Advances in Liquid Crystals

Volume 1

1st Edition - September 28, 1975
Editor: Glenn H. Brown
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 9 1 3 3 - 1

Advances in Liquid Crystals, Volume I is a collection of papers dealing with lyotropic and thermotropic liquid crystals. One paper discusses lyotropic liquid crystalline phases in… Read more

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Advances in Liquid Crystals, Volume I is a collection of papers dealing with lyotropic and thermotropic liquid crystals. One paper discusses lyotropic liquid crystalline phases in systems of amphiphilic compounds, including the liquid crystalline phases, lyotropic liquid crystalline phase, the ""gel"" phases, and the transition between normal and reversed mesophases. Another paper describes the ordering and structure of liquid crystals by reviewing research work on X-ray analysis of thermotropic liquid crystals. One paper explains the studies made on the mesomorphic behavior of block copolymers, including the incompatibility, segregation, and organization of polymers. The paper notes that plastic crystals and liquid crystals are different manifestations of the duality of the melting process in molecular crystals, resulting in the loss of positional and orientation order. One paper describes the essential linear defects found in solid crystals, which have been researched in terms of the major role they play in macroscopic properties, particularly plasticity, as the defects or dislocations of translation. G. Friedel's work classifies liquid crystals into an intermediary symmetry composed of the nematic, the cholesteric, and the smectic phases. This intermediary symmetry occurs between the liquid type symmetry and the solid type symmetry. This collection can prove useful for researchers in liquid crystals and industrial scientists in the field of chemistry and polymer composites.

Contributors

Preface

Introduction to the Series

Composition, Properties and Structures of Liquid Crystalline Phases in Systems of Amphiphilic Compounds

I. Introduction

II. Liquid Crystalline Phases of Pure Amphiphilic Compounds

III. Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Phases

IV. The "Gel Phase"

V. The Transition between Normal and Reversed Mesophases

VI. Concluding Comments

References

Ordering and Structure of Liquid Crystals

I. Introduction

II. The Use of Statistical Distribution Functions for Characterization of the Structure of Liquid Crystals

III. The Matrix of Lattice Disturbances and Optical Modeling of the Structure

IV. X-Ray Analysis of Unoriented Samples

V. X-Ray Diagrams of Oriented Liquid Crystals

VI. Two-Dimensional Cylindrical Function of Interatomic Distances

VII. The Linear Distribution Function of Atoms along the Texture Axis and the Cylindrical Distribution Function of Atoms in the Projection on the Basal Plane

VIII. The Cylindrical Distribution Functions of Molecules on the Basal Plane

IX. The Function of Angular Distribution of the Long Molecular Axis and the Degree of Orientation S

References

Mesomorphic Properties of Block Copolymers

I. Introduction

II. Polymers and Block Copolymers

III. Incompatibility and Segregation

IV. Segregation and Organization

V. Description of the Structures

VI. Physical State of the Blocks

VII. Occurrence of the Structures

VIII. Variation of the Structural Parameters

IX. Birefringence and Texture

References

Plastic Crystals, Liquid Crystals, and the Melting Phenomenon the Importance of Order

Prefatory Remarks

I. Introduction

II. Properties of Plastic Crystals

III. Properties of Liquid Crystals

IV. Order Parameter Theories of Plastic Crystals

V. Order Parameter Theories of Liquid Crystals

Conclusions

Addendum 1

References

Note Added in Proof

Addendum 2

Defects in Liquid Crystals

I. Introduction

II. Topology of Lines in Nematics, Comparison with Solid Crystals

III. Elasticity of Lines of Nematics

IV. Cholesterics

V. Defects in Smectics

References

Subject Index