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Edited By Johann Freytag David Maier Gottfried Vossen, Institur fur Wirtschaftsinformatik, Universitat Munster, Department of Information Systems, University of Muenster, Germany
Description The chapters of this book provide an excellent snapshot of current research and development activities in the area of query processing
and optimization. They supply potential answers to many questions that have been raised for new types of database systems and at the
same time reflect the variety of the different approaches taken. The book acts both as a reference for the state of the art in query
processing for the "next generation" of database systems, and as a good starting point for anybody interested in understanding the challenging
questions in the area. Furthermore, the book will help the reader to gain an in-depth understanding of why efficient query processing
is needed for future database systems.
Contents Query Processing for Advanced Database Systems
Edited by Johann Christoph Freytag, David Maier, and Gottfried Vossen
PREFACE
INTRODUCTION
I EXTENDING RELATIONAL APPROACHES
1 ADT-based Type System for SQL K. Kulkarni, J. Bauer,
U. Dayal, M. Kelley, J. Melton
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Type System of SQL
1.3 Previous Research
1.4 Proposed Type System for SQL
1.4.1 Abstract Data Types
1.4.2 Values and Objects
1.4.3 Other Features
1.5 SQL3 Change Proposals
1.5.1 Basic ADT facility
1.5.2 Subtype-Supertype Hierarchies
1.5.3 Polymorphism
1.5.4 Parameterized Types
1.6 Comparison with Previous Work
1.7 Conclusions
2 Integration
of Composite Objects into Relational Query Processing: The SQL/XNF Approach B. Mitschang and H. Pirahesh
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Motivation
2.3 SQL/XNF Approach to Complex Objects
2.3.1 Basic Concepts, Syntax, and Semantics
2.3.2
API for XNF
2.3.3 Implementation Strategy and Overview
2.4 Relational Query Processing
2.4.1 Starburst's
Language Processor CORONA
2.4.2 Starburst's Query Graph Model
2.5 Composite Object Processing
2.5.1
Overview of XNF Language Processing
2.5.2 Query Representation
2.6 Conclusion, Outlook, and Related Work
3 Query Optimization in Object Bases: Exploiting Relational Techniques A. Kemper and G. Moerkotte
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Our Object Model GOM
3.2.1 Main Concepts
3.2.2 The Running Example
3.3 Query Language
3.3.1 Abstract Syntax
3.3.2 The Running Example
3.4 Access Support Structures
3.4.1 Access
Support Relations
3.4.2 Function Materialization
3.5 The (Internal) Query Representation Formats
3.5.1
The Algebra
3.5.2 The GOM Term Language
3.6 The Optimization Process
3.6.1 Mimicking Term-Based Optimization
Within the Algebra
3.6.2 The Most Costly Normal Form
3.6.3 Optimizer Strategy and Generating Alternatives
3.7 Conclusion
4 Optimization of Complex-Object Queries in PRIMA - Statement of Problems H. Schoning
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Basic Features of the Molecule-Atom Data Model
4.3 The PRIMA Architecture
4.4
Query Processing in the Data System
4.5 Evaluating CSM
4.6 Conclusions
5 Algebraic Query Optimization
in the CoOMS Structurally Object-Oriented Database System B. Demuth, A. Geppert, T. Gorchs
5.1 Introduction
5.2
The NO^2 Data Model
5.2.1 NO^2 Data Structures
5.2.2 Quod, the NO^2 Query Language
5.2.3 The NO^2 Algebra
5.3 Algebraic Optimization
5.4 Project Overview
5.5 Comparison to Related Work
5.6 Conclusion
II LOGIC-BASED APPROACHES
6 Query Optimization in Deductive Object Bases M. Jeusfeld and M. Staudt
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Object Bases as Deductive Databases
6.2.1 The Extensional Object Base
6.2.2
Deductive Object Base Theory
6.2.3 Deduction and Integrity
6.3 Queries as Classes
6.4 Query Optimization
Methods
6.4.1 Structural Query Optimization
6.4.2 Complex Object View Optimization
6.5 State of Implementation
6.6 Conclusions
7 Evaluation Aspects of an Object-oriented Deductive Database Language G. Lausen and B. Marx
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Syntax and Semantics
7.2.1 Syntax
7.2.2 Semantics
7.3 Evaluation
of Programs
7.3.1 Extending the T-operator
7.3.2 Safety and Weak Recursive Programs
7.3.3 Perfect Models
of F-logic
7.3.4 Reducing the Dependency Graph
7.4 Type Checking
7.5 Conclusion
8 Tagging
as an Alternative to Object Creation M. Gyssens, L.V. Saxton, D. Van Gucht
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Towards a
Tag-based Database Model
8.2.1 The Graph-Oriented Object Database Model (GOOD)
8.2.2 GOOD as Motivation for a Binary
Tag-based Database Model
8.3 The Tarski Algebra
8.3.1 Codd Relations and Mathematical Relations
8.3.2
The Basic Algebra on Relations
8.3.3 Tagging 8.4Simulating Other Database Models
8.4 Simulating Other Database
Models
8.4.1 Relational Model
8.4.2 Nested Model
8.4.3 GOOD model
8.5 The Extended Tarski
Algebra
8.5.1 While-expressions
8.5.2 Generic Queries
8.5.3 Computational Completeness of the Extended
Tarski Algebra
8.6 Directions for Future Research
III OBJECT-ORIENTED AND COMPLEX OBJECT APPROACHES
9 Towards a Unification of Rewrite-based Optimization Techniques for Object-oriented Queries S. Cluet and C. Delobel
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Preliminaries
9.3 Motivation and Goals
9.4 A Simple Idea: a Typed Algebra
9.5 Graphical Representation of a Typed Algebra
9.6 A Global Representation for a Global Factorization
9.7 Conclusion
10 Implementation of the Object-Oriented Data Model TM H. J. Steenhagen and P. M. G. Apers
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Introduction to TM
10.2.1 Example
10.2.2 Conceptual Schema
10.2.3 Classes
10.2.4 Expressions
10.3 Introduction to ADL
10.3.1 Data objects
10.3.2 Operators
10.3.3 Functionals
10.3.4 Expressions
10.4 Translation of TM to ADL
10.4.1 Translation of Classes
10.4.2 Translation of TM expressions
10.4.3
Example translation
10.5 Optimization in ADL
10.6 Future Work
11 Extensible Query Optimization
and Parallel Execution in Volcano G. Graefe R. L. Cole, D. L. Davison, W. J. McKenna, R. H. Wolniewicz
11.1 Introduction
11.2 An Example
11.3 Query Optimization
11.4 Query Execution
11.5 Summary
11.6 Acknowledgements
12 Challenges for Query Processing in Object-Oriented Databases D. Maier, S. Daniels, T. Keller, B. Vance, G. Graefe, W. McKenna
12.1 Motivation
12.2 Utility and Drawbacks of Modeling Features
12.2.1 Usefulness of New Data Model Features
12.2.2 Complications Introduced by New Features
12.3 REVELATION Overview
12.4 Related Work
12.4.1
Query Processing in Current Object-Oriented Database Systems
12.4.2 Query Processing in Extended Relational Systems
12.4.3
Object Algebras
12.5 The REVELATION Query Processing Architecture
12.5.1 Interpreter and Schema Manager
12.5.2 The Revealer
12.5.3 The Optimizer
12.5.4 The Query Evaluator
12.6 Status and Conclusion
IV ACCESS METHODS, PHYSICAL DESIGN, AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
13 A Survey of Indexing Techniques for Object-Oriented
Databases E. Bertino
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Review of Object-Oriented Concepts
13.3 Index Organizations
for Aggregation Graphs
13.4 Index Organizations for Inheritance Graphs
13.5 Integrated Organizations
13.6
Precomputation and Caching
13.7 Conclusions
14 Physical Database Design for an Object-Oriented Database System
M. H. Scholl
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Notation and Terminology
14.2.1 The COCOON Object Model
14.2.2 Nested Relations as a Description of Storage Structures
14.3 Alternatives for Physical DB Design
14.3.1
Implementing Objects
14.3.2 Implementing Functions
14.3.3 Implementing Types, Classes, and Inheritance
14.3.4
Indexes
14.3.5 The Default Physical Design
14.4 A Physical Design Tool
14.4.1 General Approach
14.4.2 Load Description
14.4.3 Statistical Information
14.4.4 The Optimization Process
14.4.5 Experiences
and Extensions
14.5 Query Optimization
14.6 Conclusion
15 An Analysis of a Dynamic Query Optimization
Scheme for Different Data Distributions C. A. van den Berg and M. L. Kersten
15.1 Introduction 15.2 The Dynamic
Query Processing Architecture
15.2.1 The Class Manager
15.2.2 The Query Processor
15.2.3 The Query Scheduler
15.3 Dynamic Query Optimization
15.4 Task elimination
15.5 Multiple join evaluation
15.5.1 Multiple
join processing cost
15.6 Conclusions
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