Circuit Design: Know It All
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The Newnes Know It All Series takes the best of what our authors have written to create hard-working desk references that will be an engineer's first port of call for key information, design techniques and rules of thumb. Guaranteed not to gather dust on a shelf!Electronics Engineers need to master a wide area of topics to excel. The Circuit Design Know It All covers every angle including semiconductors, IC Design and Fabrication, Computer-Aided Design, as well as Programmable Logic Design.
Key Features
- A 360-degree view from our best-selling authors
- Topics include fundamentals, Analog, Linear, and Digital circuits
- The ultimate hard-working desk reference; all the essential information, techniques and tricks of the trade in one volume
Readership
Electronics Engineers; Circuit Designers; Communication Engineers
Table of Contents
- Chapter 1 The Fundamentals
1.1 Electrical fundamentals
1.2 Passive components
1.3 D.C. circuits
1.4 Alternating voltage and current
1.5 Circuit simulation
1.6 Intuitive Circuit Design
1.7 Learn an Intuitive Approach
1.8 “Lego” Engineering
1.9 Troubleshooting Circuits
References
Chapter 2 The Semiconductor diode
References
Chapter 3 Understanding diodes and their problems
3.1 Speed Demons
3.2 Turn ’Em Off-Turn ’Em On…
3.3 Other Strange Things That Diodes Can Do to You…
3.4 Zener, Zener, Zener…
3.5 Diodes That Glow in the Dark, Efficiently
3.6 Solar Cells
3.7 Assault and Battery
References
Chapter 4 Bipolar transistors
References
Chapter 5 Field effect transistors
References
Chapter 6 Identifying and avoiding transistor problems
6.1 More Beta-More Better?
6.2 Field Effect Transistors
6.3 Power Transistors May Hog Current
6.4 Apply the 5-Second Rule
6.5 Fabrication Structures Make a Difference
6.6 Power-Circuit Design Requires Expertise
6.7 MOSFETS Avoid Secondary Breakdown
References
Chapter 7 Fundamentals
7.1 Digital Technology
References
Chapter 8 Number Systems
8.1 Introduction
8.2. Decimal–Unsigned Binary Conversion
8.3 Signed Binary Numbers
8.4 Gray Code
8.5 Binary Coded Decimal
8.6 Octal-Binary Conversion
8.7. Hexadecimal-Binary Conversion
Chapter 9 Binary Data Manipulation
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Logical Operations
9.3 Boolean Algebra
9.4 Combinational Logic Gates
9.5 Truth Tables
References
Chapter 10 Combinational Logic Design
10.1 Introduction
10.2 NAND and NOR logic
10.3 Karnaugh Maps
10.4 Don’t Care Conditions
References
Chapter 11 Sequential Logic Design
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Level Sensitive Latches and Edge-Triggered Flip-Flops
11.3 The D Latch and D-Type Flip-Flop
11.4 Counter Design
11.5 State Machine Design
11.6 Moore versus Mealy State Machines
11.7 Shift Registers
11.8 Digital Scan Path
References
Chapter 12 Memory
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Random Access Memory
12.3 Read-Only Memory
Chapter 13 Selecting a design route
13.1 Introduction
13.2 DISCRETE IMPLEMENTATION
13.3 MASK PROGRAMMABLE ASICs
13.4 FIELD PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC
13.5 VHDL
13.6 CHOOSING A DESIGN ROUTE
Chapter 14 Designing with logic ICs
14.1 Logic ICs
Chapter 15 Interfacing
15.1 Mixing analogue and digital
15.2 Generating digital levels from analogue inputs
15.3 Protection against externally-applied overvoltages
15.4 Isolation
15.5 Classic data interface standards
15.6 High performance data interface standards
Chapter 16 DSP and digital filters
16.1 Origins of Real-World Signals and Their Units of Measurement
16.2 Reasons for Processing Real-World Signals
16.3 Generation of Real-World Signals
16.4 Methods and Technologies Available for Processing Real-World Signals
16.5 Analog Versus Digital Signal Processing
16.6 A Practical Example
16.7 Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filters
16.8 FIR Filter Implementation in DSP Hardware Using Circular Buffering
16.9 Designing FIR Filters
16.10 Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) Filters
16.11 IIR Filter Design Techniques
16.12 Multirate Filters
16.13 Adaptive Filters
References
Chapter 17 Dealing with high speed logic
References on Dealing with High Speed Logic
Chapter 18 Bridging the Gap Between Analog and Digital
18.1 Try to Measure Temperature Digitally
18.2 Road Blocks Abound
18.3 The Ultimate Key to Analog Success
18.4 How Analog and Digital Design Differ
18.5 Time and Its Inversion
18.6 Organizing Your Toolbox
18.7 Set Your Foundation and Move On, Out of the Box
References
Chapter 19 Op Amps
19.1 The.Magical.Mysterious.Op-Amp
19.2 Understanding Op Amp Parameters
19.3 Additional Parameter Information
19.4 Modeling Op Amps
19.5 Finding the Perfect Op Amp
References
Chapter 20 Converters-Analog Meets Digital
20.1 ADCs
20.2 Types of ADCs
20.3 ADC Comparison
20.4 Sample and Hold
20.5 Real Parts
20.6 Microprocessor Interfacing
20.7 Clocked Interfaces
20.8 Serial Interfaces
20.9 Multichannel ADCs
20.10 Internal Microcontroller ADCs
20.11 Codecs
20.12 Interrupt Rates
20.13 Dual-Function Pins on Microcontrollers
20.14 Design Checklist
Chapter 21 Sensors
21.1 Instrumentation and control systems
21.2 Transducers
21.3 Sensors
21.4 Switches
21.5 Semiconductor temperature sensors
21.6 Thermocouples
21.7 Threshold detection
21.8 Outputs
21.9 LED indicators
21.10 Driving high-current loads
21.11 Audible outputs
21.12 Motors
21.13 Driving mains connected loads
Chapter 22 Active filters
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Fundamentals of Low-Pass Filters
22.3 Low-Pass Filter Design
22.4 High-Pass Filter Design
22.5 Band-Pass Filter Design
22.6 Band-Rejection Filter Design
22.7 All-Pass Filter Design
22.8 Practical Design Hints
22.9 Filter Coefficient Tables
References
Chapter 23 Radio-Frequency (RF) Circuits
23.1 Modulation of radio waves
23.2 Low-power RF amplifiers
23.3 Stability
23.4 Linearity
23.5 Noise and dynamic range
23.6 Impedances and gain
23.7 Mixers
23.8 Demodulators
23.9 Oscillators
References
Chapter 24 Signal Sources
24.1 Voltage references
24.2 Non-sinusoidaI waveform generators
24.3 Sine wave generators
24.4 Voltage-controlled oscillators and phase detectors
References
Chapter 25 EDA Design Tools for Analog and RF
25.1 The Old Pencil and Paper Design Process
25.2 Is Your Simulation Fundamentally Valid?
25.3 Macromodels: What Can They Do?
25.4 Concluding Remarks
25.5 VHDL-AMS
25.6 Summary
References
Chapter 26 Useful Circuits
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Boundary Conditions
26.3 Amplifiers
26.4 Computing Circuits
26.5 Oscillators
26.6 Some.of.My.Favorite.Circuits.
References
Chapter 27 Programmable Logic to ASICs
27.1 Programmable Read Only Memories (PROMs)
27.2 Programmable Logic Arrays (PLAs)
27.3 Programmable Array Logic (PALs)
27.4 The Masked Gate Array ASIC
27.5 CPLDs and FPGAs
27.6 Summary
References
Chapter 28 Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs)
28.1 CPLD Architectures
28.2 Function Blocks
28.3 I/O Blocks
28.4 Clock Drivers
28.5 Interconnect
28.6 CPLD Technology and Programmable Elements
28.7 Embedded Devices
28.8 Summary: CPLD Selection Criteria
References
Chapter 29 Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs)
29.1 FPGA Architectures
29.2 Configurable Logic Blocks
29.3 Configurable I/O Blocks
29.4 Embedded Devices
29.5 Programmable Interconnect
29.6 Clock Circuitry
29.7 SRAM vs. Antifuse Programming
29.8 Emulating and Prototyping ASICs
29.9 Summary
References
Chapter 30 Design Automation and Testing for FPGAs
30.1 Simulation
30.2 Simple test bench: instantiating components
30.3 Libraries
30.4 Synthesis
30.5 Physical design flow
30.6 Place and route
30.7 Timing analysis
30.8 Design pitfalls
30.9 VHDL issues for FPGA design
30.10 Summary
References
Chapter 31 Integrating processors onto FPGAs
31.1 Introduction
31.2 A simple embedded processor
31.3 Soft core processors on an FPGA
31.4 Summary
Chapter 32 Implementing digital filters in VHDL
32.1 Introduction
32.2 Converting S-domain to Z-domain
32.3 Implementing Z-domain functions in VHDL
32.4 Basic low pass filter model
32.5 FIR filters
32.6 IIR filters
32.7 Summary
Chapter 33 Overview
33.1 Microprocessor systems
33.2 Single-chip microcomputers
33.3 Microcontrollers
33.4 Microprocessor systems
33.5 Data types
33.6 Data storage
33.7 Microprocessor operation
33.8 A microcontroller system
Chapter 34 Microcontroller Toolbox
34.1 Microcontroller Supply and Reference
34.2 Resistor Networks
34.3 Multiple Input Control
34.4 AC Control
34.5 Voltage Monitors and Supervisory Circuits
34.6 Driving Bipolar Transistors
34.7 Driving MOSFETs
34.8 Reading Negative Voltages
34.9 Example Control System
Chapter 35 Overview
35.1 Power.Supplies
Chapter 36 Specifications
Chapter 37 Off the shelf versus roll your own
37.1 Costs
Chapter 38 Input and output parameters
38.1 Voltage
38.2 Current
38.3 Fuses
38.4 Switch-on surge, or inrush current
38.5 Waveform distortion and interference
38.6 Frequency
38.7 Efficiency
38.8 Deriving the input voltage from the output
38.9 Low-load condition
38.10 Rectifier and capacitor selection
38.11 Load and line regulation
38.12 Ripple and noise
38.13 Transient response
Chapter 39 Batteries
39.1 Initial considerations
39.2 Primary cells
39.3 Secondary cells
39.4 Charging
Chapter 40 Layout and Grounding for Analog and Digital Circuits
40.1 The Similarities of Analog and Digital Layout Practices
40.2 Where the Domains Differ – Ground Planes Can Be a Problem
40.3 Where the Board and Component Parasitics Can Do the Most Damage
40.4 Layout Techniques That Improve ADC Accuracy and Resolution
40.5 The Art of Laying Out Two-Layer Boards
40.6 Current Return Paths With or Without a Ground Plane
40.7 Layout Tricks for a 12-Bit Sensing System
40.8 General Layout Guidelines – Device Placement
40.9 General Layout Guidelines – Ground and Power Supply Strategy
40.10 Signal Traces
40.11 Did I Say Bypass and Use an Anti-Aliasing Filter?
40.12 Bypass Capacitors
40.13 Anti-Aliasing Filters
40.14 PCB Design Checklist
References
Chapter 41 Safety
41.1 Safety classes
41.2 Insulation types
41.3 Design considerations for safety protection
41.4 Fire hazard
Chapter 42 Design for Production
42.1 Checklist
42.2 The dangers of ESD
Chapter 43 Testability
43.1 In-circuit testing
43.2 Functional testing
43.3 Boundary scan and JTAG
43.4 Design techniques
Chapter 44 Reliability
44.1 Definitions
44.2 The cost of reliability
44.3 Design for reliability
44.4 The value of MTBF figures
44.5 Design faults
Chapter 45 Thermal Management
45.1 Using thermal resistance
45.2 Heatsinks
45.3 Power semiconductor mounting
45.4 Placement and layout
Appendix A Standards
A.1 British standards
A.2 IEC standards
Product details
- No. of pages: 1248
- Language: English
- Copyright: © Newnes 2008
- Published: August 25, 2008
- Imprint: Newnes
- eBook ISBN: 9780080949659
About the Authors
Darren Ashby
Affiliations and Expertise
Electronics Product Line Manager, ICON Fitness, one of the world's largest consumers of embedded chips, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Bonnie Baker
Bonnie Baker has been involved with analog design and analog systems for nearly 20 years, having started as a manufacturing product engineer supporting analog products at Burr-Brown. From there, Bonnie moved up to IC design, analog division strategic marketer, and then corporate applications engineering manager. In 1998, she joined Microchip Technology’s Microperipherals Division as the analog/mixed signal applications engineering manager. This has expanded her background to not only include analog applications, but to the microcontroller.
Bonnie holds a Masters of Science in Electrical Engineering from the University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ) and a bachelor’s degree in music education from Northern Arizona University (Flagstaff, AZ). In addition to her fascination with analog design, Bonnie has a drive to share her knowledge and experience and has written more than 200 articles, design notes, and application notes and she is a frequent presenter at technical conferences and shows.
Affiliations and Expertise
Columnist for EDN Magazine's "Baker's Best"
Ian Hickman
Affiliations and Expertise
Electronics author and freelance journalist
Walt Kester
Affiliations and Expertise
Analog Devices technical staff
Robert Pease
Pease attended Mt. Hermon School, and graduated from MIT in 1961 with a BSEE. He worked at Philbrick Researches up to 1975 and designed many OpAmps and Analog Computing Modules.
Pease joined National Semiconductor in 1976. He has designed about 24 analog ICs including power regulators, voltage references, and temp sensors. He has written 65+ magazine articles and holds about 21 US patents. Pease is the self-declared Czar of Bandgaps since 1986. He enjoys hiking and trekking in Nepal, and ferroequinology. His position at NSC is Staff Scientist. He is a Senior Member of the IEEE.
Pease wrote the definitive book, TROUBLESHOOTING ANALOG CIRCUITS, now in its 18th printing. It has been translated into French, German, Dutch, Russian, and Polish. Pease is a columnist in Electronic Design magazine, with over 240 columns published. The column, PEASE PORRIDGE, covers a wide range of technical topics.
Pease also has posted many technical and semi-technical items on his main web-site: http://www.national.com/rap Many of Pease's recent columns are accessible there.
Pease was inducted into the E.E. Hall Of Fame in 2002. Refer to: http://www.elecdesign.com/Articles/Index.cfm?ArticleID=17269&Extension=pdf See Pease's other web site at http://www.transtronix.com
Affiliations and Expertise
National Semiconductor Corporation
Tim Williams
Tim Williams worked for a variety of companies as an electronic design engineer, before startinghis own consultancy specializing in EMC design and test advice and training. He has monitored the progress of the EMC Directive and its associated standards since it was first made public, over the last 25 years.
Affiliations and Expertise
Elmac Services, Wareham, UK
Bob Zeidman
Bob Zeidman is the president of The Chalkboard Network, an e-learning company for high-tech professionals. He is also president of Zeidman Consulting, a hardware and software contract development firm. Since 1983, he has designed CPLDs, FPGAs, ASI