Anorexia, Volume 92

Former Editors

Contributors

Preface

Chapter One. Novel Neuropeptides in the Control of Food Intake

1 Introduction

2 Neuronostatin

3 Nesfatin-1

4 Conclusions

References

Chapter Two. Anorexia and Hypothalamic Degeneration

1 Introduction

2 The anx/anx Mouse

3 General Aspects of Mechanisms Underlying Weight Disturbances

4 Neurodegeneration and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Related to Eating Disorders in Humans

5 Conclusions and Future Directions

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Three. The Role of Ghrelin in Anorexia–Cachexia Syndromes

1 Introduction

2 Discovery of Ghrelin

3 Ghrelin, GHS-R1a, and GOAT

4 Mechanisms of Action of Ghrelin

5 Ghrelin and Sarcopenia of Aging

6 Ghrelin and Cancer Cachexia

7 Ghrelin and COPD-Induced Cachexia

8 Ghrelin and Anorexia Nervosa

9 Ghrelin and CHF-Induced Cachexia

10 Ghrelin and ESRD

11 AIDS-Associated Cachexia

12 RA-Associated Cachexia

13 Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Four. Ghrelin Gene Variants and Eating Disorders

1 Introduction

2 Ghrelin Signaling System

3 Physiological Functions of Ghrelin

4 Ghrelin and Eating Disorders

5 Ghrelin Gene Variants and Eating Disorders

6 Association of Ghrelin Polymorphisms with Anthropometry and Eating Pathology in Young Women

7 Association of Ghrelin Polymorphisms with Changes in Eating Disorder Phenotypes

8 Conclusions

References

Chapter Five. Steroid Metabolism and Excretion in Anorexia Nervosa

1 Introduction

2 Steroid Metabolism in Health

3 Steroid Metabolism in AN

4 Steroid Excretion in AN

5 Effects of Refeeding

6 Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Six. Anorexia Nervosa and Estrogen Receptors

1 Introduction

2 Anorexia Nervosa

3 Estrogens and Estrogen Receptors and Pathways

4 Estrogen and Anorexia

5 Human Genetics of Estrogen Pathway in Anorexia Nervosa

6 Conclusions

References

Chapter Seven. Cannabinoid Receptors and Cholecystokinin in Feeding Inhibition

1 Introduction: Peripheral Regulation of Food Intake: A Place for Endocannabinoids and Cholecystokinin

2 The Endocannabinoids and Feeding Regulation

3 CCK and Feeding Regulation

4 Interactions Between CCK and Endocannabinoid Receptors in the Regulation of Feeding

5 Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Eight. Treatment of Cachexia

1 Introduction

2 Molecular Mediators of Cachexia

3 Peripheral and Central Appetite Regulation

4 Cancer Cachexia

5 Cardiac Cachexia

6 Renal Cachexia

7 Other Cachexia

8 Summary of Treatment Effects

9 Future Directions

References

Chapter Nine. The Influence of Estrogen Therapies on Bone Mineral Density in Premenopausal Women with Anorexia Nervosa and Amenorrhea

1 Introduction

2 Estrogen Therapy and Bone Mass

3 Potential Clinical Drawbacks of Estrogen Therapy for Patients with AN

4 Influence of Oral Contraceptives on Bone Mineral Density

5 Influence of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Bone Mineral Density

6 The Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Estrogen on Bone Mineral Density

7 Implications

References

Chapter Ten. Clinical and Hormonal Variables Related to Bone Mass Loss in Anorexia Nervosa Patients

1 Introduction

2 Materials and Methods

3 Results

4 Discussion

Further-Reading

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter Eleven. Mechanism-Based Therapeutic Approaches to Cachexia

1 Introduction

2 Body and Tissue Wasting

3 Anorexia

4 Inflammation

5 Tissue Wasting in Cachexia: Hypoanabolism or Hypercatabolism?

6 From Mechanistic Alterations to Therapeutic Strategies

7 Nutritional Interventions

8 Anti-Inflammatory Strategies

9 Inhibition of Cytokine Production

10 Interference with Cytokine-Receptor Interaction

11 Strategies to Correct Metabolic Alterations

12 Conclusions

References

Chapter Twelve. Cisplatin-Induced Anorexia and Ghrelin

1 Introduction

2 Cisplatin-Induced Overproduction of 5-HT

3 Cisplatin, 5-HT-Induced Ghrelin Regulation

4 Treatment of Ghrelin- and Ghrelin Enhancer-Based, Cisplatin-Caused Dyspepsia

5 Conclusion

References

Chapter Thirteen. Anorexia of Aging

1 Introduction

2 Animal Studies

3 Human Studies

4 Anorexia of Aging May Result from the Imbalance of Catabolism and Anabolism: Convergence of Animal and Human Studies

5 Therapeutic Approaches to Overcome the Anorexia of Aging and Its Deleterious Effects on Body Functions

6 Conclusions and Perspectives

Acknowledgments

References

Index

First published in 1943, Vitamins and Hormones is the longest-running serial published by Academic Press. The Editorial Board now reflects expertise in the field of hormone action, vitamin action, X-ray crystal structure, physiology and enzyme mechanisms.

Under the capable and qualified editorial leadership of Dr. Gerald Litwack, Vitamins and Hormones continues to publish cutting-edge reviews of interest to endocrinologists, biochemists, nutritionists, pharmacologists, cell biologists and molecular biologists. Others interested in the structure and function of biologically active molecules like hormones and vitamins will, as always, turn to this series for comprehensive reviews by leading contributors to this and related disciplines.

This volume focuses on anorexia.

• Contributions from leading authorities
• Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field

Researchers, faculty, and graduate students interested in cutting-edge review concerning the molecular and cellular biology of vitamins, hormones, and related factors and co-factors. Libraries and laboratories at institutes with strong programs in cell biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, gene regulation, hormone control, and signal transduction are likely to be interested