Aspirin and the Salicylates
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Aspirin and the Salicylates focuses principally on aspirin. Topics ranging from analytical chemistry and pediatric medicine, taxonomy and cartels, enzymology and toxicity, to renal functions and rheumatology are also included in this compilation. This book emphasizes that salicylates are polycompetent drugs that influence a large number and variety of biological processes. Their multifactorial actions, in relation to the known therapeutic and toxic effects are clearly described. This text likewise provides a refreshing multidisciplinary approach to aspirins that cover the whole extent from chemical to clinical aspects. This publication is a good reference for clinicians, pharmacists, and students intending to acquire general knowledge of the aspirin and salicylates.
Table of Contents
Abbreviations and Nomenclature
1 History and Development of the Salicylates
Early Use of Salicylate-Containing Plants
Hippocratic Era
Roman and Greek Medicine
Asia and America
European Middle Ages
Nineteenth Century
Chemical Developments
Isolation and Purification of Salicylic Acid
Synthesis and Commercial Development of Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)
Other Salicylates
2 Occurrence, Properties and Synthetic Developments of the Salicylates
Naturally Occurring Salicylates
Commercial Synthesis And Properties of The Salicylates
Salicylic and Acetylsalicylic Acids, Their Salts and Esters
Salicylamide
Salicylate Derivatives
Experimental Drugs
3 Methylsalicylic Acid
Aspirin Anhydride
Dihydroxy- and Diacetoxybenzoic Acids
Salicylazosulphapyridine (Sulphasalazine) and 5-Aminosalicyclic Acids
Ester Pro-Drugs
Other Sahcylate Derivatives
Conclusions
3 Absorption, Metabolism and Disposition of the Salicylates
Introduction
Absorption, Metabolism and Distribution
Aspirin, Salicylate and Their Esters
Analytical Methods
Colorimetric and Spectrophotometric Procedures
Spectrofluorimetry
Thin-Layer Chromatography
Gas-Liquid Chromatography
High Pressure (Performance) Liquid Chromatography
Determination of Glucuronides and Sulphate Metabolites
4 Pharmacological and Biochemical Actions of the Salicylates
Introduction
Anti-Inflammatory Effects
Studies in Animal Models
Acute Inflammatory Models
Actions of Salicylates in Acute Inflammatory Models
Chronic Adjuvant Polyarthritis (Rats)
Comparative Effects of Salicylates and Other NSAI Drugs in Adjuvant Arthritis
Biochemical and Cellular Responses of Salicylates in Adjuvant Disease
Actions of Salicylates in Other Chronic Models of Inflammation
Biochemical Effects of Salicylates in Relation to Their Anti-Inflammatory Actions
Analgesic Activity
Introduction
Anti-Pyresis
5 Side-Effects and Toxicology of the Salicylates
Introduction
Gastrointestinal Side-Effects
Historical
Aspirin as a Major Cause of Bleeding and Ulceration
Gastrointestinal Side-Effects from Salicylates in Arthritic Patients
Assessment of Gastrointestinal Damage in Man
Site and Pathology of Lesions
Studies in Laboratory Animals
Mechanisms of Gastric Mucosal Damage by Salicylates
Summary
Nephropathy
Analgesic Abuse Syndrome
Studies in Arthritic Patients
Pathology
Biochemical Effects of Salicylates
Hepatotoxicity
Clinical Evidence
Pathology and Biochemical Changes
Hypersensitivity Reactions and Asthma
Aspirin-Sensitive Asthma
Urticaria and Angioedema
Teratogenesis and Pregnancy
Miscellaneous Side-Effects
Acute Salicylate Poisoning
Toxic Manifestations
Conclusions
6 Therapeutic Uses of the Salicylates
Introduction
Arthritic Conditions
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Osteoarthritis (Osteoarthrosis)
Miscellaneous
Drug Monitoring
Interactions with Other Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Analgesia
Assessment of Pain
Assessment of Pain
Acute Surgery
Postpartum and Episiotomy
Dysmenorrhoea
Cancer
Anti-Pyresis
Thromboembolic Conditions
Perturbed Metabolic States
Diabetes Melhtus
Thyroiditis and Thyrotoxicosis
Bartter's Syndrome
Obesity
Cystic Fibrosis
Other Possible Uses
Dermatological Conditions
Diarrhea
Ductus Arteriosus
Sickle-Cell Anemia
Thrombocytic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Anti-Tumor Activity
Prevention of Allograft Rejection
Anti-Viral and Anti-Parasitic Activities
Multiple Sclerosis
Miscellaneous
Product details
- No. of pages: 358
- Language: English
- Copyright: © Butterworth-Heinemann 1984
- Published: March 19, 1984
- Imprint: Butterworth-Heinemann
- eBook ISBN: 9781483191997