Carvers' Medical Imaging

3rd Edition - May 28, 2021
Authors: Elizabeth Carver, Barry Carver, Karen Knapp
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 7 0 2 0 - 6 9 5 5 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 7 0 2 0 - 8 5 3 1 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 7 0 2 0 - 8 5 3 0 - 7

The third edition of Carvers’ Medical Imaging supports radiography students to take a reflective, evidence-based approach that will enhance their practice. This important textb… Read more

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The third edition of Carvers’ Medical Imaging supports radiography students to take a reflective, evidence-based approach that will enhance their practice.

This important textbook comprehensively covers the full range of medical imaging methods and techniques in one volume, and discusses them in relation to imaging principles, radiation dose, patient condition, body area and pathologies. It encourages the student to critically analyse their work rather than simply carrying out tasks.

The book has been updated by an impressive team of contributors to align with developments in both radiographic techniques and the role of the radiographer. It is an essential companion for students of BSc (Hons) diagnostic radiography, those undertaking a foundation degree in radiographic practice or bachelor of medicine, and postgraduates alike.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgements
Dedication
List of Contributors
Abbreviations
1. Digital Imaging
Advantages of Digital Imaging
Computed Radiography
Digital Radiography
Image Display
Digital Image Manipulation
Quality Assurance and Quality Control
2. Image Quality and Dose
Image Quality
Dosimetry
3. Introduction to General Radiography and Preliminary Clinical Evaluation
Projection Names
Patient Preparation
Image Recording (CR Cassettes and Digital Plates)
Focus Receptor and Object Receptor Distance
Anatomical Markers
Image Identification
Dose Reduction Methods
Preliminary Clinical Evaluation (PCE) in X-ray Examination of the Skeleton
Commonly Encountered Pathologies that Affect the Skeleton and Its Articulations
4. Fingers, Hand and Wrist
Thumb
Fingers
Hand
Wrist
Scaphoid
Carpal Tunnel
5. Forearm, Elbow, Humerus and Shoulder Girdle
Forearm (Radius and Ulna)
Elbow
Head of Radius
Humerus
Intertuberous Sulcus (Bicipital Groove)
The Shoulder Girdle
Clavicle
Scapula
Acromioclavicular Joints
6. Foot, Toes, Ankle, Tibia and Fibula
Foot and Toes
Toes
Ankle
Subtalar Joint/Talocalcaneal Joints
Calcaneum
Tibia and Fibula
7. Knee and Femur
Introduction
Knee
Intercondylar Notch
Patella
Femur
8. Pelvis and Hips
Acetabulum
Pelvimetry
9. Cervical and Thoracic Spine
Cervical Spine
Lateral Projections
Anteroposterior (AP) Projections
Oblique Projections
Other Imaging Modalities and the Cervical Spine
Thoracic Spine
10. Lumbar Spine, Sacrum and Coccyx
Challenges of the Lumbar Spine Examination
AP and Lateral Projections
Oblique Projections
Erect Laterals in Flexion and Extension
Sacroiliac Joints
Sacrum
Coccyx
11. Principles of Radiography of the Head
Introduction
A Logical Approach to Technique
Basic Positions of the Head
Table-Top/Trolley or Erect Technique?
Summary
12. Cranial Vault and Specialised Projections of the Head
Specialised Projections of the Skull
Mastoids
Temporal Bone: Petrous Portion for Internal Auditory Meati (IAMs)
Optic Foramen
Jugular Foramina
13. Facial Bones and Paranasal Sinuses
General Survey of Facial Bones
Orbits
Nasal Bones
Mandible
Temporomandibular Joints (TMJs)
Zygomatic Arches
Paranasal Sinuses
14. Dental Radiography
Dose Reduction and Radiation Protection
Difficulties in Providing Accuracy of Dental Assessment
Terminology Associated with Dental Radiography
Techniques Used in Dental Radiography
Recording and Displaying the Image
Intraoral Techniques
Dental Panoramic Tomography (DPT)
Cephalometry
Cone Beam Computed Tomography
15. Chest and Thoracic Skeleton
Common Findings on the Chest Image
The Chest X-ray and Infectious Patients
The Erect PA Chest Projection and Comments on Its Implementation
Other Chest Projections
Lung Apices
Oblique Projections of the Chest
Thoracic Inlet
Thoracic Skeleton
Sternum
Sternoclavicular (SC) Joints
16. Abdomen
Bariatric Patients
17. Emergency Department Radiography
The Role of the Radiographer in the Multidisciplinary Team
Mechanisms of Injury
Further Projections and Adapted Techniques
Selection of Trauma Imaging Equipment
18. Principles of Theatre and Mobile Radiography
Theatre Radiography
Mobile Radiography
19. Paediatric Imaging in General Radiography
Introduction
Special Considerations When Imaging Children
Radiation Protection and Dose Limitation
Radiographic Examinations
Facilitating the Radiographic Examination
Common Mistakes and Errors
Chest
Abdomen
Appendicular Skeleton: Upper Limb
Appendicular Skeleton: Lower Limb
Axial Skeleton: Vertebral Column
Axial Skeleton: Pelvis and Hips
Axial Skeleton: Skull and Facial Projections
Skeletal Surveys
20. Contrast Media
History of Radiographic Contrast Media
Requirements of the ‘Ideal’ Contrast Medium and Types of Contrast Agent
Possible Side-Effects of Ionic-Based Contrast Media
Administration of Intravenous Contrast Media
Arterial Administration of Contrast Media
Use of Contrast Media in Other Examinations
21. Gastrointestinal Imaging
Notes on Position Terminology for Fluoroscopic Examination
Upper GI Tract
Small Bowel
Lower GI Tract: Large Bowel
Defaecating Proctography
Accessory Organs of the Gastrointestinal Tract – Salivary Glands
Accessory Organs of the Gastrointestinal Tract – Gallbladder and Biliary Tree
Other Diagnostic Techniques for the Gallbladder
Other Techniques for Assessing the Biliary Tree
Assessment of the Pancreas
22. Genitourinary Contrast Imaging
Common Pathologies and Clinical Indications for Imaging of the Urinary System
Radiographic Examination of the Urinary System – Intravenous Urography (IVU)
Series of Projections for the IVU
Radiographic Projections for the IVU
Radiographic Examinations of the Bladder and Urethra – Cystography and Urethrography
Other Methods for Imaging the Urinary System
Radiographic Examination of the Female Reproductive System
Other Methods for Assessment of Fallopian Tubes and Uterine Abnormalities
23. Vascular Imaging
Imaging of the Cardiovascular System
Vascular Imaging of the Head and Neck
Conclusion
24. Interventional and Therapeutic Procedures
Vascular Interventional Procedures
Future Developments and Current Impact of Interventional Vascular Procedures
Reflection on Endovascular Therapy
Non-vascular Interventional Procedures or Therapies
Non-vascular Interventional Techniques: Gastrointestinal Tract
Non-vascular Interventional Techniques: The Biliary Tree
Non-vascular Interventional Techniques: Urogenital Tract
Reflection on Intervention and Therapies
25. Breast Imaging
Introduction and Rationale
Symptomatic Mammography
Asymptomatic Mammography
Communication with Women Undergoing Mammography
Breast Screening
Breast Disease Demonstrated with Mammography
Dose Implications for the Breast Undergoing Mammography
Digital Mammography
Alternative and Complementary Imaging Techniques
Mammography Technique
Mammographic Projections
Supplementary Projections
Ultrasound
Breast Lesion Localisation
26. Computed Tomography
Introduction
Equipment Chronology
Equipment
Physical Principles of Scanning
Image Quality
CT Safety: Dose
Common Clinical Applications
Future Developments
27. Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Introduction
Equipment Chronology
Science and Instrumentation
MRI Safety
The Physical Principles of MRI
Common Clinical Applications
Suggested MRI Protocols by Body Area
28. Radionuclide Imaging
Introduction
Equipment Chronology
Science and Instrumentation
Image Acquisition and Quality
Safety
Fundamentals of Nuclear Medicine Technique
Common Nuclear Medicine Investigations
PET-CT
Summary
29. Ultrasound
Introduction
Equipment Chronology
Physical Principles of Ultrasound
Equipment and Technology
Ultrasound Safety
Clinical Applications
Gynaecology
Obstetrics
Future Developments
30. Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry
Quality Assurance
Multiple Scanner Departments
Referral Criteria for DXA
Prior to the Scan
Site Selection
Vertebral Fracture Assessment (VFA)
Total Body Scans
Image Analysis
Calculation and Interpretation of Bone Mineral Density
Longitudinal Monitoring
Index

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Elizabeth Carver

Barry Carver