Communication 2000

Part 1 Human Communication1 The Essence of Human 1 The Essence of Human Communication 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Types of Human Communication 1.3 The Elements of the Communication Process 1.4 Language as Communication Medium 1.5 Non-Verbal and Verbal Communication 1.6 Visual and Oral Communication 2 Technical Communication 2.1 Essence of Technical Communication 2.2 The Aim of Technical Communication 2.3 The Technical Message 2.4 Communication Phases 2.5 Enumeration 2.6 Analysis 2.7 Communication Development Forms 2.8 Supporting Forms of Communication Part 2 Communication Models and Aids 1 Models 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Persuasion and Convincing 1.3 The Hovland Communication Model 1.4 The A-B-C or Newcomb Model 1.5 The Shannon-Weaver Model 1.6 Collins and Guetzkow's Group Communication Model 1.7 The Thayer Model 1.8 The Westley-Maclean Model 1.9 The Barnlund Model (D.C. Barnlund) 1.10 Prakke's Functional Model 1.11 The Tubbs and Moss Model 1.12 The Berlo Model 1.13 Maletzke's Mass Communication Model 1.14 Van Schoor's Analytical Model 1.15 The Schramm and Osgood Models 1.16 Summary 2 Structures 2.1 The Informal Structure 2.2 The Formal Structure 3 Non-Verbal Management Communication Aids 3.1 Introduction 3.2 AidsPart 3 The Language Structure and Communication Barriers 1 Style 1.1 Technical and Business Language 1.2 Clarity 1.3 Simplicity 1.4 Naturalness and Spontaneity 1.5 Purposefulness and Appropriateness 1.6 Language Level 1.7 Conciseness 1.8 Concreteness 1.9 Completeness 1.10 Considerateness 1.11 Coherence 1.12 Other Communication Obstacles 1.13 Originality 1.14 Creation of Images (Imagery) 2 Intonation and Stress 2.1 Aspects of Speech 2.2 Word Stress 3 The Pronunciation of English 3.1 Introduction 3.2 The Formation of Vowels 3.3 The Diphthongs 3.4 The Triphthongs 3.5 The Consonants 4 Punctuation 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The Comma 4.3 The Full Stop (Period) 4.4 The Semicolon 4.5 The Colon 4.6 The Dash 4.7 Parentheses (Brackets, Dashes) 4.8 Quotation Marks (Inverted Commas) 4.9 The Ellipsis 4.10 The Apostrophe 4.11 The Hyphen 4.12 The Question Mark 4.13 The Exclamation Mark 4.14 The Brace 4.15 The Virgule 4.16 The X-Sign 4.17 The Signs 5 The Diacritical Marks 5.1 Accents 5.2 Diaeresis 5.3 Cedilla 5.4 The Tilde 5.5 The Circumflex 5.6 Asterisk 5.7 Caret 6 Other Signs 7 Italics 8 Capitalization 8.1 Types of Nouns 8.2 Proper Nouns and Derivatives 8.3 Brand Names 8.4 Compound Proper Nouns 8.5 The Government 8.6 Noun-Number Designations 8.7 Areas of Subject-Matter 8.8 Course Titles 8.9 Official Titles of Rank and Public Office 8.10 Words Denoting Family Relationships 8.11 Direction: Points of the Compass 8.12 Days and Months 8.13 Seasons 8.14 Geographical Terms 8.15 Historical Events 8.16 Additional Uses of Capitalization 9 Plurals 9.1 Nouns Ending in s, x, z, ch or sh 9.2 All Other Proper Nouns 9.3 Most Common Nouns 9.4 Common Nouns Ending in y 9.5 The Plurals of Personal Names Accompanied by Titles 9.6 Nouns Ending in f, fe or ff 9.7 Nouns Ending in o 9.8 Vowel Change 9.9 Some Nouns Take -ren or -en in the Plural 9.10 Nouns Which Remain the Same 9.11 Some Nouns Ending in s 9.12 Compound Nouns 9.14 Abbreviations 9.15 Constructions 9.16 Normal, Scientific and Technical Nouns of Foreign Origin 10 Possession 10.1 Singular Nouns 10.2 Plural Nouns 10.3 Note the Following 10.4 Inanimate Objects 10.5 Organizations 11 Spelling 11.1 One-Syllable Words Ending in Consonant-Vowel-Consonant 11.2 Two-Syllable Words Ending in Consonant-Vowel-Consonant and Accented in the Second Syllable 11.3 Words Ending in a Silent (Mute) e Preceded by a Consonant 11.4 Soft c 11.5 Words Made up of a Prefix and a Root 11.6 Mnemonics 11.7 Polysyllabic Words Ending in a Single Consonant and Accented on the Last Syllable 12 Syllabication (Division of Words) 13 Abbreviations 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Contractions 13.3 Ordinary Abbreviations 13.4 Acronyms 13.5 The Letter-Group 13.6 Plurals 13.7 Pay Attention to the Following 14 Synonyms 15 Antonyms 16 Homonyms 17 Homophones 18 Paronyms 19 Translations 20 ApplicationPart 4 Oral Communication 1 Introduction 1.1 Hints for The Speaker 1.2 Hints for The Listener 1.3 The Dialogue 2 The Speech or Oral Delivery 2.1 Preparation 2.2 Knowledge of The Topic 2.3 Organizing the Subject-Matter 2.4 Types of Speeches 2.5 Aids and Deliveries 2.6 The Purpose of the Speech 2.7 Presentation of the Message Content 3 The Telephone 3.1 Introduction 4 Other Oral Communication Forms 4.1 The Debate 4.2 The Panel Discussion (Forum) 4.3 The Symposium 4.4 The Lecture Forum 4.5 The Conference 4.6 The Seminar 4.7 The Colloquium 4.8 The Round Table 4.9 Meetings 4.10 The Oral Report 4.11 The Interview 5 Application Part 5 Written Communication 1 Letter Writing 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Basic Human Needs 1.3 Letter Writing: Hints 1.4 Letter Writing: General Characteristics 1.5 The Functions of Letter Writing 1.6 Types of Letters 1.7 Method of Preparing and Sending Formal Letters 1.8 Letter Writing: Structure 2 Examples of Correspondence 2.1 Private Person to an Organization 2.2 Organization or Firm to Private Person 2.3 Organization/Firm to Organization/Firm 2.4 Examples of Professional Correspondence 2.5 Letters to the Press 2.6 Letters of Complaint 2.7 The Letter of Application 2.8 Public Relations Letters 2.9 Letter Announcing A Press Conference 2.10 The Sales Letter 2.11 Collecting Money: Letters 2.12 Official Letters 2.13 Circulars 2.14 Medical Correspondence 2.15 The Quotation 2.16 Forms 2.17 The Testimonial 2.18 The Résumé (Curriculum Vitae) 2.19 The Covering Letter 2.20 The Letter of Resignation 2.21 Telegrams and Telex Messages 2.22 Classified Advertisements 2.23 Indexing and Summary of Correspondence 2.24 Official Letters: Hints on Method and Preparation 2.25 The Formal Invitation and Reply 3 Applications 4 The Report 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Definitions 4.3 The Memorandum 4.4 The Report 5 Applications 6 The Questionnaire 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Compilation of the Questionnaire 6.3 Requirements 6.4 Instructions 6.5 Formulation of Questions 6.6 Advantages of Questionnaire 6.7 Other Matters 6.8 Types of Questionnaires 6.9 Types of Questions 6.10 Examples of Questionnaires 7 Advertising 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The Purpose of Advertising 7.3 The Psychological Aspect 7.4 Types of Advertising 7.5 Hints For Writing Advertisements 7.6 Press Advertising 7.7 Classified Advertisements 7.8 Public Announcements 7.9 Exaggeration in Advertisements 7.10 Application 8 The Précis 8.1 Introduction 8.2 The Précis (Summary) 8.3 Guidelines 8.4 Application 9 Comprehension 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Types of Questions 9.3 Application 10 Paraphrasing 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Hints for Paraphrasing 10.3 Applications 11 The Extended Essay (Treatise) 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Hints 12 The Essay 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Hints 12.3 Planning 12.4 Types of Essays 13 Meeting Procedures 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Two Main Types of Meetings 13.3 The Purpose f Meetings 13.4 The Control of Meetings 13.5 Constitutional Regulations 13.6 Voting 13.7 The Foundation Meeting 13.8 Notice of a Meeting 13.9 The Agenda 13.10 The Minutes 13.11 Effective Participation in a Meeting 13.12 Important Terms Used at a Meeting 13.13 Examples of Notices and Agendas 13.14 Examples of Minutes 13.15 Expressions Used in the Writing of Minutes 13.16 Application Part 6 Research 1 The Library 1.1 Dictionaries 1.2 The Library: Use 2 Referencing 2.1 Footnotes and Endnotes - Bibliography Format 2.2 The List of Reference Sources 2.3 The Harvard Method 2.4 Abbreviations Frequently Used in the BibliographyPart 7 General 1 Troublesome Words 2 Communication Bugs 3 Extension of Vocabulary: Parts of Speech 3.1 Nouns 3.2 Verbs 3.3 Adjectives 3.4 Prepositions 4 Vocational Terminology 4.1 Electrotechnical Engineering 4.2 Mechanical Engineering 4.3 Civil Engineering 4.4 Metallurgy 4.5 Aerodynamics 4.6 Marine 4.7 Motor 4.8 Mathematics 4.9 Radio and Television 5 Expressions to be Used in Oral and Written Communication 6 Words to Remember 7 Roman Numerals 8 Proofreaders' Marks 9 The Metric System 9.1 Metric (Si-) Units 9.2 Metric (Si-) Calculations 9.3 Si-Preference Prefixes 10 Symbols 11 Abbreviations 11.1 Ordinary Abbreviations 11.2 Letter-Groups 11.3 Acronyms (Letter-Words, Letter-Names) 11.4 Common Business Abbreviations 11.5 Common Banking Abbreviations 11.6 Common Medical Abbreviations 11.7 Technical Abbreviations 12 Troublesome Sentences: Errors 13 Examination PapersBibliography