Cardiovascular Review 1982

Preface to Third (1982) EditionPreface to First (1979) EditionPreface to Second (1980) EditionIschemic Heart Disease I. Natural History Angina Myocardial Infarction Aneurysm The Changing Mortality of Coronary Heart Disease Progression of Coronary Atherosclerosis Regression II. Epidemiology and Risk Factors Age, Sex, and Genetics Blood Pressure Coffee Contraceptives and Endogenous Influences Diabetes Mellitus Hematocrit Lipids Obesity Physical Fitness Psychosocial Risks Radiation Retiring Risk Intervention Smoking Trace Metals and Minerals (including Water Hardness) Uric Acid III. Clinical Aspects of Ischemic Heart Disease Angina Arrhythmias and Conduction Defects Asymptomatic or Unrecognized Ischemia and Myocardial Infarction Bezold-Jarisch Reflex Diabetes Extension vs Expansion of Myocardial Infarction Fever Heart Size Hypertension Hyperventilation Hypoxemia Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Left Main Coronary (LMC) Disease Pericarditis Peripheral Vascular Disease Prehospital Course Premonitory Symptoms (Prodrome) of an Acute Coronary Event Prognosis and Survival Pulmonary Edema Renal Disease Retinal Changes as an Indicator of Coronary Heart Disease Rupture Sex Shock Site of Infarction and Its Significance Sudden Death and Prehospital Cardiac Arrest Valsalva Maneuver Ventricular Aneurysm Young People with Coronary Heart Disease IV. Pathogenesis, Pathophysiology, and Pathology Alcohol Anomalies of Coronary Arteries Aortic Regurgitation Arteriovenous Fistula Atherogenesis Atrial Involvement Collaterals Complement Coxsackie Virus Drugs and Coronary Heart Disease Metabolism of Ischemia Myocardial Bridging Myocardial Oxygen Supply and Demand Nephrotic Syndrome Pathologic Anatomy and Its Significance Physiology of Coronary Heart Disease (Hemodynamics) Radiation Thromboembolism, Platelets, Prostaglandins, and Vasospastic Mechanisms Ventricular Function V. Diagnosis History Physical Examination Bayes' Theorem. The Effect of Pretest Likelihood of Disease on the Utility of Diagnostic Tests The Electrocardiogram at Rest Ambulatory Monitoring (Dynamic Electrocardiogram; DCG) Exercise Electrocardiography The Chemistry of Ischemia Scintigraphy (Radioisotopic Imaging) Echocardiography Fluoroscopy Systolic Time Intervals Sizing of Infarction Cardiac Catheterization (Hemodynamic, Cardiodynamic, and Coronary Arteriographic Studies) VI. Therapy Medical Management Special Therapeutic Situations SurgeryValvular Heart Disease I. Etiology and Incidence II. Clinical Aortic Stenosis (AS) and Bicuspid Aortic Valve (AV) Aortic Regurgitation Mitral Stenosis Mitral Regurgitation (MR) Mitral Annular Calcification Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP; Click Syndrome) Tricuspid Valve Prolapse (Multiple Floppy Valves) Tricuspid Stenosis (TS) Embolic Complications The Myocardial Impairment and Hypertrophy of Valvular Disease Prognosis III. Therapy of Valvular Heart Disease Medical Pacing SurgeryArrhythmias and Conduction Defects I. Cardiac Rhythm in Healthy Populations II. Diagnosis III. Supraventricular Arrhythmias Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT) Atrial Flutter Atrial Fibrillation Atrial Dissiciation Atrial Standstill Chaotic Atrial Mechanisms Junctional Mechanisms Hemodynamics of Atrioventricular Dissociation IV. Ventricular Arrhythmias Etiology and Associated Conditions Risk and Natural History Site, Significance, and Prognosis Coupling Intervals Associated Conduction Defects Ventricular Tachycardia Ventricular Fibrillation Electrophysiologic Studies V. Long Q-T Syndromes (LQTS) and Torsade des Pointes Etiology and Pathophysiology Clinical Pathology Treatment Results and Prognosis VI. Conduction Classification Atrial Atrioventricular Junction Block (AVB) His-Purkinje Conduction, Bundle Branch, and Fascicular Block Accelerated Conduction (Wolff-Parkinson-White, Lown-Ganong-Levine, and Concealed Accessory Pathways) Conduction as Affected by Electrolytes VII. Sick Sinus Syndrome (including Carotid Sinus Syncope) Etiology and Pathology Clinical Characteristics Associated Arrhythmias and Conduction Defects Drug Effects Diagnosis Risk and Prognosis VIII. Treatment of Arrhythmias and Conduction Defects Indications for Treatment General Principles Results of Treatment Antiarrhythmic Agents Pacemaker Therapy Neuromechanical Maneuvers SurgeryAcromegalyAgingAlcoholAmyloidosisAnemia (including Sickle Cell Anemia)Aneurysm of Great Vessels Anorexia NervosaArteritisAthletic HeartBartter's SyndromeCardiomyopathy I. Hypertrophic (HCM) Etiology Pathology Vertricular Function and Hemodynamics Mechanism of Obstruction Cavity Obliteration Mechanism of Systolic Anterior Mitral Motion (SAM) and Mitral Prolapse Apical Hypertrophy Symptoms and Clinical Course Arrhythmias and Conduction Defects Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Childhood Natural History, Prognosis, and Sudden Death Coronary Artery Disease and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Other Associated Cardiac Diseases Diagnosis Treatment II. Congestive (Dilated) Cardiomyopathy Etiology Prevalence and Prognosis Clinical Aspects Electrophysiology III. Restrictive CardiomyopathyCardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)Chemotherapy CirrhosisCongenital Heart Disease in the AdultCongestive Heart Failure and Pulmonary Edema I. Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology II. Positive Inotropic Agents Digitalis Other Positive Inotropic Agents III. Diuretics and Cathartics Potassium Wasting Diuretics Potassium Sparing Diuretics General Clinical Considerations Side Effects IV. Unloading Programs Psychology of Unloading Clinical Response Status of Precautions Specific Agents Comparative Effects V. Miscellaneous Agents VI. Beta Blockers VII. Calcium InhibitorsCollagen and Connective Tissue Disease I. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) II. Scleroderma III. Periarterisis Nodosa IV. Polymyositis V. Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome VI. Rheumatoid Arthritis VII. Marfan Syndrome VIII. MucopolycaccharidosesElectrocardiagraphy I. P Wave II. The QRS Interval R Wave Progression Hemodialysis Hypertrophy Axis Shifts and Conduction Defects Hemodynamic Correlates III. The QT Interval IV. The ST Segment Early Repolarization Syndrome The Juvenile Pattern V. T Wave VI. Osborne Wave VII. VectorcardiogramEndocarditis I. Bacterial Clinical Specific Risks Bacteriology Diagnosis Prognosis Special Therapeutic Considerations Prophylaxis II. Nonbacterial Fungal Endocarditis Marantic (Nonbacterial) EndocarditisFabry's Disease (Angiokeratoma Corporis Diffusum Universale)HemochromatosisHypereosinophilic SyndromesHypertension I. Prevalence and Significance II. Correlates III. Hemodynamics and the Evolution of Hypertension Earliest Derangements Borderline and Labile Hypertension Hyperkinetic Essential Hypertension Race and Hemodynamics Hypertension in the Elderly IV. The Humoral Aspects of Hypertension Pathophysiology Etiologic Endocrine Mechanisms V. Neurovascular Aspects of Hypertension Baroreceptors Vascular Reactivity VI. Renal and Renovascular Mechanisms VII. Volume Overload Hypertension VIII. Miscellaneous Hypertensive Relationships Alcohol Contraceptives Other Chemicals and Drugs Diabetes Diet, Salt, and Obesity Gaisbock's Syndrome Pregnancy Quadriplegia IX. Malignant (Accelerated) Hypertension X. Anatomic and Clinical Consequences Left Ventricle Right Ventricle XI. Measurement XII. Detection and Diagnosis XIII. Treatment Special Therapeutic Considerations Pharmacologic Therapy Nonpharmacologic TherapyHypotensionMagnesiumMarfans SyndromeMarijuanaMucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome (MCLS; Kawasaki's Disease)Muscular DystrophyMyocarditisMyxedemaObesityPericardium I. Function II. Acute Pericarditis Etiology Diagnosis III. Constrictive-Effusive Pericarditis Etiology Clinical Aspects and Diagnosis IV. Pericardial Effusion and Tamponade Clinical Aspects Diagnosis TreatmentPeripheral Vascular Disease I. Pathogenesis II. Pharmacotherapy Calcium Antagonists Other VasodilatorsPregnancyPulmonary Disease I. Alveolar Hypoventilation Pathophysiology Clinical Aspects Treatment II. Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD) Natural History Clinical Ventricular Function Hemodynamics Heart Size Adenoids Arrhythmias Electrocardiogram Echocardiogram Pulmonary Embolism Therapeutic Considerations III. Drug-Induced Lung Disease IV. Noncardiac Pulmonary Edema V. Pulmonary Hemorrhage VI. Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Pathophysiology Adaptation to Oxygen Diagnosis Gastrointestinal Complications Therapy VII. Pleural EffusionPulmonary Vascular Disease I. Pulmonary Embolism (PE) and Peripheral Venous Disease Clinical Aspects Diagnosis Prognosis Treatment II. Pulmonary Hypertension Classification Etiology Pathophysiology Diagnosis Prognosis TherapyRadiationRheumatic FeverRheumatoid ArthritisSarcoidosisSounds and MurmursStrokeThrombocytopenic PurpuraThyroidTime Intervals, Systolic and Diastolic I. Systolic Hemodynamic Correlation Clinical Correlation II. Diastolic Time Intervals Trauma Tumors of the HeartSupplement ISupplement IISupplement IIISupplement IVSupplement VSupplement VISupplement VIIGlossaryIndex