Discharge of Sewage from Sea Outfalls

Proceedings of an International Symposium Held at Church House, London, 27 August to 2 September 1974

1st Edition - January 1, 1975
Editor: A. L. H. Gameson
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 5 7 9 4 - 8

Supplement to Progress in Water Technology: Discharge of Sewage from Sea Outfalls is a proceeding of an international symposium held at Church House, London on 27 August to 2… Read more

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Supplement to Progress in Water Technology: Discharge of Sewage from Sea Outfalls is a proceeding of an international symposium held at Church House, London on 27 August to 2 September 1974. Said symposium is concerned with the pollution and dangers to health of sewage discharged from sea outfalls. The book discusses the discharge of sewage from sea outfalls and the problems associated with it according to location: the North Sea, the Mediterranean, the United States, Hong Kong, and the Baltic. Also covered in the book are the effects of pollutants, heavy metals, and microorganisms on the marine environment; how pollutants can be used as an indicator of pollution; and means of the elimination of pollutants. The text is recommended to sanitation engineers, port authorities, marine biologists, and officials concerned with aquatic resources and residential areas along coastlines.

Foreword

Introduction

Opening Address

Session A: Regional Problems

1. The Discharge of Sewage from Sea Outfalls into the North Sea

Discussion

2. The Mediterranean

Discussion

3. Regional Problems with Sea Outfall Disposal of Sewage on the Coasts of the United States

Discussion

4a. Some Problems in Hong Kong

Discussion

4b. Some Problems in the Baltic

Discussion

Session B: Indicators of Sewage Pollution

5. Bacterial Indicators of Sewage Pollution

6. Human Enteric Viruses and Bacteriophages as Indicators of Sewage Pollution

General Discussion on Papers 5 and 6

7. The Development of Criteria for Recreational Waters

Discussion

8. Evaluation of Shellfish Sanitary Quality by Indicators of Sewage Pollution

Discussion

Session C: Microbial Standards

9. Epidemiological Aspects of Microbial Standards for Bathing Beaches

10. The Case for Microbial Standards for Bathing Beaches

11. The Case against Microbial Standards for Bathing Beaches

General Discussion on Papers 9-11

Session D: Effects of Non-microbial Pollutants

12. Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment

Discussion

13. Persistent Organic Residues

Discussion

14. Effects of Nutrient Enrichment from Sewage in the Sea

Discussion

15. The Significance of Surface Pollution in Coastal Waters

Discussion

Session E: Sewage Treatment

16. Effluent Quality of Chlorinated Sewage Discharged from Sea Outfalls

Discussion

17. The Case for Treatment

18. The Case against Treatment

General Discussion on Papers 17 and 18

Session F: Microbial Mortality

19. In Situ Methods for Determination of Microbial Disappearance in Sea Water

Discussion

20. Effects of Antibiosis in a Marine Environment

Discussion

21. Heavy Metal Ions as the Principal Bactericidal Agent in Caribbean Sea Water

Discussion

22. Effects of Solar Radiation on the Mortality of Some Terrestrial Bacteria

Discussion

Session G: Microbial Mortality (Continued)

23. Other Factors Determining Life Expectancy of Microorganisms in the Marine Environment

Discussion

24. Mortality of Enteric Viruses in Marine and Other Waters

Discussion

25. Factors Influencing the Survival of Enteric Microorganisms in the Sea: An Overview

Discussion

Session H: Initial Dispersion

26. Initial Dilution of Effluent Discharging into Stagnant Sea Water

Discussion

27. Outlet Design

Discussion

28. Surface Spreading

Discussion

29. The Relevance of Initial Dispersion

Discussion

Session 3: Subsequent Dispersion

30. Subsurface Horizontal Dispersion of Pollutants in Open Coastal Waters

Discussion

31. Subsequent Dispersion—Methods of Measurement

Discussion

32. Interpretation of Diffusion Data

33. Effects of Environmental Factors, Part 1

34. Effects of Environmental Factors, Part 2

General Discussion on Papers 32-34

Session K: Predictive Modeling

35. Observed and Predicted Coliform Distributions near a Sea Outfall

Discussion

36. Prediction of Far-Field Exclusion Areas and Effects

Discussion

37. Numerical Modeling of Dispersion in Estuaries

Discussion

38. Interpretation of Field Data

Discussion

Session L: Predictive Modeling and Conclusions

39. The Hague Outfall

Discussion

40. Conceptual Design of Marine Waste Disposal Systems

Discussion

41. Discharge of Sewage from Sea Outfalls

Discussion

List of Participants

Name Index

Subject Index