CH. 2: REFINERY FEEDSTOCKS
AND PRODUCTS 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Composition of Crude Oils 2.3 Products Composition 2.4 Physical Property Characterization
Data 2.5 Chemical Analysis Data
CH. 3: THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PETROLEUM FRACTIONS AND CRUDE OILS 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Basic Input Data 3.3 Pseudo Components 3.4 Thermo Physical Properties Calculation 3.5 Calculation of Enthalpy of Petroleum
Fractions 3.6 Estimation of Properties Related to Phase Changes 3.7 Calculating Properties Utilizing UNISIM Software Questions
and Problems
CH. 4: CRUDE DISTILLATION 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Process Description 4.3 Operation of Crude Distillation
Units 4.4 Crude Oil Desalting 4.5 Vacuum Distillation 4.6 Crude Distillation Material Balance 4.7 Design of Crude Distillation
Units Using Simulator Questions and Problems
CH. 5: CATALYTIC REFORMING AND ISOMERIZATION 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Catalytic
Reforming 5.3 Isomerization of Light Naphtha Questions and Problems
CH. 6: THERMAL CRACKING AND COKING PROCESSES 6.1
Introduction 6.2 Coke Formation 6.3 Thermodynamics of Coking of Light Hydrocarbon 6.4 Visbreaking 6.5 Delayed Coking 6.6 Fluid Coking 6.7 Flexicoking Questions and Problems
CH. 8: FLUIDISED CATALYTIC CRACKING 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Role of FCC
in the Refinery 8.3 Feedstock and Products 8.4 Fluidisation 8.5 FCC Reactions 8.6 Thermodynamics of FCC Reactions 8.7
FCC Catalyst 8.8 FCC Configuration 8.9 Process Description 8.10 Modes of Fluidisation in FCC Unit 8.11 FCC Yield Correlations 8.12 Material and Energy Balances 8.13 Kinetic Model for FCC Reactor 8.14 Concentration and Temperature Profiles in the Riser 8.15
Simulation of FCC Unit 8.16 New Technology Questions and Problems
CH. 9: PRODUCT BLENDING
9.1 Introduction 9.2
Reid Vapour Pressure Blending 9.3 Flash Point Blending 9.4 Pour Point Blending 9.5 Cloud Point Blending 9.6 Aniline Point
Blending 9.7 Smoke Point Blending 9.8 Viscosity Blending 9.9 Gasoline Octane Number Blending 9.10 Linear Programming (LP)
For Blending Questions and Problems
CH. 10: ALKYLATION 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Role of Alkylation and Polymerization
Units in the Refinery 10.3 Alkylation Processes 10.4 Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Alkylation 10.5 Performance of Alkylation
Process 10.6 Material Balance Calculations Using Yield Factors 10.7 Simulation of the Alkylation Process Questions and
Problems
CH. 11: HYDROGEN PRODUCTION 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Hydrogen Requirements in Modern Refineries 11.3 Steam
Reforming Hydrogen Sources 11.4 Product Purification 11.5 New Developments in Steam Reforming Questions and Problems
CH.
12: CLEAN FUELS 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Specifications of Clean Fuels 12.3 Production of Clean Fuels from Crude Oil 12.4
Production of Clean Fuels from Natural Gas and Coal 12.5 Production of Clean Fuels Using Biological Sources (Bio-Fuel) Questions
and Problems
CH. 14: SAFETY IN PETROLEUM REFINERIES 14.1 Introduction 14.2
Hazards in Refinery Units 14.3 Safety Programs and Regulations 14.4 Accidents and Loss Prevention Measures 14.5 Risk Management
and Risk Assessment 14.6 Fire and Explosions 14.7 Hazard Analysis 14.8 Safety Considerations in Plant Layout 14.9
Safe Operation Systems 14.10 Emergency Alarms 14.11 Noise in Refinery 14.12 Questions and Problems
CH. 15: ACID
GAS PROCESSING AND MERCAPTANS REMOVAL 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Absorption of Acid Gases 15.3 Sulphur Recovery 15.4 Mercaptans
Removal Questions and Problems
CH. 17: ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS IN REFINERY 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Wastes in Refinery Units 17.3 Waste Management Questions
and Problems
CH. 18: OVERALL REFINERY CASE STUDY 18.1 Introduction 18.2 The Case Study
APPENDIX Appendix
A: Conversion Factors Appendix B: Definition of Terms Appendix C: Process Simulator (UNISIM) Manual Appendix D: Research
Octane Number for Hydrocarbons Appendix C: Instrumentation and Control Drawings in the P&ID NOTATION INDEX
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