Environmental Toxicology of Pesticides

Environmental Toxicology of Pesticides provides an overview of the state of knowledge in the major pesticidal subject areas and describes the efforts and approaches underway in solving or understanding these problems. The book emerged from the United States-Japan seminar on ""Environmental Toxicology of Pesticides"" held in Oiso, Japan, in October 1971. The purpose of the seminar was to discuss and exchange ideas and technology on the problems associated with pesticidal contamination in these two countries.
The book is organized into eight parts. Part I reviews pesticide use and contamination levels in Japan, the United States, and Britain. Part II examines the environmental impact of mercury. Part III presents studies on chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides. Part IV examines the effects of fungicides, herbicides, organophosphates, and carbamates. Part V deals with the microbial degradation of pesticides. Part VI examines the photodecomposition of pesticides. Part VII investigates the biological effects of pesticides on wildlife. Part VIII deals with the development of new pesticides.

Contributors Preface Part I. Introduction: Patterns of Pesticide Usage and Occurrence of Residues Impact of Pesticide Use on the Japanese Environment Current Pesticide Situation in the United States Pesticides in Britain Part II. Mercury Transformation in the Environment Microbial Conversion of Mercury Compounds Research on the Distribution and Accumulation of Organomercurials in Animal Bodies Human Toxicology of Mercury Residue Analysis of Organomercury Fungicides Sprayed on Rice Plants Part III. Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Insecticides in the Environment Factors Related to Bioconcentration of Pesticides BHC Residues in the Environment Contamination of Milk with Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Pesticides Long-Distance Transport of Pesticides Part IV. Fungicides, Herbicides, Organophosphates, and Carbamates Phytotoxic Metabolites of Pentachlorobenzyl Alcohol Metabolism of Organophosphorus Insecticides in Plants Degradation of Organophosphorus Fungicides Metabolism of Pesticides in Higher Plants Part V. Microbial Influence on Pesticide Degradation Microbial Degradation of Pesticides Degradation of Several Herbicides in Soils under Different Conditions Ecological Aspects of Pesticide-Microbial Relationships Part VI. Photodecomposition of Pesticides Photonucleophilic Reactions of Pesticides The Photochemistry of Several Pesticides Role of Photosensitizers in Alteration of Pesticide Residues in Sunlight Part VII. Toxic Effect of Pesticide Residues on Wildlife Ecosystemic Transferal of Pesticides Residues in an Aquatic Environment Effects of Pesticides on Fish and Wildlife Studies of Insecticide Detoxication in Invertebrates: An Enzymological Approach to the Problem of Biological Magnification Biological Effects of Toxic Pesticidal Contaminants and Terminal Residues Spectral Changes of Chloroplasts as a Means to Examine P