Efferent Organization and The Integration of Behavior

1st Edition - January 1, 1973
Editor: Jack Maser
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 3 0 3 - 4

Efferent Organization and the Integration of Behavior is a nine-chapter text that discusses the hypotheses and alternative conceptualizations of efferent mechanisms, as well as the… Read more

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Efferent Organization and the Integration of Behavior is a nine-chapter text that discusses the hypotheses and alternative conceptualizations of efferent mechanisms, as well as the neural basis of patterned movement. The opening chapters examine several behavioral categories, the neural mediation of movement, and the distinction between efferent response and efferent motor processes. These chapters also present a revised theory of the role of the motor system in physiological regulation and neural-metabolic integration in energy production for behavior. These topics are followed by considerable chapters devoted to efferent organization of specific brain sections, including the motor cortex, pyramidal system, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, diencephalon, hippocampus, and neocortex. This text also deals with the instrumental conditioning based on alimentary or food reinforcements. A chapter discusses the constraints on theoretical interpretations of neuroanatomical circuitry functions of noradrenergic and cholinergic brain systems. The concluding chapter describes the relationship between the motor integration systems of extrapyramidal structures and the motivational systems of limbic structures. This chapter also looks into the anatomical organization of self-stimulation and the microelectrode data, which delineate the response of single neurons to stimulation at hypothalamic self-stimulation sites.

List of Contributors

Preface

Acknowledgments

1. Efferent Response Processes: Relationships among Stimuli, Movement, and Reinforcement

I. Purpose

II. Behavioral Classification

III. Distinctions between Motor and Response Processes

IV. Current Theoretical Developments

V. Summary

2. Physiological and Sensory Feedback of the Motor System: Neural-Metabolic Integration for Energy Regulation in Behavior

I. Introduction

II. The Brain as a Multidimensional Feedback Control System

III. The Locus and Mechanisms of Energy Production for Behavior

IV. Systems Feedback Research on Behavioral-Physiological Interaction

V. Central-Neural versus Motor-System Feedback Control of Organic Rhythms

VI. Dynamic Efferent Organization in Physiological Feedback Regulation and Learning: Theoretical Summary

3. Motor Cortex and the Pyramidal System

I. Introduction

II. Organization of the Pyramidal System

III. Physiological Considerations

4. Subcortical Mechanisms of Behavioral Plasticity

I. Introduction

II. Behavioral Plasticity in Decorticate Preparations

III. Behavioral Plasticity in Decerebrate Preparations

IV. Behavioral Plasticity in Spinal Preparations

V. Electrophysiological Studies of Response Plasticity

VI. Retention

VII. Summary

5. Comparisons of the Efferent Projections of the Globus Pallidus and Substantia Nigra in the Monkey

I. Introduction

II. Material and Methods

III. Discussion

6. The Role of Prefrontal Control in the Programming of Motor Behavior

I. General Considerations

II. Simple S - R Conditioning

III. Pavlovian R-no R Differentiation

IV. R-no R Both Reinforced Differentiation

V. R1 - R2 Differentiation

VI. Delayed Responses

VII. General Discussion

VIII. Summary

7. The Development of Operant Responses by Noradrenergic Activation and Cholinergic Suppression of Movements

I. Introduction

II. The Suppression of Operant Behavior Associated with Punishment

III. Evidence for a Cholinergic Punishment System in the Periventricular Hypothalamus (PVS)

IV. A Glycinergic Influence of Long-lasting Duration in the Periventricular Hypothalamus

V. Atropine Disinhibits Suppressed Behaviors at Sites Where Norepinephrine is Ineffective

VI. Separation of Brain Systems for Operant and Consummatory Responses

VII. Selectivity of Action of the Cholinergic Suppression System in the Septal Area

VIII. Functions of the Noradrenergic Neurons in the Amygdala

IX. Norepinephrine Has an Antipunishment Action in the Dentate Gyrus

X. Summary

8. Diencephalic, Hippocampal, and Neocortical Mechanisms in Voluntary Movement

I. Introduction

II. Relation of Hippocampal and Neocortical EEG to Behavior

III. Effects of Electrical Stimulation of the Hippocampal Formation

IV. RSA Amplitude and Frequency in Relation to Behavior

V. Hypothalamic-Hippocampal Relations and Behavior

VI. Effect of Phenothiazines on Hippocampal Activity and on Behavior

VII. Discussion

9. Intracranial Self-Stimulation Pathways as Substrate for Stimulus-Response Integration

I. Introduction

II. Demonstration of Self-Stimulation

III. The Questioning of Basic Assumptions

IV. Pathways of Self-Stimulation: Methodological Considerations

V. Pathways of Self-Stimulation: Results

VI. Electrophysiology of Self-Stimulation

VII. Final Overview

VIII. Summary

References and Author Index

Subject Index