Clinical Immunobiology

List of Contributors

Preface

Contents of Volume 1

Bone Marrow Transplantation

I. Introduction

II. Terminology

III. Technique

IV. Histocompatibility

V. Preparation of the Recipient

VI. Clinical Results

VII. Special Consideration According to Underlying Disease

VIII. Support for the Patient without Marrow Function

IX. Success or Failure of Engraftment

X. GVH Disease

XI. Immunological Status of Long-Term Survivors of Marrow Transplantation

XII. Infection following Engraftment

XIII. Nature of Tolerance

XIV. Antileukemic Effect (Adoptive Immunotherapy)

XV. Malignant Transformation of Donor Cells

XVI. A Look at the Future

References

Bone Marrow Transplantation for Aplasias and Leukemias

I. The First Bone Marrow Grafts in Man after Irradiation Exposure

II. Experimental and Clinical Bone Marrow Graft in Leukemia after Irradiation Conditioning (GVH versus GVL)

III. Bone Marrow Graft in Aplasias and Leukemias after ALG Conditioning; Split Lymphocyte Chimerism

IV. Bone Marrow Transplantation Using a Combination of ALG and Cyclophosphamide

V. Experimental Research for New Means to Control GVH

References

Bone Marrow and Thymus Transplants: Cellular Engineering to Correct Primary Immunodeficiency

I. Lymphoid System Development and the Concept of Two Interacting Immunity Systems

II. Correction of the DiGeorge Syndrome by Thymus Transplantation

III. Bone Marrow Transplants to Correct Immunodeficiency Diseases

IV. Bone Marrow Transplant to Correct SCID

V. Bone Marrow Transplant in Treating the Wiskott-Aldrich (WA) Syndrome

VI. Aspiration as a Problem in SCID Patients Fully Reconstituted Immunologically by Bone Marrow Transplantation

VII. Efforts to Use Isolated Stem Cells from Immunological Reconstitution in SCID

VIII. Efforts to Use Bone Marrow Transplantation to Correct SCID When a Matched Sibling Donor Is Not Available

IX. Genetic Determination of Histocompatibility Characteristics in Men and Mice

X. Bone Marrow Transplantation to Correct SCID with a Donor Mismatched with Recipient at All HL-A SD Determinants but Matched at the LD Locus Controlling MLC

XI. Correction of Clq Deficiency by Marrow Transplantation in SCID

XII. Relationship of Successful Marrow Transplantation in Aregenerative Anemia and Leukemia to Transplantations used in SCID

XI. Correction of Clq Deficiency by Marrow Transplantation in SCID

XIII. Correction of SCID by Fetal Liver Transplantation

XIV. New Experimental Observations Relevant to Cellular Engineering in Man

XV. Cellular Engineering and Common Diseases of Man

XVI. Cellular Engineering and Immunodeficiencies Based on Defective Development of Biological Amplification Systems

XVII. Immunodeficiencies in Common Human Diseases—A Challenge for Cellular Engineering

XVIII. Nutritional Deprivation and Immunological Deficiency—A Possible Challenge for Cellular or Molecular Engineering

XIX. Aging and Cellular Engineering

Bibliography

Selective Immunotherapy with Transfer Factor

I. Introduction

II. Early Beginnings—Viable Cells as Vehicles of TF

III. Histoincompatible Cell Transfer and Graft-versus-Host (GvH) Disease

IV. Viable Lymphocytes versus TFD for Immunotherapy

V. Later Developments—Availability of TFD

VI. The Scope of TFD for Immunological Reconstitution

VII. TFD Immunotherapy of Infectious Disease

VIII. Reconstitution of Congenital Immunodeficiency Diseases with TFD Therapy

IX. TFD and Cancer Immunotherapy

X. Immunotherapy with TFD—Unresolved Questions

XI. Conclusion

References

Transfer Factor

I. Introduction

II. Preparation of Transfer Factor

III. Evaluation of Cellular Immunity

IV. Technique of Transfer Factor Therapy and Prophylaxis of Infection

V. Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

VI. Mucocutaneous Candidiasis

VII. Combined Immunodeficiency Disease

VIII. Infectious Diseases

IX. Diseases of Unknown Etiology

X. Malignancy

XI. Adverse Reactions

XII. Specificity of Transfer

XIII. Potential Uses of Transfer Factor

XIV. Conclusion

References

Transfer Factor Therapy in Immunodeficiencies

I. Introduction

II. Preparation of TF

III. Effects in Normal Subjects

IV. Effects in Immunodeficiencies

V. Effects on Clinical Manifestations

VI. Discussion

VII. Summary

References

Immunological Surveillance: Pro and Con

I. Historical Introduction

II. Tumor Immunogenicity

III. Effects of Minimal Immunity on Nascent Tumors

IV. Experimental Alteration of the Immune Response

V. Experiments of Nature

VI. Miscellaneous Correlations

VII. Tumor Susceptibility and Phylogeny

VIII. General Conclusions

References

Serology of Cancer

I. Serological Detection of Antigens Associated with Tumors of Experimental Animals

II. Serological Approaches to the Study of Viral Oncogenesis

III. Serological Detection of Antigens Associated with Human Cancer

IV. Conclusions

Bibliography

The Role of Cell-Mediated Immunity in Control and Growth of Tumors

I. Introduction

II. Evidence That Immune Cells Play an Important Role in the Rejection of Tumors Containing TAA

III. Tests for Cell-Mediated Immunity

IV. Demonstration of Cell-Mediated Immunity to Animal Tumors Using in Vitro Techniques

V. Escape Mechanisms from Immunological Surveillance

VI. The “Unblocking” Phenomenon

VII. “Potentiating” and “Arming” Serum Effects

VIII. Cell Types Involved in Host Defense Reactions against Cancer

IX. Demonstration of Cell-Mediated Immunity to Human Tumors

X. Possible Implications of Tumor Immunology for Cancer Prevention and Therapy

XI. Conclusion

References

Experimental Models of Tumor Immunotherapy

I. Nonspecific Stimulation of the Immune Apparatus

II. Active Specific Immunotherapy

III. Adoptive Transfer of Cell-Mediated Immunity

IV. Passive Immunotherapy

V. Passive Transfer to Immunological Mediators

VI. Antiblocking Immunotherapy

VII. Discussion

References

Graft versus Leukemia

I. The Problem

II. Conceptual Considerations

III. The Treatment Model—Overview

IV. The Treatment Model—Dissected

V. Recent Experimental Results

VI. Clinical Implications?

VII. Summary

References

Subject Index