Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, An Issue of Critical Care Clinics

1st Edition, Volume 37-4 - September 22, 2021
Editors: Michael Matthay, Kathleen Dori Liu
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 9 4 6 4 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 9 4 6 5 - 7

This issue of Critical Care Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Michael Matthay and Kathleen Dori Lui, focuses on Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. This is one of four issues each… Read more

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, An Issue of Critical Care Clinics

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This issue of Critical Care Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Michael Matthay and Kathleen Dori Lui, focuses on Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. This is one of four issues each year selected by the series consulting editor, Dr. John Kellum. Articles in this issue include, but are not limited to: Epidemiology, Environmental Factors, Clinical Diagnosis, Physiology of ARDS, including COVID-19, Pathogenesis Based on Clinical Studies, Genetics of ARDS, Ventilator Management and Rescue Therapy with ECMO, Acute Kidney Injury and ARDS, Pharmacologic Therapies and ARDS and Long Term Outcomes from ARDS.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Forthcoming Issues
Preface
The Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Before and After Coronavirus Disease 2019
Key points
Introduction
Etiology
Subtypes
Incidence
Acute respiratory distress syndrome-associated mortality
Long-term outcomes
COVID-19
Summary
Clinics care points
Environmental Factors
Key points
Introduction
Air pollution
Wildfires
Cigarette smoke
Diagnosis and management implications
Public health strategies and knowledge gaps
Clinics care points
Toward Optimal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Outcomes: Recognizing the Syndrome and Identifying Its Causes
Key points
Introduction and importance of the problem
Definitions and their limitations
Recognizing the syndrome of acute respiratory distress syndrome
Recognizing acute respiratory distress syndrome is just the start: Diagnosing the cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome
Practical suggestions for identifying acute respiratory distress syndrome and making the specific diagnosis
Summary
Clinics care points
Disclosure
Pathophysiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and COVID-19 Lung Injury
Key points
Pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome
Pathophysiology of COVID-19 lung injury
Summary
Clinics care points
COVID-19–Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Lessons from Tissues and Cells
Key points
Introduction
Overview of the pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 pneumonia
Diffuse alveolar damage: the signature but nonspecific histologic pattern of classic acute respiratory distress syndrome and coronavirus disease 2019 lung injury
Alveolar immune effector cells in coronavirus disease 2019–associated lung injury
Vasculopathy and thromboinflammation are common in classic acute respiratory distress syndrome and coronavirus disease 2019 lung infection
Pulmonary coinfection in coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia: a common phenotype
Animal models: experimental correlates and consistent histopathology
Summary
Clinics care points
Pathophysiology of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Insights from Clinical Studies
Key points
Clinical diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome
Histopathology in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Clinical radiology in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Biomarkers in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Genomics and transcriptomics in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Insights from novel biological measurement systems
Microbiome in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Coronavirus disease 2019
Future directions
Clinics care points
Genetics of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Pathways to Precision
Key points
Introduction
Unique hurdles for acute respiratory distress syndrome genomics
Identifying genes conferring individual risk
Gene expression: is it the message that counts?
Inferring causality of quantitative traits using genomics
Metagenomics: commensals and pathogens
Summary
Disclosure
Acute Kidney Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Key points
Introduction
Definitions of acute kidney injury
Clinical outcomes of acute kidney injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome
The effect of acute kidney injury on the lungs
The effect of acute respiratory distress syndrome on the kidneys
Treatment strategies for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute kidney injury
Acute kidney injury and SARS-CoV-2: current knowledge
Summary
Critical care points
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Ventilator Management and Rescue Therapies
Key points
Introduction
Lung protective ventilatory management
Positive end-expiratory pressure and open lung approaches
Recruitment maneuvers
Driving pressure and other considerations with ventilator management
Other ventilator modes
Rescue therapies
Coronavirus disease 2019 and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Summary
Fluid Therapy and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Key points
Introduction
Clinics care points
Pharmacologic Treatments for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Key points
Introduction
Commonly used therapies
Summary
Clinics care points
Long-Term Outcomes in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Patient Evaluation
Key points
Introduction
Summary
Clinics care points