Chemical Compounds in The Atmosphere

1st Edition - January 1, 1978
Author: T Graedel
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 9 8 4 - 6

Chemical Compounds in the Atmosphere deals with the chemistry of organic and inorganic compounds found in the atmosphere, including rare gases and compounds of oxygen and hydrogen,… Read more

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Chemical Compounds in the Atmosphere deals with the chemistry of organic and inorganic compounds found in the atmosphere, including rare gases and compounds of oxygen and hydrogen, halogenated aromatic compounds, and organometallic compounds. The sources and concentrations of atmospheric trace gases are discussed, along with their chemical reactions and ultimate fates. The compounds are divided into groups on the basis of chemical constituent or chemical structure. Comprised of 10 chapters, this book opens with an overview of atmospheric composition and atmospheric chemistry, followed by a discussion on inorganic compounds present in the troposphere such as rare gases and compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. The next chapters focus on hydrocarbons such as alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes; carbonyl compounds such as ketones and aldehydes; oxygenated and nitrogen- and sulfur-containing organic compounds; organic halogenated compounds such as mercaptans and thiocyanates; and organometallic compounds such as organophosphorus pesticides. The final chapter is a synthesis of data on atmospheric compounds mentioned in this text, with emphasis on their occurrence, sources, oxidation, and lifetimes. The chemistry of acid rain is also considered. This monograph will be of value to those engaged in atmospheric measurements, theoretical and laboratory studies of chemical parameters relevant to the atmosphere, and air quality assessments.

Preface

1. Introduction

1.1 Atmospheric Composition and Atmospheric Chemistry

1.2 The Tables

1.3 The Text Information

2. Inorganic Compounds

2.0 Introduction

2.1 Rare Gases and Compounds of Oxygen and Hydrogen

2.2 Inorganic Nitrogen Compounds

2.3 Inorganic Sulfur Compounds

2.4 Inorganic Halogenated Compounds

2.5 Inorganic Elements, Hydrides, Oxides, and Carbonates

3. Hydrocarbons

3.0 Introduction

3.1 Alkanes

3.2 Alkenes and Alkynes

3.3 Terpenes

3.4 Cyclic Hydrocarbons

3.5 Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Benzene and Derivatives

3.6 Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Naphthalene and Derivatives

3.7 Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons

4. Carbonyl Compounds

4.0 Introduction

4.1 Aliphatic Aldehydes

4.2 Olefinic Aldehydes

4.3 Cyclic Aldehydes

4.4 Aromatic Aldehydes

4.5 Aliphatic Ketones

4.6 Olefinic Ketones

4.7 Cyclic Ketones

4.8 Aromatic Ketones and Quinones

5. Oxygenated Organic Compounds

5.0 Introduction

5.1-5.4 Organic Acids

5.5-5.8 Esters

5.9-5.12 Alcohols

5.13 Organic Peroxides

5.14-5.17 Ethers

6. Nitrogen-Containing Organic Compounds

6.0 Introduction

6.1 Nitriles

6.2 Amines

6.3 Nitro Compounds

6.4 Heterocyclic Nitrogen Compounds

7. Sulfur-Containing Organic Compounds

7.0 Introduction

7.1 Mercaptans

7.2 Organic Sulfides

7.3 Heterocyclic Sulfur Compounds

7.4 Thio Acids, Thiocyanates

8. Organic Halogenated Compounds

8.0 Introduction

8.1 Halogenated Alkanes and Alkenes

8.2 Halogenated Aromatic Compounds

8.3 Chlorinated Pesticides

9. Organometallic Compounds

9.0 Introduction

9.1 Organometallics: Alkanes, Carbonyls, Siloxanes

9.2 Organophosphorus Pesticides

10. Synthesis of Data on Atmospheric Compounds

10.0 Introduction

10.1 Compound Occurrence Summary

10.2 Sources of Atmospheric Compounds

10.3 Oxidation in the Troposphere

10.4 Acid Rain

10.5 Tropospheric Cycles

10.6 Lifetimes of Compounds in the Troposphere

10.7 Summary

References

Appendices

A. Sources of Atmospheric Compounds

B. Chemical Products and Precursors

Index