Calcium And Phosphorus Metabolism

Calcium And Phosphorus Metabolism

1st Edition - January 1, 1973

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  • Author: James Irving
  • eBook ISBN: 9780323158862

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Description

Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism focuses on the metabolism of calcium and inorganic phosphorus and covers topics ranging from the mechanism of calcium and phosphorus absorption in the intestine to calcium and phosphorus balances and retention. The results of balance experiments on the intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus are also presented. This book is comprised of 15 chapters and begins with an introduction to dietary sources of calcium and phosphorus, including water. The influence of vitamin D on the mechanism of calcium and phosphorus absorption in the intestine is then examined, along with calcium and phosphorus content of the body; recommended daily calcium and phosphorus requirements; calcium and phosphorus in the blood; and bone formation and resorption. The remaining chapters explore the chemical and organic composition of bone, together with theories of mineralization and the action of endocrine glands on bone as well as calcium and phosphorus metabolism. The final chapter is devoted to the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in the teeth. This monograph will serve as a useful guide for biochemists and physiologists.

Table of Contents


  • Preface

    Chapter 1. Dietary Sources of Calcium and Phosphorus

    Water as a Source of Calcium

    Chapter 2. Mechanism of Calcium and Phosphorus Absorption in the Intestine: The Action of Vitamin D

    Vitamin D

    Calcium Absorption

    Calcium-Binding Protein (CaBP)

    Action of Actinomycin D

    Enzymes and Calcium Absorption

    Phosphorus Absorption

    Submicroscopic Location of Vitamin D

    Vitamin D Metabolites

    Distribution of Vitamin D in the Body

    Chapter 3. Intestinal Absorption of Calcium and Phosphorus Data from Balance Experiments

    Calcium

    Habituation to Low Calcium Intakes

    Other Factors Affecting Calcium Absorption

    Absorption of Phosphorus

    Chapter 4. Calcium and Phosphorus Content of the Body

    Total Calcium

    Effects of Dietary Calcium

    Placental Transfer of Calcium and Phosphorus

    Calcium Content in Humans

    Calcium Content in Individual Tissues

    Phosphorus Content of the Body

    Chapter 5. Calcium and Phosphorus Balances and Retention

    Calcium Loss in Sweat

    Adaptation to Low Calcium Intakes

    Calcium and Phosphorus Studies

    Chapter 6. Recommended Daily Calcium and Phosphorus Requirements

    Calcium Requirements

    Phosphorus

    Chapter 7. Blood Calcium and Phosphorus

    Blood Calcium

    Forms of Blood Calcium

    Blood Calcium and Egg-Laying

    Blood Phosphorus

    Homeostasis of Plasma Phosphate

    Forms of Phosphorus in the Blood

    Nonultrafiltrable Phosphorus

    Endocrine Factors and the Blood Calcium and Phosphorus Levels

    Dietary Factors and the Blood Calcium and Phosphorus Levels

    Chapter 8. Bone Formation and Resorption

    Bone Formation

    Bone Resorption

    Chapter 9. Bone

    Chemical Composition of Bone

    The Apatite Crystals of Bone

    Organic Constituents of Bone

    Theories of Mineralization

    Chapter 10. Dietary Factors on Bone and Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism

    Protein Uptake and Bone Formation

    Vitamin A

    Ascorbic Acid

    Calcium, Phosphorus, and Vitamin D

    Histological Changes in Rickets

    Vitamin D

    Chapter 11. Action of Endocrine Glands on Bone and Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism

    Hypophysis

    Cortisone

    Estrogens

    The Parathyroid Gland

    Cyclic AMP

    Calcitonin

    Thyroid

    Osteoporosis

    Chapter 12. Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism of the Teeth

    Enamel

    Dentin

    Metabolic Activity of the Teeth

    Influence of Factors upon Erupting Teeth

    Experimental Dental Caries

    Vitamins

    Endocrine Glands

    Chapter 13. Excretion of Calcium and Phosphorus in the Urine

    Calcium

    Phosphorus

    Magnesium, Calcium, and Phosphorus

    Chapter 14. Kinetic and Cybernetic Analysis of Calcium Metabolism

    Introduction

    General Approach

    Cybernetic Analysis

    Concluding Remarks

    Chapter 15. Cellular Functions of Calcium

    Calcium and Nerve Excitation

    Calcium in Neuromuscular and Synaptic Transmission

    Calcium and Cellular Extrusion Processes

    The Role of Calcium in Muscular Contraction

    Calcium and Mitochondria

    Other Functions of Calcium and Concluding Remarks

    Bibliography

    Subject Index

Product details

  • No. of pages: 256
  • Language: English
  • Copyright: © Academic Press 1973
  • Published: January 1, 1973
  • Imprint: Academic Press
  • eBook ISBN: 9780323158862

About the Author

James Irving

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