Theory and Applications To order this title, and for more information, click here
By Zihai Shi, Senior Researcher, Nippon Koei Co., Ltd
Description This new book on the fracture mechanics of concrete focuses on the latest developments in computational theories, and how to apply those
theories to solve real engineering problems. Zihai Shi uses his extensive research experience to present detailed examination of multiple-crack
analysis and mixed-mode fracture.
Compared with other mature engineering disciplines, fracture mechanics of concrete is still a developing
field with extensive new research and development. In recent years many different models and applications have been proposed for crack
analysis; the author assesses these in turn, identifying their limitations and offering a detailed treatment of those which have been
proved to be robust by comprehensive use.
After introducing stress singularity in numerical modelling and some basic modelling techniques,
the Extended Fictitious Crack Model (EFCM) for multiple-crack analysis is explained with numerical application examples. This theoretical
model is then applied to study two important issues in fracture mechanics - crack interaction and localization, and fracture modes and
maximum loads. The EFCM is then reformulated to include the shear transfer mechanism on crack surfaces and the method is used to study
experimental problems.
With a carefully balanced mixture of theory, experiment and application, Crack Analysis in Structural Concrete
is an important contribution to this fast-developing field of structural analysis in concrete.
Audience
Graduate students in civil and structural engineering and related disciplines. Professional civil and structural engineers.
Contents
Introduction
Aims of the Book
Multiple-Crack Problem
Mixed-Mode
Crack Problem
Crack Interaction and Localization
Failure Mode and the Maximum load
Outline of the Book
References
Fundamentals of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics
and Nonlinear Fracture Mechanics of Concrete
The Elastic Crack-Tip Fields
2.1.1 Equations of Elasticity and Airy Stress Function 2.1.2 The Williams Solution of Elastic Stress Fields at Crack Tip 2.1.3 The Complex Stress Function Approach to Elastic Stress Fields at Crack Tip 2.2 Stress Intensity Factor and K-Controlled
Crack-Tip Fields 2.3 The Energy Principles 2.3.1 The Griffith Fracture Theory 2.3.2 The Energy Release Rate G
2.3.3 Relationship between K and G 2.3.4 The Criterion for Crack Propagation
Plastic Zone Theories
at Crack Tip
2.4.1 The Irwin Plastic Zone Corrections 2.4.2 Cohesive Zone Models by Dugdale and Barenblatt
2.5 Fracture Process Zone and Tension Softening Phenomenon in Concrete 2.6 Fracture Energy G F and Tension-Softening
Law in Concrete 2.6.1 Fracture Energy G F 2.6.2 Tension Softening Law References
Fictitious Crack Model and Related Issues in Its Numerical Implementation
Introduction
Fictitious Crack Model by Hillerborg et al.
3.2.1 Modeling Concept 3.2.2 Numerical Formulation by Petersson?s
Influence Function Method
Principle of Superposition
Reciprocity Principle
Singularity
Issue
Crack Path Modeling with Dual Nodes
Remeshing Scheme for Arbitrary Crack Path
Solution Scheme for Incremental Stress Analysis
References
Extended Fictitious
Crack Model for Multiple-Crack Analysis
Introduction
Core Issues and Solution Strategy
Numerical Formulation of Single-Crack Problem
Numerical Formulation of Multiple-Crack Problem
Crack Analysis of Simple Beam under Bending
Crack Analysis with Fixed Crack Path
Crack Analysis with Curvilinear Crack Path
Crack Analysis of Fracture Test of Real-Size Tunnel
Lining Specimen
Fracture Test on Tunnel-Lining Specimen
Crack Analysis with Half FE
Model
Crack Analysis with Full FE Model
Crack Analysis of Scale-Model Test of Gravity
Dam by Carpinteri et al.
Background
Model I: Single Crack Propagation
Model II: Multiple-Crack Propagation
Model III: Multiple-Crack Propagation
References
Crack Interaction and Localization
Introduction
Coefficient of
Interaction
Crack Equations and the Source of Crack Interaction
Coefficient of Interaction
and Principal Tip Force (PTF) Coefficient
Crack Interactions in Notched Concrete Beams under Four-Point Bending
Beams with Small Notches
Beams with Both Small and Large Notches
Crack Interactions in Tunnel Linings
Characteristics of Crack Interactions with One and Multiple Tension
Zones
References
Failure Modes and Maximum Loads of Notched Concrete Beams
Introduction
Numerical Analysis of Notched Beams under Various Load Conditions
Maximum Loads with Monotonic Loadings
Maximum Load Increase with Higher Density of Initial Notches
Maximum Loads with Alternative Loadings
Critical Initial Notch and Its Influence on
Failure Mode and the Maximum Load
Experimental Verifications on Relationships between Failure Modes and the Maximum
Loads
Four-Point Bending Tests
Numerical Analyses
Engineering
Implications
References
Mixed-Mode Fracture
Introduction
Modeling of Cohesive Forces in the FPZ
Reformulation of FCM and EFCM for Mixed-Mode Fracture
7.3.1 FCM for Mixed-Mode Fracture 7.3.2 EFCM for Mixed-Mode Fracture
Mode-II Fracture Energy G F II
Numerical Studies of Arrea and Ingraffea?s Single-Notched Shear Beam
7.5.1 Parametric Studies with
Five Shear-COD Relations 7.5.2 Parametric Studies on Mode-II Fracture Energy with Three Shear-COD Relations
Numerical
Studies of Scale-Model Test of Gravity Dam
References 8. Applications: Pseudoshell Model for
Crack Analysis of Tunnel Linings
Introduction
Pseudoshell Model
8.2.1 Modeling
Concept 8.2.2 Numerical Formulation 8.2.3 Parametric Studies on Uniqueness of Solutions on Tunnel Deformation
Evaluation of Ground Pressure Based on the Quasi Loosening Zone Model
Numerical Analysis of an Aging Waterway
Tunnel (Case A-1) in Comparison with a Soil Mechanics Approach
8.4.1 Background 8.4.2 Numerical Analysis by
Adachi-Oka Model 8.4.3 Numerical Analysis by the Pseudoshell Model 8.4.4 Evaluation of Ground Pressure
Case
Studies of Two Aging Waterway Tunnels
8.5.1 B Power Plant (Horseshoe Type): Site B-1 8.5.2 B Power Plant (Horseshoe
Type): Site B-2 8.5.3 B Power Plant (Horseshoe Type): Site B-3 8.5.4 C Power Plant (Calash Type): Site C-1
Development
of Database for Evaluation of Ground Pressure Based on the CMOD
8.6.1 Selection of Influential Factors and
Cases of Study 8.6.2 Relations between Cross-Sectional Deformation and the CMOD 8.6.3 Relations between Pressure Load
and Cross-Sectional Deformation 8.6.4 Two-Step Procedure for Determining External Loads by the CMOD and Development of Database
References 9. Computer Program for Mode-I Type C rack A nalysis i n C oncrete Using EFCM
(CAIC-M1.FOR) 9.1 Overview of the Program 9.2 Structure of the Program 9.3 Main Rules 9.4 Program List
9.5 Selected Examples Illustrating the Usage of the Program 9.5.1 Crack Analysis of Notched Beam 9.5.2 Crack
Analysis of Scale Model Dam 9.5.3 Crack Analysis of Tunnel Lining References 10. Computer Program for
Mixed-Mode Type C rack A nalysis i n C oncrete Using EFCM (CAIC-M12.FOR) 10.1 Overview of the Program
10.2 Structure of the Program 10.3 Main Rules 10.4 List of Subroutines with Major Changes 10.4.1 Outline
of Changes in CAIC-M12.FOR from CAIC-M1.FOR 10.4.2 Subroutines with Major Changes in the Crack Pattern Determination Block (TFORCE)
10.4.3 Subroutines with Major Changes in the Crack Equation Solution Block (EFFECT) 10.4.4 Subroutines with Major Changes
in the Main Block (MAINCN) 10.5 Selected Example Illustrating the Usage of the Program
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