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Ginkgo biloba
Historical Note
Common Name
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Parts Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Glucosamine
Other Names
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Green tea
Historical Note
Common Name
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Iodine
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Significant Interactions
References
Iron
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
L-Glutamine
Historical Note
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
L-Lysine
Background
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Lutein and zeaxanthin
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Magnesium
Historical Note
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Possible Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Toxicity
Significant Interactions
References
New Zealand green-lipped mussel
Historical note
Background and relevant pharmacokinetics
Chemical components
Main actions
Other actions
Clinical use
Other uses
Dosage range
Toxicity
Adverse reactions
Significant interactions
References
Passionflower
Historical Note
Common Name
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Parts Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Pelargonium
Historical Note
Common Name
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Parts Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Prebiotics
Historical Note
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Probiotics
Historical Note
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe)
Historical Note
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Schisandra
Historical Note
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Selenium
Historical Note
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Ginseng — Siberian
Historical Note
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Slippery elm
Historical Note
Common Name
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
St John's wort
Historical Note
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Parts Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
St Mary's thistle
Historical Note
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Chelates iron and decreases iron excess
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Turmeric
Historical Note
Common Name
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Antioxidant
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Valerian
Historical Note
Common Name
Other Names
Botanical Name/Family
Plant Part Used
Chemical Components
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Post-menopausal women with insomnia
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Vitamin B1
Historical Note
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Supplemental Forms
Significant Interactions
Contraindications and Precautions
Pregnancy Use
References
Vitamin B12
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Vitamin B2 — riboflavin
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
Contraindications and Precautions
Pregnancy Use
References
Vitamin B5 — pantothenic acid
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Adrenal Cortex Function and Neurotransmitter Synthesis
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Vitamin B6
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
Contraindications and Precautions
Pregnancy Use
References
Vitamin C
Historical Note
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Vitamin D
Historical Note
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Vitamin E
Historical Note
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Main Actions
Other Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Zinc
Background and Relevant Pharmacokinetics
Chemical Components
Food Sources
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Primary Deficiency (Table 1)
Secondary Deficiency
Main Actions
Clinical Use
Other Uses
Dosage Range
Toxicity
Adverse Reactions
Significant Interactions
References
Index

Lesley Braun

Dr Lesley Braun is a registered pharmacist and naturopath. She holds a PhD from RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia, in which she investigated the integration of complementary medicine into hospitals in Victoria. Dr Braun is an Adjunct associate Professor of Integrative Medicine at the National Institute of Complementary Medicine at the University of Western Sydney in Australia. NICM provides leadership and support for strategically directed research into complementary medicine and translation of evidence into clinical practice and relevant policy to benefit the health of all Australians.

Dr Braun serves on the Australian Therapeutic Goods Advisory Council which oversees the implementation of TGA reforms and provides general strategic guidance to the TGA, advice on relationships and communication with stakeholders. She is also on the executive for the Complementary and Integrative Therapies interest group of the Clinical Oncology Society of Australia and an advisory board member to the Australasian Integrative Medicine Association. As of 2014, she is also the Director of Blackmore’s Institute, the academic and professional arm of Blackmores, which entails engaging with a broad range of academics, government and industry bodies and overseeing a comprehensive academic and research program.

Since 1996 she has authored numerous chapters for books and more than 100 articles, and since 2000 has written regular columns for the Australian Journal of Pharmacy and the Journal of Complementary Medicine. She lectures to medical students at Monash University and to chiropractic students at RMIT University, and is regularly invited to present at national and international conferences about evidence-based complementary medicine, drug interactions, complementary medicine safety and her own clinical research.

Her role as the main author of Herbs and Natural Supplements — An Evidence-based Guide represents a continuation of a life-long goal to integrate evidence-based complementary medicine into standard practice and improve patient outcomes safely and effectively.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor of Integrative Medicine (Hon) National institute of Complementary Medicine, University of Western Sydney, NSW, Australia Senior Research Fellow (Hon), Monash/Alfred Psychiatric Research Centre, VIC, Australia

Marc Cohen

Professor Marc Cohen is one of Australia’s pioneers of integrative and holistic medicine who has made significant impacts on education, research, clinical practice and policy. He is a medical doctor and Professor of Health Sciences at RMIT University where he leads postgraduate Wellness Programs and supervises research into wellness and holistic health including research on yoga, meditation, nutrition, herbal medicine, acupuncture, lifestyle and the health impact of pesticides, organic food and detoxification. Prof Cohen sits on the Board of a number of national and international associations including the Australasian Integrative Medicine Association, the Global Spa and Wellness Summit and the Australasian Spa and Wellness Association, as well as serving on the Editorial Board of several international peer-reviewed journals. Prof Cohen has published more than 80 peer-reviewed journal articles and co-edited the text ‘Understanding the Global Spa Industry’, along with more than 10 other books on holistic approaches to health. He is a frequent speaker at many national and international conferences where he delivers inspiring, informative and uplifting presentations. His impact on the field has been recognised by four consecutive RMIT Media Star Awards as well as the inaugural Award for Leadership and Collaboration from the National Institute of Complementary Medicine.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor at School of Health Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne