Dams, Dam Foundations, and Reservoir Sites

PrefaceChapter 1. About dams and reservoirs Introduction Planning for dams and reservoirs Kinds of dams Embankment dams Concrete arch and dome dams Concrete gravity and gravity-arch dams Concrete slab and buttress dams Appurtenant features of dams Kinds and uses of reservoirs Safety of dams and reservoirs Glossary ReferencesChapter 2. Rocks and unconsolidated deposits: origin, composition, and properties Introduction Mineral components of rocks and unconsolidated deposits Processes of formation of rock bodies Igneous rocks Sedimentary rocks Metamorphic rocks Disintegration and decomposition of rocks Unconsolidated deposits Rock fabric and composition related to strength Strength of clastic rocks Strength of crystalline (nonclastic) rocks ReferenceChapter 3. Excavation and filling of valleys Introduction Erosion, transportation, and deposition by running water Channel patterns and cross-sections in stream-cut valleys Terraced valleys Glaciated valleys Transported valley fill Valley fill of local derivation Slope stability and slope failure in valleys Shear failure in weak materials Gravity-slip dislocations in steep-walled valleys Obstructions in stream valleys Lakes and lake basins in valleys ReferencesChapter 4. Valleys in anisotropic rocks Introduction Anisotropism in rocks Valleys in flat-lying layered rocks Valleys in folded rocks Fractures in rocks Fractures associated with folds Valleys in fractured rocks Slope development in anisotropic bedrock Slope failure dependent on rock anisotropismChapter 5. Groundwater hydrology of uniformly permeable media Introduction Some definitions Properties of water Porosity and permeability Laminar flow of water through permeable media Hydrodynamic flow nets beneath dams Flow surfaces and equipotential surfaces Unconfined flow through uniformly permeable media Groundwater in slopes of reservoirs ReferencesChapter 6. Groundwater hydrology of anisotropic media Introduction Hydrology of anisotropic unconsolidated valley fill Processes tending to modify permeabilities of unconsolidated deposits Permeability and seepage in unconsolidated deposits Hydrology of anisotropic bedrocks Hydrology of filled reservoirsChapter 7. Geology and groundwater hydrology of soluble rocks Introduction Geohydrology of initially homogeneous soluble rocks Dissolution openings in anisotropic soluble rocks Landforms in soluble rocks ReferencesChapter 8. Mechanics of dam foundations Introduction Stress and strain Effects of confining pressure on strength Pressures associated with dams and reservoirs Mechanisms of foundation failure Geologic conditions promoting foundation failure Testing of strength of foundation materials Dynamic methods for laboratory measurement of elastic constants Field testing of foundation rocks Seismic methods for measurement of elastic constants in the field ReferencesChapter 9. Geological and geophysical investigations of dam and reservoir sites Introduction Geological and geophysical investigations and materials inventory Remote sensing imagery in geotechnical investigations Graphical aids Borehole operations Logs of boreholes Field permeability tests in boreholes Core-hole surveys and oriented cores Borehole patterns Seismic methods of subsurface investigation Resistivity geophysical investigations Rock- and soil-mechanics investigations Earthquake hazards Construction-stage geotechnical investigations Post-construction geotechnical investigations ReferencesChapter 10. Geotechnical aspects of dam and reservoir construction Introduction Foundation excavation Dam construction on unconsolidated deposits Grouting operations in bedrock Interval grouting with packers Pattern grouting Blanket grouting Curtain grouting Examples of curtain grouting Off-pattern, special-purpose grouting Grout consistency and grouting pressures Drainage and observation holes, wells, and porous prisms Rock reinforcement by rock bolts and steel cables Reservoir slope stabilization Final construction report ReferencesIndex