Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC)

Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC): A Manual provides a comprehensive summary of the EKC, summarizing work on this economic tool that can analyze environmental pollution problems. By enabling users to reconcile environmental and economic development policies, Environmental Kuznets Curve studies lend themselves to the investigation of the energy-growth nexus and finance-energy nexus. It obviates a dependence on outmoded tools such as carrying capacity, externalities, ecosystem valuation, and cost benefit analysis while encouraging flexible approaches to a variety of challenges.

• Provides a comprehensive summary of EKC studies, including advances in econometrics, literature reviews, and historical perspectives
• Outlines solutions to common problems in applying EKC techniques by reviewing major case studies
• Explores frequently-utilized proxies for environmental quality

Upper-division undergraduates through professionals working on environmental economics subjects, especially in developing economies

Part 1: Introduction
1.1 A Historical Perspective for the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC)

Part 2: The EKC Literature
2.1. Early Studies (modelling only the income-environmental quality nexus)
2.2. Recent studies (extending basic EKC model by adding more variables)
2.3. Single country vs. multiple countries studies
2.4 Major research questions that need to be answered in the EKC research field

Part 3: The econometrics of the EKC studies
3.1 Data selection and EKC models (EKC models, data choice, data sources, missing data, balanced and unbalanced panels)
3.2 Time-series analysis (stationarity, cointegration and causality)
3.3 Panel data analysis (stationarity, cointegration and causality)

Part 4. The EKC checklist for authors

Part 5. Conclusion