Applied Neurotoxicology,An Issue of Neurologic Clinics

1st Edition, Volume 38-4 - October 23, 2020
Editors: Michael R. Dobbs, Mam I. Ibraheem
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 1 2 9 1 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 1 2 9 2 - 7

This issue of Neurologic Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Michael R. Dobbs and Mam I. Ibraheem, is devoted to Applied Neurotoxicology. This issue is one of four selected each year by… Read more

Applied Neurotoxicology,An Issue of Neurologic Clinics

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This issue of Neurologic Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Michael R. Dobbs and Mam I. Ibraheem, is devoted to Applied Neurotoxicology. This issue is one of four selected each year by the series Consulting Editor, Dr. Randolph W. Evan. Articles in this issue include: Peripheral Neuropathy, Toxin-induced Channelopathies and Neuromuscular Junction Disorders, Myopathy, Acute delirium, Subacute Encephalopathy, Coma and CNS depression, Cerebellar disorders, Parkinsonism, Seizures, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Neurobiological Weapons, Women’s and Fetal Issues in Neurotoxicology, and Ethical Dilemmas in Neurotoxicology.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Neurologic Clinics
Preface
Neurotoxicology: Clinical Approach and Causal Inference
Key points
Introduction
General principles
Focal versus diffuse deficits
Acute exposures
Toxic encephalopathy
Toxic neuropathy
Toxic neuromuscular junction dysfunction
Miscellaneous acute neurotoxicity
Chronic exposures
Confirmatory tests
Laboratory testing
Blood and serum
Urine
Hair
Neurophysiology
Imaging
Confirming and reconsidering neurotoxic disease
Medical-legal issues
Issues of impairment and disability
Causation methodologies
Sir Austin Bradford Hill: causation criteria
Case 1
Case 2
Summary
Section I: Neurotoxicology Syndromes: Peripheral Nervous System
Toxin-Induced Neuropathies
Key points
Introduction
Alcohol
Environmental toxins and industrial agents
Medications
Summary
Toxin-Induced Channelopathies, Neuromuscular Junction Disorders, and Myopathy
Key points
Introduction
Ciguatoxin
Tetrodotoxin
Botulism
Black widow spider venom
Rhabdomyolysis
Summary
Clinics care points
Section II: Neurotoxicology Syndromes: Central Nervous System
Toxin-Induced Acute Delirium
Key points
Introduction
Clinics care points
Toxin-Induced Subacute Encephalopathy
Key points
Introduction
discussion
Clinics care points
Toxin-Induced Coma and Central Nervous System Depression
Key points
Introduction
Anesthetic effect on the brain
Pain medications
Sedative hypnotics
Cocaine washout syndrome
Carbon monoxide poisoning
Toxin-induced brain-death mimickers
Summary
Toxin-Induced Cerebellar Disorders
Key points
Introduction
Toluene
Mercury poisoning
Anticonvulsant drugs
Summary
Toxin-Induced Parkinsonism
Key points
Manganese
Mercury
1-Methyl-4-Phneyl-1,2,5,6-Tetrahydropyridine
Organochlorines and organophosphates
Paraquat
Rotenone
Agent Orange
Clinics care points
Toxin-Induced Seizures
Key points
Introduction
Stimulants
Cholinergic agents
Gamma-aminobutyric acid antagonists
Glutamate agonist
Histamine antagonists
Adenosine antagonists
Summary
Clinics care points
Section III: Special Topics in Clinical Neurotoxicology
Neurochemical and Neurobiological Weapons
Key points
Introduction
Neurochemical weapons
Biological warfare agents
Summary
Clinics care points
Women’s and Fetal Issues in Neurotoxicology
Key points
Introduction
Medication classification in pregnancy
Neurotoxicology and multiple sclerosis
Neurotoxicology and epilepsy
Neurotoxicology and headache
Summary
Manganese Exposure and Neurologic Outcomes in Adult Populations
Key points
Introduction
Methods
Discussion
Clinics Care Points
Neurologic Toxicities Associated with Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors and Calcineurin Inhibitors
Key points
Calcineurin inhibitors
Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors
Summary
A Concise Review of Neurologic Complications Associated with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Immunotherapy
Key points
Introduction
Toxicities after chimeric antigen receptor–engineered T-cell therapy
Clinical manifestations of immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome
Clinical risk factors and laboratory markers of immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome
Pathologic findings of immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome after chimeric antigen receptor–engineered T-cell therapy
Management of immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome
Case presentation
Potential Mechanisms of Immune Effector Cell–Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome
Summary
Clinicals Care Points
Neurotoxicity and Chemoreception: A Systematic Review of Neurotoxicity Effects on Smell and Taste
Key points
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
Clinics care points
Neurotoxicology Syndromes Associated with Drugs of Abuse
Key points
Opioids
Alcohol (ethanol)
Marijuana
Cocaine, methamphetamine, and other psychostimulants
Hallucinogens
Other drugs of abuse
Clinics care points