Biochar in Agriculture for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals

1st Edition - May 14, 2022
Editors: Daniel C.W. Tsang, Yong Sik Ok
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 5 3 4 3 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 5 3 4 4 - 6

Biochar in Agriculture for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals introduces the state-of-the-art of biochar for agricultural applications to actualize sustainable developme… Read more

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Biochar in Agriculture for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals introduces the state-of-the-art of biochar for agricultural applications to actualize sustainable development goals and highlight current challenges and the way forward. The book focuses on scientific knowledge and biochar technologies for agricultural soil improvement and plant growth. Sections provide state-of-the-art knowledge on biochar production and characterization, focus on biochar for agricultural application and soil improvement, discuss the roles of biochar for environmental improvement in farmland to relieve water and waste management as well as climate change, highlight biochar used for boosting bioeconomy and clean energy, and discuss future prospects.

This book will be important to agricultural engineers and researchers as well as those seeking to improve overall soil and environmental conditions through the use of biochar.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Preface
Part I: Introduction
Chapter 1. Agricultural waste-derived biochar for environmental management
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Biochar production and properties
1.3 Biochar for environmental management
1.4 Summary
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 2. Biochar and sustainable development goals
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Biochar material
2.3 Sustainable soil management by biochar
2.4 Prospect and future recommendations
2.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
Reference
Part II: Biochar Production and Tunable Properties
Chapter 3. Biochar and its potential to increase water, trace element, and nutrient retention in soils
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Biochar application into degraded soil
3.3 Conclusions and future directions to applying biochars in degraded soils
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 4. Biochar for carbon sequestration and environmental remediation in soil
Abstract
4.1 Biochar for carbon sequestration in soil
4.2 Biochar for environmental remediation in soil
4.3 Conclusion and future perspectives
References
Chapter 5. Hydrochar and activated carbon materials from P- and N-rich biomass waste for environmental remediation and bioenergy application
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 P- and N-rich biomass waste
5.3 Approaches and techniques to treat P- and N-rich biomass waste
5.4 Characterization of hydrochar and activated carbon materials
5.5 Environmental application of hydrochar and activated carbon materials
5.6 Economic feasibility and environmental impact of hydrochar and activated carbon materials
5.7 Conclusions and future prospects
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 6. The remediation potential of biochar derived from different biomass for typical pollution in agricultural soil
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Remediation of soil organic pollutants by the application of biochar
6.3 Remediation of heavy metal pollution by the application of biochar
6.4 The impact of biochar application on greenhouse gas emission reduction in soil
6.5 The effect of biochar application on soil microorganisms
6.6 Conclusion and future outlook
References
Chapter 7. Biochar production from lignocellulosic and nonlignocellulosic biomass using conventional and microwave heating
Abstract
7.1 Pyrolysis for biochar production
7.2 Heating method for pyrolysis
7.3 Conventional versus microwave-assisted pyrolysis
7.4 Conclusions and future prospects
References
Chapter 8. Biochar soil application: soil improvement and pollution remediation
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Biochar production technologies
8.3 Soil quality improvement
8.4 Soil pollution remediation
8.5 Economics of biochar production for soil enhancement
8.6 Conclusions
References
Part III: Biochar for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Production
Chapter 9. Biochar for clean composting and organic fertilizer production
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The role of biochar on physical properties of cleaner composting
9.3 The role of biochar on chemical properties of cleaner composting
9.4 The role of biochar on biological properties of cleaner composting
9.5 Application and prospect of biochar in organic fertilizer production
9.6 Future prospective
9.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10. Mineral-enriched biochar fertilizer for sustainable crop production and soil quality improvement
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Role of biochar in crop production
10.3 Biochar organo-mineral interaction in soil
10.4 Mineral-enriched biochar fertilizer
10.5 Future perspectives
10.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 11. Effects of biochar on the environmental behavior of pesticides
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Effect of biochar on pesticide sorption
11.3 Effect of biochar on pesticide transformation
11.4 Effect of biochar on bioavailability of soil animals and plants
11.5 Conclusions and future prospective
References
Chapter 12. Biochar nanoparticles: interactions with and impacts on soil and water microorganisms
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Generation of biochar nanoparticles
12.3 Interaction of microorganisms with BCNPs during remediation processes
12.4 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 13. Functionalized biochars for the (im) mobilization of potentially toxic elements in paddy soils under dynamic redox conditions: a case study
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Brief description of the case study
13.3 Impact of functionalized biochar application on the dynamics of Eh and pH
13.4 Impact of functionalized biochar application on the mobilization of PTEs in paddy soils
13.5 Summary
References
Chapter 14. The role of mineral compositions in biochar stability and reactivity
Abstract
14.1 The mineral compositions in biochar derived from various feedstocks
14.2 The stability of biochars as affected by mineral compositions
14.3 The reactivity of biochars as affected by mineral compositions
14.4 The manipulation of biochar mineral compositions
14.5 Perspectives
References
Chapter 15. Biochar production and modification for environmental improvement
Abstract
15.1 Biochar production
15.2 Biochar characterization
15.3 Biochar activation and modification
15.4 Biochar environmental application
15.5 Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 16. The impact of biochar on nutrient supplies in agricultural ecosystems
Abstract
16.1 Introduction
16.2 The concentrations of different nutrient elements in biochar
16.3 The role of biochar application in agricultural ecosystems
16.4 The response of nutrient mobility to biochar application
16.5 The impact of biochar-associated Si on crop growth
16.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 17. Utilization of biochar to mitigate the impacts of potentially toxic elements on sustainable agriculture
Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Impact of potentially toxic elements on sustainable agriculture
17.3 Use of biochar in remediating potentially toxic elements contaminated soil
17.4 Future directions of biochar technology for better remediation efficacy and sustainable agriculture
17.5 Perspectives and outlook
References
Part IV: Biochar for Environmental Improvement in Farmland
Chapter 18. Biochar for remediation of alkaline soils contaminated with toxic elements
Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Potential of biochar to (im)mobilize toxic elements in alkaline soil
18.3 Factors affecting biochar potential for toxic elements (im)mobilization in alkaline soil
18.4 Mechanisms for the interactions between biochar and toxic elements
18.5 Designer/modified biochar for immobilization of toxic elements in soil
18.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 19. Thallium pollution in farmland soils and its potential amendment by biochar-based materials
Abstract
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Sources of Tl pollution in farmland soils
19.3 Thallium pollution in farmland soils
19.4 Remediation of Tl-contaminated soil by biochar amendment
19.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 20. Effect of biochar on the emission of greenhouse gas in farmland
Abstract
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Production of biochar and its carbon neutral effect
20.3 Effect of biochar on the physical-chemical properties of farmland soil
20.4 Effect of biochar on the greenhouse gas emissions in farmland process
20.5 Effects of biochar on microbial community of farmland soil and mechanism of affecting the greenhouse gas emission in soil
20.6 Effect of modified biochar and biochar composite on greenhouse gas emission in farmland soil
20.7 Conclusion and perspectives
References
Chapter 21. Biochar for nutrient recovery from source-separated urine
Abstract
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Urine as a nutrient source
21.3 Adsorption of nutrients on biochar
21.4 Nutrient-rich biochar as soil amendment
21.5 Economical benefits of biochar application for nutrient recovery
21.6 Concerns on the use of biochar for nutrient recovery from urine
21.7 Challenges associated with the use of biochar for nutrient recovery from urine
21.8 Future perspectives and considerations
21.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 22. Influence of biochar on soil biology in the charosphere
Abstract
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Microbial colonization of the charosphere
22.3 Effect of biochar on the soil microbial diversity
22.4 Effect of biochar on the soil faunal diversity
22.5 Effect of biochar on physicochemical properties of soil
22.6 Soil biotic responses on the application of biochar amendments
22.7 Remarks and recommendations
References
Chapter 23. Biochar for sustainable immobilization of potentially toxic elements in contaminated farmland
Abstract
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Immobilization of cationic potentially toxic elements and relevant mechanisms
23.3 Immobilization of anionic potentially toxic elements and relevant mechanisms
23.4 Limitations of biochar amendment in contaminated farmland
23.5 Recommendations for biochar application
23.6 Summary
References
Chapter 24. Sequential biochar systems in a circular economy
Abstract
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Biochar systems
24.3 Examples of sequential biochar systems
24.4 Outlook
24.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Part V: Biochar for Circular Bioeconomy and Clean Energy for Sustainable Agriculture
Chapter 25. Production of biochar using sustainable microwave pyrolysis approach
Abstract
25.1 Biomass as a renewable and sustainable resource
25.2 Microwave pyrolysis
25.3 Advanced microwave pyrolysis technology
25.4 Recent progress and challenges of microwave pyrolysis
25.5 Application of biochar
25.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 26. Biochar electrocatalysts for clean energy applications
Abstract
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Lithium-ion batteries
26.3 Supercapacitors
26.4 Fuel cells
26.5 Conclusions and future perspectives
References
Chapter 27. Engineered biochar as a potential adsorbent for carbon dioxide capture
Abstract
27.1 Introduction
27.2 Engineered biochar production techniques
27.3 Effect of engineered biochar properties on CO2 adsorption
27.4 Challenges and future directions of engineered biochar for CO2 capture
27.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 28. Biochar: A sustainable solution for the management of agri-wastes and environment
Abstract
28.1 Introduction
28.2 Lignocellulosic biomass as sustainable feedstock source for biochar synthesis
28.3 Application of biochar for environmental contaminant removal
28.4 Biochar as sustainable source of environmental management
28.5 Environmental impact and importance of biochar in bioeconomy
28.6 Future perspectives
28.7 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Further reading
Chapter 29. Biochars’ potential role in the remediation, revegetation, and restoration of contaminated soils
Abstract
29.1 Introduction
29.2 Biochar preparation, physiochemical properties, and biochar modification
29.3 Biochar for contaminated soil remediation
29.4 Biochar application for soil revegetation and restoration
29.5 Potential environmental risks of biochar application
29.6 Conclusions and future prospects
Declaration of interest statement
References
Chapter 30. Renewable energy, cleaner environments, and sustainable agriculture from pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization of residuals
Abstract
30.1 Introduction
30.2 Renewable energy from biochar, hydrochar, and plastic wastes
30.3 Cleaner environments
30.4 Sustainable agriculture
30.5 Summary
References
Index

Daniel C.W. Tsang

Prof. Tsang is a leading scientist in waste-to-resource technology, hazardous waste treatment, and carbon capture and utilization. Over the years, he has published more than 500 peer-reviewed papers in the top 10% of journals and has been invited to deliver keynote speeches or to chair seminars at international conferences. He was also awarded as a 2021 Highly Cited Researcher (Clarivate Analytics) for both Engineering and Environment and Ecology, with his professional contributions being recognized by local and international communities. He serves as Associate Editor for Science of the Total Environment, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science & Technology, Journal of Environmental Management, Journal of Hazardous Materials.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor and MSc Program Leader, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Pao Yue-Kong Chair Professor, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

Yong Sik Ok

Dr. Ok is a full professor and global research director of Korea University, Seoul, Korea. He has published over 900 research papers and books, 92 of which have been ranked as Web of Science ESI top papers (90 have been selected as “Highly Cited Papers” (HCPs), and two as “Hot Papers”). He has been a Web of Science Highly Cited Researcher (HCR) since 2018 in Cross Field, Environment and Ecology, and Engineering. In 2019, he became the first Korean to be selected as an HCR in the field of Environment and Ecology. Again in 2021, he became the first Korean HCR in two fields: Environment and Ecology, and Engineering. He is working at the vanguard of global efforts to develop sustainable waste management strategies and technologies to address the rising crisis in electronic and plastic waste, and pollution of soil and air with particulate matter. Dr. Ok has also served in a number of positions worldwide including, as an honorary professor at the University of Queensland (Australia), a visiting professor at Tsinghua University (China), an adjunct professor at the University of Wuppertal (Germany), and a guest professor at Ghent University (Belgium). He maintains a worldwide professional network by serving as a Co-Editor-in-Chief of Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, an Editor of Environmental Pollution, a member of the editorial advisory board of Environmental Science & Technology, and an editorial board member of Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Chemical Engineering Journal, and Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology, and several other top journals. He currently serves as the Director of the Sustainable Waste Management Program for the Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU) and the Co-President of the International ESG Association. Moreover, he has served on the Scientific Organizing Committee of P4G Nature Forum: Climate Change and Biodiversity, and Nature Forum: Plastics and Sustainability. Dr. Ok has also served as the chairman of numerous major conferences such as Engineering Sustainable Development series (ESD series), organized by the APRU and the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE). In 2021, Dr. Ok hosted the first Nature conference among South Korean universities in Seoul on waste management and valorization for a sustainable future together with Chief Editors of Nature Sustainability (Dr. Monica Contestabile), Nature Electronics (Dr. Owain Vaughan), and Nature Nanotechnology (Dr. Fabio Pulizzi). Prof. Ok will host the first Nature Forum on Environmental, Social & Governance (ESG) for Global Sustainability: the “E” Pillar for Sustainable Business.

Affiliations and expertise

Full Professor and Director, Korea Biochar Research Center, Korea University Chair and Program Director, Sustainable Waste Management Program, Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU) Co-President, International ESG Association (IESGA)