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 Evolutionary Biology
To order this title, and for more information, click here
Second Edition
By
Annalisa Berta, San Diego State University, California, U.S.A.
James Sumich, Grossmont College, El Cajon, California, U.S.A.
Kit Kovacs, Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromso, Norway
Description
Berta and Sumich have succeeded yet again in creating superior marine reading! This book is a succinct yet comprehensive text devoted
to the systematics, evolution, morphology, ecology, physiology, and behavior of marine mammals. The first edition, considered the leading
text in the field, is required reading for all marine biologists concerned with marine mammals. Revisions include updates of citations,
expansion of nearly every chapter and full color photographs. This title continues the tradition by fully expanding and updating nearly
all chapters.
Audience
Vertebrate zoologists, mammalogists, marine biologists, and those interested in the natural history, evolution, systematics, and behavior
of marine mammals. Researchers, faculty, graduate students and advanced undergraduates interested in mammals, marine biology, and many
related disciplines
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
1. Introduction
1.1. Marine Mammals-"What Are They?"
1.2. Adaptations for Aquatic Life
1.3. Scope and Use of
This Book
1.4. Time Scale
1.5. Early Observations of Marine Mammals
1.6. Emergence of Marine Mammal Science
1.7. Further Reading and
Resources
References
PART I: EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY
2. Systematics and Classification
2.1. Introduction: Systematics-What Is It and
Why Do It?
2.2. Some Basic Terminology and Concepts
2.3. How Do You Do Cladistics?
2.4. Testing Phylogenetic Hypotheses
2.5. Going Beyond
the Phylogenetic Framework
2.6. Taxonomy and Classification
2.7. Summary and Conclusions
2.8. Further Reading
References
3. Pinniped
Evolution and Systematics
3.1. Introduction
3.2 Origin and Evolution
3.3. Summary and Conclusions
3.4. Further Reading
References
4. Cetacean Evolution and Systematics
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Origin and Evolution
4.3. Summary and Conclusions
4.4. Further Reading
References
5. Sirenians and Other Marine Mammals:
Evolution and Systematics
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Origin and Evolution of Sirenians
5.3. The Extinct Sirenian Relatives-Desmostylia
5.4. The Extinct Marine Bear-Like Carnivoran, Kolponomos
5.5. The Extinct Aquatic
Sloth, Thalassocnus natans
5.6. The Sea Otter, Enhydra lutris
5.7. The Polar Bear, Ursus maritimus
5.8. Summary and Conclusions
5.9.
Further Reading
References
6. Evolutionary Biogeography
6.1. Introduction-What Is Biogeography and Why Is It Important?
6.2. Ecological
Factors Affecting Distributions of Marine Mammals
6.3. Present Patterns of Distribution
6.4. Reconstructing Biogeographic Patterns
6.5. Past Patterns of Distribution
6.6. Summary and Conclusions
6.7. Further Reading
References
PART II: EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY,
ECOLOGY,
AND BEHAVIOR
7. Integumentary and Sensory Systems
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Integumentary System
7.3. Nerves and Sense Organs
7.4. Summary and Conclusions
7.5. Further Reading
References
8. Musculoskeletal System and Locomotion
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Pinnipeds
8.3. Cetaceans
8.4. Sirenians
8.5. Sea Otter
8.6. Polar Bear
8.7. Summary and Conclusions
8.8. Further Reading
References
9.
Energetics
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Metabolic Rates
9.3. Thermoregulation
9.4. Energetics of Locomotion
9.5. Osmoregulation
9.6. Summary
and Conclusions
9.7. Further Reading
References
10. Respiration and Diving Physiology
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Problems of Deep and
Prolonged Dives for Breath-Holders
10.3. Pulmonary and Circulatory Adaptations to Diving
10.4. Diving Response
10.5. Diving Behavior
and Phylogenetic Patterns
10.6 Summary and Conclusions
10.7. Further Reading
References
11. Sound Production for Communication,
Echolocation, and Prey Capture
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Sound Propagation in Air and Water
11.3. Anatomy and Physiology of Sound Production
and Reception
11.4. Functions of Intentionally Produced Sounds
11.5. ATOC and Low Frequency Military Sonars
11.6. Summary and Conclusions
11.7. Further Reading
References
12. Diet, Foraging Structures, and Strategies
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Seasonal and Geographical
Patterns of Prey Abundance
12.3. Adaptations for Foraging in Pinnipeds
12.4. Feeding Specializations of Cetaceans
12.5. Feeding Specializations
of Sirenians
12.6. Feeding Specializations of Other Marine Mammals
12.7. Summary and Conclusions
12.8. Further Reading
References
13. Reproductive Structures, Strategies, and Patterns
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Anatomy and Physiology of the Reproductive System
13.3. Mating Systems
13.4. Lactation Strategies
13.5. Reproductive Patterns
13.6. Summary and Conclusions
13.7. Further Reading
References
14. Population Structure and Population Dynamics
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Abundance and Its Determination in Marine Mammals
14.3. Techniques
for Monitoring Populations
14.4. Population Structure and Dynamics
14.6. Further Reading
References
15. Exploitation and Conservation
15.1. Introduction
15.2. Commercial Exploitation of Marine Mammals
15.3. Legal Framework for Marine Mammal Conservation and Protection
15.4. Incidental Taking of Marine Mammals
15.5. Environmental Contaminants
15.6. Single Beachings vs Mass Strandings
15.7. Ecotourism
15.8. Progress and the Future
15.9. Summary and Conclusions
15.10. Further Reading
References
Appendix: Classification of Marine
Mammals
Glossary
Index
| Bibliographic details |
Hardbound, 560 pages, publication date: DEC-2005
ISBN-13: 978-0-12-088552-7
ISBN-10: 0-12-088552-2
Imprint: ACADEMIC PRESS
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Last update: 27 Sep 2008
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