Environmentally Friendly Polymer Nanocomposites
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Environmentally Friendly Polymer Nanocomposites

Types, Processing and Properties

1st Edition - July 31, 2013

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  • Author: Suprakas Sinha Ray
  • Hardcover ISBN: 9780857097774
  • eBook ISBN: 9780857097828

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Description

Concerns about global warming and the depletion of oil reserves have led to significant research into more sustainable composite materials made from natural materials. Recently, research has focussed on the development of nanoscale reinforcements for this new group of composites, significantly improving and extending their range of desirable properties. Environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites summarises this wealth of research and its practical implications.After an introduction to the subject, part one looks at matrix and reinforcement materials as well as their characterisation. Part two reviews key properties such as tensile and dynamic mechanical properties and thermal stability. It also considers issues such as barrier properties, biodegradability, rheology, electrical and thermal conductivity. The book concludes by reviewing potential applications.This book is ideal for polymer and material scientists, researchers and engineers. It will also help industrial researchers and R&D managers who want to bring advanced eco-friendly polymer composite-based products into the market.

Key Features

  • Summarises the practical implications of the development of nanoscale reinforcements for sustainable composite materials made from natural materials
  • Examines matrix and reinforcement materials and their characterisation and reviews key properties such as tensile and dynamic mechanical properties
  • Considers barrier properties, biodegradability, rheology, electrical and thermal conductivity and potential applications

Readership

Polymer and materials scientists; Researchers, engineers, professors of polymer nanocomposites; Industrial researchers and R&D managers

Table of Contents

  • About the author

    Woodhead Publishing Series in Composites Science and Engineering

    Preface

    Part I: Types, processing and characterization

    Chapter 1: Introduction to environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites

    Abstract:

    1.1 Introduction

    1.2 Defining environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites

    1.3 Environmentally friendly polymer matrices

    1.4 Environmentally friendly nanofillers/reinforcements

    1.5 Processing of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites

    1.6 Solution-blending and in-situ polymerization

    1.7 Melt-blending

    1.8 Performance and potential of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites

    Chapter 2: Environmentally friendly polymer matrices for composites

    Abstract:

    2.1 Introduction

    2.2 Mechanisms of biodegradation and classification of biodegradable polymers

    2.3 Biodegradable polymers derived from renewable sources

    2.4 Biodegradable polymers derived from fossil-fuel resources

    2.5 Summary: using biodegradable polymers as matrices

    Chapter 3: Environmentally friendly nanofillers as reinforcements for composites

    Abstract:

    3.1 Introduction

    3.2 Nanoclays as reinforcements

    3.3 Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as reinforcements

    Chapter 4: Techniques for characterizing the structure and properties of polymer nanocomposites

    Abstract:

    4.1 Introduction

    4.2 X-ray diffraction (XRD) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)

    4.3 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron tomography

    4.4 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM)

    4.5 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and focused-ion beam SEM (FIB-SEM)

    4.6 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)

    4.7 Optical microscopy (OM) and polarized optical microscopy (POM)

    4.8 Infrared (IR) spectroscopy

    4.9 Other techniques

    Chapter 5: Environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using polymer matrices from renewable sources

    Abstract:

    5.1 Introduction

    5.2 Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based polymer nanocomposites

    5.3 Polyalkanoate (PHA)-based polymer nanocomposites

    5.4 Starch-based polymer nanocomposites

    5.5 Cellulose-based polymer nanocomposites

    5.6 Chitosan-based polymer nanocomposites

    5.7 Protein-based polymer nanocomposites

    Chapter 6: Environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using polymer matrices from fossil fuel sources

    Abstract:

    6.1 Introduction

    6.2 Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)-based polymer nanocomposites

    6.3 Poly[(butylene succinate)-co-adipate] (PBSA)-based polymer nanocomposites

    6.4 Poly(e -caproloctone) (PCL)-based polymer nanocomposites

    6.5 Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) nanocomposites

    6.6 Nanocomposites of other biodegradable polyesters

    Chapter 7: Processing of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposite foams for packaging and other applications

    Abstract:

    7.1 Introduction

    7.2 Preparation, characterization and properties of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposite (EFPN) foams

    Part II: Properties

    Chapter 8: Tensile properties of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using biodegradable polymer matrices and clay/carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcements

    Abstract:

    8.1 Introduction

    8.2 Tensile properties of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites (EFPNCs) using clay reinforcements

    8.3 Tensile properties of EFPNCs using carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcements

    Chapter 9: Dynamic mechanical properties of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using biodegradable polymer matrices and clay/carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcements

    Abstract:

    9.1 Introduction

    9.2 Dynamic mechanical properties of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using clay reinforcements

    9.3 Dynamic mechanical properties of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcements

    Chapter 10: Thermal stability and flammability of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using biodegradable polymer matrices and clay/carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcements

    Abstract:

    10.1 Introduction

    10.2 Thermal stability of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using clay reinforcements

    10.3 Thermal stability of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcements

    10.4 Fire resistant properties of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using biodegradable polymer matrices and clay/carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcements

    Chapter 11: Barrier properties of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using biodegradable polymer matrices and clay/carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcements

    Abstract:

    11.1 Introduction

    11.2 Gas barrier properties

    11.3 Water vapor permeability and water swelling behavior

    Chapter 12: Crystallization behavior, kinetics and morphology of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using biodegradable polymer matrices and clay/carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcements

    Abstract:

    12.1 Introduction

    12.2 Isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization kinetics

    12.3 Crystallization of clay-reinforced polymer nanocomposites

    12.4 Crystallization of carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced polymer nanocomposites

    Chapter 13: Biodegradation behavior of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using biodegradable polymer matrices and clay/carbon (CNT) reinforcements

    Abstract:

    13.1 Introduction

    13.2 Biodegradation behavior of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using clay reinforcements

    13.3 Biodegradable behavior of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites using carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcements

    Chapter 14: Rheological properties of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites (EFPNCs) using biodegradable polymer matrices and clay/carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcements

    Abstract:

    14.1 Introduction

    14.2 Dynamic oscillatory shear measurements

    14.3 Steady shear measurements

    14.4 Elongation flow rheology

    Chapter 15: Electrical and thermal conductivity of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites (EFPNCs) using biodegradable polymer matrices and clay/carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcements

    Abstract:

    15.1 Introduction

    15.2 Electrical conductivity

    15.3 Thermal conductivity

    Part III: Summary

    Chapter 16: Applications, environmental impact and future development of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites (EFPNCs)

    Abstract:

    16.1 Introduction

    16.2 Applications of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites

    16.3 Assessing the environmental impact of environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites

    16.4 Current challenges facing environmentally friendly polymer nanocomposites

    16.5 Future trends

    Index

Product details

  • No. of pages: 512
  • Language: English
  • Copyright: © Woodhead Publishing 2013
  • Published: July 31, 2013
  • Imprint: Woodhead Publishing
  • Hardcover ISBN: 9780857097774
  • eBook ISBN: 9780857097828

About the Author

Suprakas Sinha Ray

Professor Suprakas Sinha Ray is a Chief Research Scientist and Manager of the Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa. His current research focuses on the applications of advanced nanostructured & polymeric materials. He is one of the most active and highly cited authors in the field of polymer nanocomposite materials, and he has recently been rated by Thomson Reuters as being one of the top 1% most impactful and influential scientists and top 50 high impact chemists. He is the author of 7 authored books, co-author of 5 edited books, 32 book chapters on various aspects of polymer-based nanostructured materials & their applications, and author and co-author of 430 articles in high-impact international journals.

Affiliations and Expertise

Chief Research Scientist and Manager of the Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa

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