Cost-Effective Energy Efficient Building Retrofitting

Chapter 1. Introduction to Cost-Effective Energy-Efficient Building Retrofitting

• Abstract
• 1.1 Sustainable Development and Energy Production
• 1.2 Building Energy Efficiency and Energy Retrofitting
• 1.3 Financing Aspects Regarding Energy Retrofitting in Europe
• 1.4 The Importance of Socioeconomic Aspects
• 1.5 Outline of the Book
• References

Part I: Materials and Technologies

Chapter 2. Methodologies for Selection of Thermal Insulation Materials for Cost-Effective, Sustainable, and Energy-Efficient Retrofitting

• Abstract
• Nomenclature
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Thermal Insulation Materials
• 2.3 Environmental and Economic Assessment of Thermal Insulation Materials
• 2.4 Advancements in the Field of Building Materials Applied for the Energy Upgrade of Buildings
• 2.5 Conclusions
• References

Chapter 3. Phase Change Materials for Application in Energy-Efficient Buildings

• Abstract
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Phase Change Materials in General
• 3.3 State-of-the-Art Phase Change Materials
• 3.4 Phase Change Materials in Building Applications
• 3.5 Future Research Opportunities
• 3.6 Conclusions
• Acknowledgments
• References

Chapter 4. Reflective Materials for Cost-Effective Energy-Efficient Retrofitting of Roofs

• Abstract
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 White Reflective Materials
• 4.3 Colored Reflective Materials
• 4.4 Retroreflective Materials
• 4.5 Thermochromic Materials
• 4.6 Conclusions
• Acknowledgments
• References

Chapter 5. Solar Air Collectors for Cost-Effective Energy-Efficient Retrofitting

• Abstract
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Types of SACS
• 5.3 Unglazed SAC Numerical Model
• 5.4 Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA)
• 5.5 Concluding Remarks
• References

Chapter 6. Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) for Cost-Effective Energy-Efficient Retrofitting

• Abstract
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Cost-Effective Energy Retrofitting and Nearly- and Net-Zero Energy Building Design
• 6.3 Photovoltaic Products for Buildings
• 6.4 Conclusions: Potentialities and Challenges
• References

Part II: Optimization

Chapter 7. Measurement and Verification Models for Cost-Effective Energy-Efficient Retrofitting

• Abstract
• Nomenclature for Measurement and Verification Terms
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Fundamental Principles of Measurement and Verification
• 7.3 Measurement and Verification Protocols & Standards
• 7.4 Measurement and Verification Options
• 7.5 Drivers for and Barriers Against M&V
• 7.6 Innovative Methods for Cost-Effective M&V: An Overview
• 7.7 Summary
• References

Chapter 8. A Cost-Effective Human-Based Energy-Retrofitting Approach

• Abstract
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Why Should Occupants’ Awareness Play a Key Role in Building Energy Saving?
• 8.3 Human–Building System Interaction: Active and Passive Roles of Occupants
• 8.4 Typical Occupants’ Attitudes Playing a Key Role in Energy Need
• 8.5 Occupants’ Behavior in Building Thermal Energy Dynamic Simulation
• 8.6 Occupant Behavior Towards Energy Saving in Buildings
• 8.7 Conclusions
• References

Chapter 9. An Overview of the Challenges for Cost-Effective and Energy-Efficient Retrofits of the Existing Building Stock

• Abstract
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Challenges in Building Energy Retrofitting
• 9.3 Optimization Approaches for the Design of Building Energy Retrofit
• 9.4 Building Energy Retrofit and Sustainability
• 9.5 Conclusions
• Acknowledgment
• References

Chapter 10. Smart Heating Systems for Cost-Effective Retrofitting

• Abstract
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Technology
• 10.3 Case Studies and Lessons Learned
• 10.4 Conclusions
• References

Chapter 11. Artificial Neural Networks for Predicting the Energy Behavior of a Building Category: A Powerful Tool for Cost-Optimal Analysis

• Abstract
• Nomenclature
• 11.1 Introduction and Literature Review: Surrogate Models in Building Applications
• 11.2 Methodology: Predicting the Energy Behavior of a Building Category by ANNs
• 11.3 Application: An Office Case Study
• 11.4 Integration of the ANNs in Optimization Procedures to Optimize Energy Retrofit Design
• 11.5 Summary of the Main Novelties, Outcomes, and Conclusions
• References

Part III: Case Studies

Chapter 12. Cost-Effectiveness of Retrofitting Swedish Buildings

• Abstract
• Nomenclature
• 12.1 The Swedish Building Stock
• 12.2 Method
• 12.3 Potentials and Costs for Energy Conservation
• 12.4 Determinants of Cost Efficiency
• 12.5 Conclusions
• Appendix
• References

Chapter 13. Cost-Efficient Solutions for Finnish Buildings

• Abstract
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 Simulation Study for a Finnish 1960s Apartment Building
• 13.3 Practical Renovation Case Study in a Finnish 1980s Apartment Building
• 13.4 Economic and Environmental Advantages of a Nearly Zero-Energy Renovation in a Finnish 1970s Apartment Building Compared to Traditional Renovation
• 13.5 Conclusions Based on the Presented Case Studies
• References

Chapter 14. Cost-Effective District-Level Renovation: A Russian Case Study

• Abstract
• 14.1 Introduction
• 14.2 Analyzed Cases
• 14.3 Renovation Costs
• 14.4 Discussion and Conclusions
• References

Chapter 15. Cost-Effective Energy and Indoor Climate Renovation of Estonian Residential Buildings

• Abstract
• 15.1 Introduction
• 15.2 Methods
• 15.3 Results
• 15.4 Discussion
• References

Chapter 16. Cost-Effective Energy Refurbishment of Prefabricated Buildings in Serbia

• Abstract
• Nomenclature
• 16.1 Introduction: Energy Refurbishment of the Residential Buildings
• 16.2 New Belgrade’s Residential Blocks—Global State and Energy Consumption
• 16.3 Project Approach and Methodology
• 16.4 Current State of the Two Case Study Buildings
• 16.5 Simulation Results of the Energy Optimization: Comparative Analysis
• 16.6 Integrated Architectural Measures
• 16.7 Economic Analysis and Results
• 16.8 Conclusion
• Acknowledgments
• References

Chapter 17. Cost-Effective Refurbishment of Residential Buildings in Austria

• Abstract
• 17.1 Introduction
• 17.2 Building Stock and Refurbishment
• 17.3 Cost-Effective Calculation Model
• 17.4 Research Sample
• 17.5 Sensitivity of the Building and Cost Parameters
• 17.6 Findings, Discussion, and Conclusion
• References

Chapter 18. Cost-Effective Energy Retrofitting of Buildings in Spain: An Office Building of the University of the Basque Country

• Abstract
• 18.1 Introduction
• 18.2 The Case Study. Building Description
• 18.3 Analysis of the Real Energy Performance. Monitoring Study
• 18.4 Assessment of Effects of Energy Renovation. Energy Simulations
• 18.5 Overall Improvements, Experiences, and Lessons Learned
• 18.6 Future Trends
• 18.7 Recommendations and Sources of Further Information
• Acknowledgments
• References

Chapter 19. Cost-Effective Refurbishment of Italian Historic Buildings

• Abstract
• 19.1 Introduction: The Energy Refurbishment of Historical Building Stock
• 19.2 Cost-Effective EEMs, Suitable for Buildings Protected as Cultural Goods
• 19.3 Presentation of the Case Studies
• 19.4 Modeling and Investigation: Discussion and Results
• 19.5 Conclusions and Future Trends
• Acknowledgments
• References