ICRP PUBLICATION 59: THE BIOLOGICAL BASIS FOR DOSE LIMITATION IN THE SKIN, 59
Annals of the ICRP Volume 22/2 To order this title, and for more information, click here A Report of a Task Group of Committee 1 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection
Description Despite the increase in data and the understanding of both deterministic effects and cancer induction in the skin in recent years, many
questions that are important for risk estimation remain. This report, adopted by the ICRP in November 1991, is the work of a Task Group
set up to consider the biological basis for dose limitation in the skin. The Task Group reviewed available dose-effect data for cancer
induction and deterministic effects in the skin to estimate for these effects; it reviewed evidence concerning which cells are at risk,
to determine at what depth dose measurements should be made, and re-examined dosimetry considerations and weighting factors for skin,
with reference to the effects of 'hot particles' and ultraviolet radiation. The information collated in this report was used by the Commission
to set dose limits and the weighting factor for skin in the 1990 Recommendations of the ICRP.
Audience
For regulatory and advisory agencies at regional, national and international levels, management bodies with responsibilities for radiological
protection; professional staff used as advisors; and individuals such as radiologists who have to make decisions about the use of ionizing
radiation.
Contents Preface.
Introduction. The Structure of the Skin.
General. The epidermis. The dermis. The skin appendages.
Radiation
Effects on the Skin.
Terminology used to identify the responses of skin to radiation. Late erythema, dermal ischaemia
and necrosis. Radiation-induced skin reactions specific to radiological protection. Dose-effect relationships and threshold doses. Experimental
studies on the effects of irradiation with 'hot particles'.
Experimental Radiation Carcinogenesis.
Types
of radiation-induced tumours in experimental animals. Mechanisms of radiation-induced skin cancer.
Radiation-Induced Skin
Cancer in Humans.
Variations in susceptibility to non-melanotic skin cancer. Immunosuppression and skin cancer. Studies
of skin cancer in irradiated populations. Interaction of ionising and UV radiation in skin cancer induction.
Dose Limits
and the Factors Influencing Risk Estimates.
Stochastic effects. Deterministic effects. General dosimetric considerations
related to skin dose limitation.
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