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Biopolymers and Biotech Admixtures for Eco-Efficient Construction Materials
1st Edition - January 11, 2016
Editors: Fernando Pacheco-Torgal, Volodymyr Ivanov, Niranjan Karak, Henk Jonkers
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:9780081002148
9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 1 0 0 2 1 4 - 8
eBook ISBN:9780081002094
9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 1 0 0 2 0 9 - 4
Since 1930 more than 100,000 new chemical compounds have been developed and insufficient information exists on the health assessment of 95 percent of these chemicals in which a re…Read more
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Since 1930 more than 100,000 new chemical compounds have been developed and insufficient information exists on the health assessment of 95 percent of these chemicals in which a relevant percentage are used in construction products. For instance Portland cement concrete, the most used material on the Planet (10.000 million tons/year that in the next 40 years will increase around 100 %) currently used in around 15% of total concrete production contains chemicals used to modify their properties, either in the fresh or hardened state.
Biopolymers are materials that are developed from natural resources. They reduce dependence on fossil fuels and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. There is a worldwide demand to replace petroleum-based materials with renewable resources.
Currently bio-admixtures represent just a small fraction of the chemical admixtures market (around 20%) but with environmental awareness for constituents in construction materials generally growing (the Construction Products Regulation is being enforced in Europe since 2013), the trend towards bio-admixtures is expected to continue.
This book provides an updated state-of-the-art review on biopolymers and their influence and use as admixtures in the development of eco-efficient construction materials.
Provides essential knowledge for researchers and producers working on the development of biopolymer-modified construction materials
Discusses the various types of biopolymers currently available, their different production techniques, their use as bio-admixtures in concretes and mortars and applications in other areas of civil engineering such as soil stability, wood preservation, adhesives and coatings
All contributions are made from leading researchers, who have intensive involvement in the design and use of biopolymers in construction materials
Civil and construction engineers, architects and materials scientists, producers of biopolymer modified cement-based materials.
Related titles
List of contributors
Woodhead Publishing Series in Civil and Structural Engineering
Foreword
1. Introduction to biopolymers and biotech admixtures for eco-efficient construction materials
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Biopolymers and biotech admixtures for eco-efficient construction materials
1.3. Outline of the book
Section One. Production of biopolymers for eco-efficient construction materials
2. Basic concepts on biopolymers and biotechnological admixtures for eco-efficient construction materials
2.1. Construction biotechnology
2.2. The types of biopolymers
2.3. Microbial polysaccharides and their applications in civil engineering
2.4. Bioclogging of soil using in situ production of microbial polysaccharides
2.5. Microbial plastics for civil engineering
2.6. Biocements and biogrouts
2.7. Conclusions
3. Biotechnological production of biopolymers and admixtures for eco-efficient construction materials
3.1. Biotechnology for the production of construction materials
3.2. Biotechnological production of bioplastics for construction
3.3. Biotechnological production of polysaccharide admixtures
3.4. Biotechnological production of biocements and biogrouts
3.5. Conclusions
4. Life cycle assessment of biopolymers
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Biopolymers
4.3. Life cycle assessment (LCA) method and models
4.4. LCA of biopolymers
4.5. Future research trends and conclusion
Section Two. Biopolymers and biotech admixtures in cement and mortars
5. Biotech admixtures for enhancing portland cement hydration
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Portland cement hydration
5.3. Biotech admixtures
5.4. Summary and future trends
6. Black liquor waste as a cement admixture or cement and concrete admixtures
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Air-entraining admixtures
6.3. Plasticizers
6.4. Superplasticizers
6.5. Retarders
6.6. Accelerators
6.7. Black liquor waste
6.8. Water-resisting admixtures
6.9. Conclusion
6.10. Future trends
Cement notation
7. High-performance superplasticizer based on chitosan
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Structure and properties of chitosan
7.3. High-performance superplasticizer based on chitosan
7.4. Dispersion capacity characterization of the chitosan superplasticizer
7.5. Adsorption properties of SCS on the cement surface
7.6. The application results of SCS in concrete
7.7. Microstructure characterization of hardened cement paste
7.8. Working mechanism of SCS
7.9. Conclusion and future research trends
8. Microorganism-based bioplasticizer for cementitious materials
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Efficient microorganisms and their use in construction
8.3. EM characterization
8.4. EM as plasticizer in cement
8.5. EM as plasticizer in concrete
8.6. Assessment of the impact of EM on the microstructure of concrete
8.7. EM as viscosity modifier in concrete
8.8. Conclusions
9. Fly ash-based geopolymer with kappa-carrageenan biopolymer
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Experimental study
9.3. Results
9.4. Discussion
9.5. Conclusions and suggestions for future work
Section Three. Biopolymers and biotech admixtures in concrete
10. Biopolymers with superplasticizer properties for concrete
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Biopolymers with superplasticizer properties
10.3. Use of biopolymers in concrete: case studies
10.4. Final considerations
11. Biopolymers with viscosity-enhancing properties for concrete
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Basic concepts of rheology and viscosity-enhancing admixtures
11.3. Biopolymers currently used as viscosity-enhancing admixtures
11.4. Biopolymers with potential for future use as viscosity-enhancing admixtures
11.5. Future trends
12. Biotech solutions for concrete repair with enhanced durability
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Biotechnological strategies for durable repair of concrete structures
12.3. Bacterial production of limestone in alkaline environments
12.4. Liquid bacteria-based system for durable repair of porous concrete structures
12.5. Biobased mortar systems for structural repair of concrete defects
12.6. Conclusions and future trends
Section Four. Other biopolymer applications
13. Rigid biofoam composites as eco-efficient construction materials
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Rigid foams
13.3. Foam processing
13.4. Foam morphology and characterisation
13.5. Rigid foam composites
13.6. Environmental impact
13.7. Application case studies
13.8. Conclusions and future trends
14. Biopolymers for wood preservation
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Wood preservation mechanisms
14.3. Examples of biopolymer wood preservatives
14.4. Conclusions and future trends
15. Biopolymers for paints and surface coatings
15.1. Introduction
15.2. Concept of biopolymers in paints and coatings
15.3. Naturally obtained biopolymers used in paints and coatings
15.4. Background and importance of biobased polymers
15.5. Biobased polymers used for paintings and coatings
15.6. Manufacturing of paints and coatings from biobased polymers
15.7. Conclusions and future trends
16. Bio-based adhesives
16.1. Introduction
16.2. Testing bioadhesives
16.3. Bioadhesive species
16.4. Discussion and conclusions
17. Biopolymers as biofilters and biobarriers
17.1. Introduction
17.2. Mechanism
17.3. Schematic view of contaminant removal by biobarrier
17.4. Monitoring the performance of a biofilter/biobarrier
17.5. Characterization of biopolymers as a supporter
17.6. Removal of contaminants from wastewater
17.7. Future trends
18. Biopolymers for superhydrophobic photocatalytic coatings
18.1. Introduction
18.2. Survey of approaches to biopolymers from renewable resources
18.3. Development of biopolymer from renewable resources
18.4. Service life of biopolymers
18.5. Modification of biopolymers using fillers
18.6. Titanium dioxide as polymer stabilization and photocatalysis agent
18.7. Biopolymers as superhydrophobic photocatalytic coatings
18.8. Conclusions and future trends
Index
No. of pages: 464
Language: English
Edition: 1
Published: January 11, 2016
Imprint: Woodhead Publishing
Hardback ISBN: 9780081002148
eBook ISBN: 9780081002094
FP
Fernando Pacheco-Torgal
Dr. F. Pacheco-Torgal is a principal investigator at the University of Minho, in Portugal. He currently holds the title of Counsellor from the Portuguese Engineers Association and has authored more than 300 publications. He is a member of the editorial boards for 9 international journals. He has acted as a foreign expert in the evaluation of 30 PhD theses. In the last 10 years he has been a Member of the Scientific Committee for almost 60 conferences most of them in Asian countries. He is also a grant assessor for several scientific institutions in 15 countries including the UK, US, Netherlands, China, France, Australia, Kazakhstan, Belgium, Spain, Czech Republic, Chile, Saudi Arabia, UA. Emirates, Croatia, Poland, and the EU Commission. He has also been an invited reviewer for 125 international journals and has reviewed almost 1200 papers and has been the lead editor of 27 books.
Affiliations and expertise
Principal Investigator, CTAC Research Centre, University of Minho, Guimaraes, Portugal.
VI
Volodymyr Ivanov
Dr. Volodymyr Ivanov has more than 40 years of teaching and research experience on Environmental, Industrial, and Construction Microbiology and Biotechnology in the universities of Europe, Asia, and USA. He has authored 200 papers, patents, book chapters and 8 monographs. His textbook “Environmental Microbiology for Engineers”, Francis & Taylor, 1st (2010) and 2nd (2015) editions, has been adopted for graduate and post-graduate courses in many universities. His research experience includes the supervision and participation in numerous projects on biotechnologies with biofilms and biogranules, microbial transformations of iron, biocementation, bioclogging, bioremediation of soil, and microbiological monitoring of water quality.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
NK
Niranjan Karak
Niranjan Karak is Professor of Polymer Science and Technology and Head of the Chemical Sciences Department at Tezpur University, India. He has published over 87 research papers, two books and two chapters in two edited books, and also regularly acts as a reviewer for many international polymer journals.
Affiliations and expertise
Advanced Polymer and Nanomaterial Laboratory (APNL), Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
HJ
Henk Jonkers
Henk Jonkers is a leading researcher and expert on self-healing bio-concrete and the sustainability Chair Leader of the Materials and Environment section in the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.
Affiliations and expertise
Department of Structural Engineering, Section of Materials & Environment, Delft University of Technology, Delft, NL
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