Advances in Molecular Toxicology

Contributors

Preface

Chapter One: Metal-Independent Pathways of Chlorinated Phenol/Quinone Toxicity

1. Introduction

2. Pentachlorophenol

3. Mechanism of Protection by the “Specific” Iron-Chelating Agent Desferrioxamine Against TCHQ-Induced DNA Damage

4. Molecular Mechanism of PCP Quinoid Metabolite-Induced Genotoxicity

5. Detoxifying Carcinogenic Polyhalogenated Quinones by Hydroxamic Acids via an Unusually Mild and Facile Double Lossen Rearrangement Mechanism

6. Conclusions and Future Research

Chapter Two: The Use of Proteomics in the Study of Molecular Responses and Toxicity Pathways in Biological Systems

1. Introduction

2. Proteomics in the Study of Biological Systems Exposed to Toxins

3. From Receptor-Driven to Response-Driven Investigations into the Mechanisms of Action of Algal Toxins

4. Proteomic Studies Aimed at the Characterization of Modes of Action of Algal Toxins

5. Proteomic Analyses for Predictive Toxicology and the Detection of Algal Toxin Contaminations

6. Preliminary Considerations on Strengths and Weaknesses of Proteomic Approaches in Investigations onto Toxicity Pathways

7. Conclusions and Perspectives

Chapter Three: The Molecular Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Nerve Agents

1. Introduction

2. Nerve Agent Toxicity

3. Current Medical Countermeasures to Nerve Agent Toxicity

4. Global Molecular Screening Approaches Enable the Identification of Molecular Mechanisms of Toxicant Exposure

5. Global Molecular Techniques Support the Three-Phase Model of Nerve Agent Toxicity

6. Global Molecular Techniques Provide Evidence for Non-AChE Mechanisms of OP Nerve Agent Toxicity and Reveal Secondary Effects of Exposure

7. Future Directions in the Molecular Toxicology of Nerve Agents

8. Conclusions

Chapter Four: Toxicity of Metal Oxides Nanoparticles

1. Introduction

2. Oxidative Stress

3. Apoptosis

4. Inflammation Response

5. Long-Term Effects

6. Biological Effect Factors Due to Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

7. Methods of Evaluating Biological Effects of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

8. Gene Expression Profiling for Evaluating the Biologic Effects of Manufactured Nanomaterials

9. Summary

Chapter Five: Toxicity of Silver Nanomaterials in Higher Eukaryotes

1. Introduction

2. Cellular Uptake

3. Toxicity of AgNPs

4. Inflammatory Response

5. The Role of Oxidative Stress in AgNP-Induced Toxicity and DNA Damage

6. Summary

Chapter Six: Carboxymethylation of DNA Induced by N-Nitroso Compounds and Its Biological Implications

1. Introduction

2. The Chemistry of DNA Carboxymethylation

3. Detection of Carboxymethylated DNA Adducts

4. Chemical Synthesis of Carboxymethylated Nucleosides and Their Incorporation into DNA

5. Biological Implications

Subject Index