Air Pollution V4

List of ContributorsPrefaceContents of Other VolumesPart A Control Concepts 1. Control of Systems, Processes, and Operations I. Introduction II. Elimination of Air Pollution Emissions III. Minimizing Emissions of Gaseous and Gas-Borne Wastes IV. Concentration of Air Pollutants at the Source for Effective Treatment Prior to Release to the Atmosphere V. Managing the Air Resource VI. Summary ReferencesPart B Control Devices 2. Selection, Evaluation, and Application of Control Devices Nomenclature I. Selection of a Control System II. Gas Pretreatment III. Control Efficiency IV. Cost, Applicability, and Efficiency of Collectors References 3. Source Control by Centrifugal Force and Gravity I. Introduction II. Cyclone Collectors III. Rotary Stream Dust Separators IV. Gravity Settling Chambers V. Inertial Separators References 4. Filtration Nomenclature I. Introduction II. Fabric (Bag) Filters III. Fibrous Mat Filters IV. Miscellaneous Filters V. General Considerations References 5. Electrostatic Precipitation Nomenclature I. Introduction II. Generation of the Corona III. Electric Field IV. Particle Charging V. Particle Collection VI. Removal of Collected Particles VII. Dust Resistivity VIII. Gas Flow IX. Design and Installation References 6. Scrubbing Nomenclature I. Introduction II. Gas Absorption III. Particle Collection IV. Scrubber Energy Requirement V. Diffusional Collection VI. Flux Force/Condensation VII. Economics References 7. Mist Elimination I. Introduction II. Size Distribution and Stability of Mists III. Theory of Mist Elimination IV. Single-Stage Mist Eliminators V. Multiple-Stage Mist Eliminators (Few Stages) VI. Multiple-Stage Impingement Separators (Many Stages) VII. Cyclone Mist Eliminators VIII. Electrostatic Precipitators IX. Ceramic Candles X. Venturi Scrubbers XI. Sonic Agglomerators XII. Measurement of the Effectiveness of Mist Eliminators References 8. Adsorption I. General Principles II. Adsorbents III. Equipment and Systems IV. Applications to Source Control V. Comparative Costs of Adsorbers and Other Systems General References References 9. Combustion I. Introduction II. Principles of Combustion III. Afterburners IV. Furnaces V. Flares ReferencesPart C Process Emissions and their Control 10. Fuels and Their Utilization I. Introduction II. Fuels III. Pollutants Emitted by Combustion Processes IV. Fuel Modification to Reduce Emissions V. Combustion Technology for Clean Fuels from Coal-Conversion Processes VI. Combustion Modification to Reduce Emissions References 11. Space Heating and Steam Generation I. Introduction II. Fuel-Use Patterns III. Types of Combustion Equipment IV. Emissions from Residential Heating Units V. Emissions from Commercial and Industrial Boilers VI. Combustion Modification to Reduce Emissions References 12. Power Generation I. Electric Power Demand II. Meeting the Demand III. Fossil Fuel-Fired Steam Electric Power Plants IV. Emissions from Fossil Fuel-Fired Steam Electric Generating Plants V. Control of Emissions from Fossil Fuel-Fired Steam Electric Generating Plants VI. Gas- and Oil-Fired Turbines and Diesel-Powered Generating Units VII. Control of Gaseous Emissions from Nuclear-Fueled Steam Electric Generating Plants VIII. Air Quality Impacts of Emissions from Cooling Towers References 13. Incineration I. Introduction II. Background III. The Urban Waste Problem IV. Contemporary Incinerator Technology V. Causes of Incinerator Emissions VI. Air Pollution Control Systems for Incinerators VII. Emission Tests of Incinerators VIII. Novel Methods of Incineration IX. Disposal of Bulky Solid Wastes X. Industrial Waste Disposal XI. Pathological Waste Disposal References 14. The Control of Motor Vehicle Emissions I. Introduction II. Mobile Sources of Emissions III. Emission Control Technology IV. Control of Blowby and Evaporative Emissions V. Control Approaches for Exhaust Emissions—Conventional Spark-Ignition Engine Motor Vehicles VI. Stratified-Charge Engines VII. Diesel Engines VIII. Rotary Engines IX. Alternative Engines X. Control Approaches for Railroad Locomotives and Ships XI. Control Approaches for Aircraft Emissions References 15. Agriculture and Agricultural-Products Processing I. Agriculture II. Processing Agricultural Products III. Episode Control Planning for Agricultural and Agricultural- Products Processing Operations References 16. The Forest Products Industry I. The Forest Products Industry II. Power Boilers III. Dryers IV. Kraft Pulping V. Sulfite Pulping VI. Neutral Sulfite Semichemical (NSSC) Pulping VII. Effects of Applying the Best Control Technology Available References 17. Mineral Product Industries I. Introduction II. General Operations III. Specific Processes IV. Emission Reduction during Air Pollution Episodes V. Conclusion References 18. Chemical Industries A. Inorganic Chemical Processes B. Petrochemical Processes 19. Petroleum Refining I. Introduction II. Oil Refining Technology III. Type of Emissions IV. Source and Control V. Estimation of Quantities VI. Economics of Control References 20. Nonferrous Metallurgical Operations I. Introduction II. Copper III. Lead IV. Zinc V. Aluminum VI. Beryllium VII. Mercury VIII. Nonferrous Metals of Minor Significance IX. Secondary Copper, Lead, Zinc, and Aluminum X. Nonferrous Foundries General Reference References 21. Ferrous Metallurgical Operations I. Introduction II. Coke Production III. Sintering IV. Ironmaking V. Open Hearth Steelmaking VI. Basic Oxygen Steelmaking VII. Electric Furnace Steelmaking VIII. Rolling, Processing, and Finishing IX. Ferrous Foundry Operations ReferencesSubject Index