Anxiety and Behavior

ContentsList of ContributorsPrefacePart I. Introduction Chapter 1. Theory and Research on Anxiety Current Trends in Anxiety Research Objective Anxiety (Fear) and Neurotic Anxiety State Anxiety and Trait Anxiety A Trait-State Conception of Anxiety ReferencesPart II. The Nature and Measurement of Anxiety Chapter 2. Anxiety and Motivation: Theory and Crucial Experiments The Definition of Anxiety Laws of Anxiety Change in Pathological and Other Fields Anxiety and Personality Dynamics Summary References Chapter 3. The Measurement of Anxiety in Children: Some Questions and Problems Reservations About Anxiety Scales The Concept of Defense Some Suggestions Concerning the Interpretation of Anxiety Scales References Chapter 4. Affect and Behavior: Anxiety as a Negative Affect Affect and Personality The Affect System as the Primary Motivational System Fear-Terror: Anxiety as an Affect Summary ReferencesPart III. Anxiety and Psychopathology Chapter 5. The Psychosomatic Aspects of Anxiety Observations of Anxiety in Men under Stress Early Investigations of Anxiety Anxiety and Stress The Nature of Anxiety Producing and Measuring Anxiety Anxiety and Defense The Etiology of Psychosomatic Disorders References Chapter 6. The Basis of Psychopathology: Malconditioning or Misbehavior? A New Conception of Emotional Disturbance Choice, Responsibility, and Identity Crisis Psychological Science, Ancient Wisdom—and Folly References Chapter 7. Studies of Anxiety: Some Clinical Origins of the Activation Concept Activation Experiments with Psychiatric Patients Showing High Anxiety Summary References Chapter 8. The Conditioning and Deconditioning of Neurotic Anxiety Experimental Neuroses Human Neuroses as Learned Behavior The Deconditioning of Neurotic Anxiety Controlling Factors in the Conditioning and Deconditioning of Neurotic Anxiety Reactions Results of Therapy of Neurosis on a Conditioning Theory ReferencesPart IV. The Determinants of Anxiety Chapter 9. The Interaction of Cognitive and Physiological Determinants of Emotional State Introduction Cognitive, Social and Physiological Determinants Physiological Arousal and Emotionality Sympathetic Activity and Emotionality in Rats Discussion and Implications Some Effects of Cognitive Factors on the Appraisal of Bodily States References Chapter 10. The Study of Psychological Stress: A Summary of Theoretical Formulations and Experimental Findings The Theory of Psychological Stress Methodological Advances Psychodynamics of Stress Concluding Statement References Chapter 11. Anxiety and the Interruption of Behavior Interruption Theory Previous Studies on the Effects of Interruption An Experiment on Substitute Behavior during Extinction An Experiment on Choice and Anxiety The Two Determinants of Anxiety ReferencesPart V. The Effects of Anxiety on Behavior Chapter 12. The Motivational Components of Manifest Anxiety: Drive and Drive Stimuli A Theory of Emotionally Based Drive (D) and Its Relation to Performance in Classical Aversive Conditioning Extensions of the Theory of Emotionally Based Drive to Complex Learning Phenomena Manifest Anxiety and the Response Interference Hypothesis Conclusions References Chapter 13. Cognitive Responses to Internally Cued Anxiety Explanatory Accounts of Defensive Behavior Unresolved Issues References Chapter 14. The Effects of Anxiety on Complex Learning and Academic Achievement Anxiety and Drive Theory The Effects of Anxiety on Performance in Complex Learning Tasks Implications for Drive Theory and Clinical Practice Summary ReferencesAuthor IndexSubject Index