Education and the General Surgeon, An Issue of Surgical Clinics

1st Edition, Volume 101-4 - July 9, 2021
Editor: Paul J. Schenarts
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 1 3 7 4 - 7
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 1 3 7 3 - 0

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Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Forthcoming Issues
Foreword
Preface
The Biology and Psychology of Surgical Learning
Key points
The neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of memory and learning
Types of memory
Neuronal wiring: The anatomic manifestation of learning
Anatomy and physiology of memory retrieval
Observational learning and future research
Information processing and cognitive load
Knowledge retrieval
Adult teaching and learning
Impact of sleep on the biophysiology of memory and learning
Impact of stress on the biophysiology of memory and learning
The biology of implicit bias
Summary
Teaching on Rounds and in Small Groups
Key points
Teaching on rounds
Teaching in small groups
Disclosure
Effective Large Group Teaching for General Surgery
Key points
Introduction
How to create an effective lecture
Additional factors that improve the effectiveness of lectures
Nontraditional large group education
Summary
Teaching and Evaluating Nontechnical Skills for General Surgery
Key points
Introduction
Historical perspective
Definitions and key terms
Teaching and evaluating nontechnical skills
The risks of overemphasizing nontechnical skills
Future directions
Summary
Disclosure
Intraoperative Teaching and Evaluation in General Surgery
Key points
Introduction
A framework for teaching in the operating room
Evaluation of operative performance
Summary
Disclosure
General Surgery Resident Autonomy: Truth and Myth
Key points
Introduction
The current state of autonomy
Why is autonomy important?
Barriers to resident autonomy
How can autonomy in general surgery training be supported?
Summary
Disclosure
Early Detection and Remediation of Problem Learners
Key points
Introduction
Defining a problem learner
Types of Problem Learners
Senior Problem Learner
Program-level assessment and remediation strategies
When and how to intervene?
Challenges in remediation
Not all can be remediated: success of remediation and attrition
Summary
Disclosure
Maintaining Wellness and Instilling Resilience in General Surgeons
Key points
The origins of modern wellness
Defining wellness and identifying burnout
The evolution of surgical training and its impact on wellness
Beyond duty hours: toward an emphasis on physician well-being
Wellness: the next steps
What is resilience and why do we care?
Personal psychological factors
Social factors
Instilling resilience
Summary
Medical Student Selection
Key points
Introduction
Graduation and attrition of medical students
Personal statement
School-specific essays
Social media
Letters of recommendation
Interview process
Differences in application to type of medical school
Enrollment management models
Summary
Attracting the Best Students to a Surgical Career
Key points
Introduction
Discussion
Summary
Evidence-Based Selection of Surgical Residents
Key points
Introduction
Discussion
Summary
Value of Standardized Testing in Surgical Training
Key points
Background
Defining standardized testing
Creating a standardized examination
Historical context for standardized testing in surgical training
Purpose of standardized testing in surgical training
Descriptions of examples of standardized testing in surgical education
Identifying potential areas for improvement
Looking forward
Summary
Disclosure
Integration of Educational Technology
Key points
Introduction
Administrative databases
Delivery
Video conferencing
Cloud-based storage
Survey and data collection
Summary
Continuing Medical Education and Lifelong Learning
Key points
Introduction
American College of Graduate Medical Education 6 core competencies
Maintenance of certification
American Board of Surgery and continuous certification
Lifelong learning
Lifelong learning throughout surgeons’ careers
Simulation
Surgical coaching
Morbidity and mortality conferences
Communities of practice and pursuit of expertise
Continuous professional development

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Paul J. Schenarts