Engineering Geology
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Engineering Geology attempts to provide an understanding of relations between the geology of a building site and the engineering structure. It presents examples taken from real-life experience and practice to provide evidence for the significance of engineering geology in planning, design, construction, and maintenance of engineering structures. The book begins with an introduction of geological investigations, distinguishing between the reconnaissance investigation, the detailed investigation, and investigation during construction. It then explains the significance of geological maps and sections; the mechanical behavior of rocks; subsurface investigation for engineering construction; and geophysical methods. The remaining chapters discuss the physical and chemical weathering of rocks; slope movements; and geological investigations for buildings, roads and railways, tunnels, and hydraulic structures. This book is intended particularly for civil engineering students and students of engineering geology in the university faculties of natural sciences. It describes geological features so as to be comprehensible to Technical College students and to explain construction problems intelligibly for geology students. The book will also be of assistance to planners, civil engineers, and graduate engineering geologists.
Table of Contents
Preface
Introduction
Co-operation of geologists with engineers
Chapter 1. Geological Investigations
1.1. Reconnaissance investigation
1.2. Detailed geological investigation
1.3. Geological investigation during construction
Chapter 2. Geological Maps and Sections
2.1. Types of geological maps
2.2. Engineering geological maps
2.3. Maps of geologically hazardous zones
2.4. Topographic base maps for geological mapping
2.5. Use of aerial photographs for geological mapping
2.6. Geological sections
Chapter 3. Mechanical Properties of Rocks
3.1. Physical background of the mechanical behavior of rocks
3.2. Character of the planes of discontinuity and methods of representation
3.3. Physical and index properties of rocks
3.4. Deformation properties of rocks
3.5. Strength of rocks
3.6. Natural stress state in rocks
3.7. Statical solutions in engineering geology
3.8. Classification of rocks
Chapter 4. Subsurface Exploration
4.1. Test pits and trenches
4.2. Exploratory drifts
4.3. Sounding
4.4. Boreholes
4.5. Evaluation of subsurface exploration
4.6. Construction of geological sections from bore logs
4.7. Plan and lay-out of subsurface exploration
Chapter 5. Geophysical Methods
5.1. Geophysical methods used in the geological investigation of a site
5.2. Determination of rock properties
5.3. Geophysical methods used in hydrogeological research
Chapter 6. Weathering of Rocks
6.1. Physical weathering
6.2. Products of Pleistocene physical weathering
6.3. Chemical weathering
6.4. Investigation of the weathered zone
Chapter 7. Slope Movements, Landslides
7.1. Economic significance of slope movements
7.2. Factors producing earth movements
7.3. Division of slope movements
7.4. Slope movements of surface deposits
7.5. Landslides in clayey rocks
7.6. Sliding movements of solid rocks
7.7. Specific types of slope movements
7.8. Stabilization of slopes in slide areas
Chapter 8. Excavation and Workability of Rocks
8.1. Resistance of rock to excavation
8.2. Drillability of rocks
8.3. Workability of rocks
8.4. Bulking (increase in volume) of rocks
Chapter 9. Geological Investigation of Building Material Deposits
9.1. Reconnaissance of a deposit
9.2. The aim of detailed engineering geological investigation
9.3. Basic principles of quarry opening
9.4. Deposits of sand and gravel
9.5. Working of building material and protection of the environment
Chapter 10. Foundation of Buildings and Industrial Structures
10.1. Demands made on the foundation of structures
10.2. Mechanical behavior of foundation soils
10.3. Foundation and ground water
10.4. Foundation excavation
10.5. Choice of foundation method
10.6. Investigation of the building site
10.7. Evaluation of the site
10.8. Foundation conditions related to the regional geology
10.9. Measurement of deformations of structures
Chapter 11. Roads and Railways
11.1. Geological requirements on the design of transportation routes
11.2. Preliminary investigation for the general location of the route
11.3. Detailed investigation for route location
11.4. Cuttings and half-cuttings
11.5. Embankments
11.6. Roadways and their subgrades
11.7. Geological investigation for bridges and other structures
11.8. Activity of the engineering geologist during construction and maintenance
Chapter 12. Tunnels and Underground Power Plants
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Tasks of engineering geological research
12.3. Investigation of the geology of the area and general alignment of the tunnel
12.4. The hydrogeological conditions
12.5. Detailed investigation for the location of the tunnel
12.6. Mechanical behavior of rock and pressure on tunnel lining
12.7. Tunneling methods
12.8. Rock temperature and ventilation
12.9. Hydraulic tunnels
12.10. Underground railway tunnels
Chapter 13. Engineering-geological Investigations for Hydraulic Structures
13.1. Reconnaissance investigation
13.2. Detailed geological investigation
13.3. Co-operation of engineering geologist during construction
13.4. Investigation of the damsite
13.5. Geomorphological and geological setting of the damsite
13.6. Damsites in igneous and metamorphic rocks
13.7. Damsites on sedimentary rocks
13.8. Foundation of gravity dams
13.9. Foundation of arch dams
13.10. Geological investigations for earth dams
13.11. Water-pressure tests and test grouting
13.12. Investigation of the reservoir area
13.13. Watertightness of the reservoir
13.14. Stability of reservoir banks
13.15. Siltation of reservoirs
13.16. Economic effects of impounding water
13.17. Discharge of water from the reservoir
13.18. Engineering-geological investigation of sites for power plants
Chapter 14. Tasks of Geological Investigation in Regional Planning and Environmental Policy
14.1. Man as a geological agent
14.2. Regional planning
14.3. Geological analysis
14.4. Hydrogeological analysis
14.5. Geological investigation in planning and building of settlements
Bibliography
Index
Product details
- No. of pages: 581
- Language: English
- Copyright: © Elsevier 1976
- Published: January 1, 1976
- Imprint: Elsevier
- eBook ISBN: 9780444601209