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Edited By Michael Crawford, MD, FACC, Professor of Medicine, Associate Chief of Cardiology for Clinical Programs, Division of Cardiology, University of California- San Francisco, CA, USA John DiMarco, MD, PhD, Julian R. Beckwith Professor of Medicine and Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Laboratory, Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA Walter Paulus, MD, PhD, Professor of Cardiac Pathophysiology, Free University Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Associate Director, Cardiovascular Center, Aalst, Belgium
Description A team of 250 international experts brings clinicians this thoroughly revised and updated New Edition. Its clinically oriented coverage
integrates basic science, diagnostic investigations, and therapeutic management into a practical, user-friendly reference on all aspects
of cardiovascular medicine. A consistent format throughout parallels the clinical decision making process to make definitive guidance
easy to locate and apply. Over 2,360 illustrations, including more than 1,940 full-color photographs, tables, and diagnostic images make
techniques and concepts easy to grasp. Plus, a bound-in CD-ROM features all of the book's illustrations for use in PowerPoint? presentations.
Audience
Cardiology and Cardiology Residents
Contents Preface Contributors
SECTION 1: ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND PREVENTION
1. Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis Goran
Hansson and Jan Nilsson 2. Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases Kjell Asplund 3. Risk factors and lifestyle
interventions Konrad Jamrozik 4. Assessment of cardiac risk Edward Winslow 5. Special problems in the prevention
of cardiovascular disease: Diabetes mellitus type 2 Virgil Brown and Warren Davis Menopausal women Virgil Brown
and Warren Davis Nontraditional risk factors for coronary disease David Waters 6. Therapeutic approaches to the
diabetic patient Mary Ellen Sweeney and David Orchard 7. Physical activity and the cardiovascular system Calin
Maniu, Thomas Flipse, Norman Patton and Gerald Fletcher 8. Therapy of hyperlipidemia Lori Mosca 9. Special problems
in hyperlipidemia therapy: Child with hypercholesterolemia Virgil Brown and Warren Davis Transplant patient Virgil
Brown and Warren Davis Hypercholesterolemia in the elderly Virgil Brown and Warren Davis Elevated lipoprotein(a) Virgil
Brown and Warren Davis 10. Diagnosis of vascular disease Charles Tegeler and Disya Ratanakorn NONCARDIAC VASCULAR
DISEASES 11. Arterial diseases of the limbs Bengt Fagrell 12. Cerebral vascular diseases Kjell Asplund and
Markku Fagerlund 13. Thoracic aorta disease Jorge Wernly 14. Abdominal aortic aneurysms Ian Franklin and
Roger Greenhalgh 15. Venous disease Agnes Lee 16. Surgery for vascular disease David Bergqvist 17.
Special problems in vascular disease: Compromise of an internal thoracic artery to coronary artery graft by subclavian artery disease Michael
Crawford and Mark Langsfeld Localized lymphedema Michael Crawford and Mark Langsfeld
SECTION 2: ISCHEMIC
HEART DISEASE
1. Physiology of coronary circulation Eric Feigl and Wolfgang Schaper 2. Coronary artery anomalies Allen Taylor and Renu Virmani 3. Pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia PK Shah and Erling Falk 4. Noninvasive
diagnosis of IHD George Beller 5. Invasive diagnosis of IHD William Kussmaul 6. Special diagnostic issues
in IHD: The patient with chest pain, a positive stress test and normal coronary arteries Jonathan Abrams The patient
with coronary artery disease and acute heart failure Jonathan Abrams The patient with coronary artery disease and chronic
heart failure Jonathan Abrams STABLE CORONARY SYNDROMES 7. Chronic stable angina pectoris Udho Thadani 8.
Variant angina pectoris Juan Kaski and Ramon Arroyo-Espliguero 9. Microvascular angina pectoris and cardiac syndrome X Hans Erik Botker 10. Asymptomatic myocardial ischemia Prakash Deedwania 11. Special problems in myocardial
ischemia: Management of variant angina breakthrough Carl Pepine and Stephen Monroe Mangement of the nonrevascularization
candidate with severe angina Carl Pepine and Stephen Monroe Treatment of silent ischemia Carl Pepine and Stephen
Monroe Treatment of microvascular angina Carl Pepine and Stephen Monroe Viagra, sexual activity and the cardiac
patient Jonathan Abrams ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES 12. Diagnosis of acute myocardial ischaemia and infarction Allan Jaffe, Jorge Davidenko and Ian Clements 13. Unstable angina and non-ST-elevation MI Lars Wallentin, Bertil
Lindahl and Agneta Siegbahn 14. The early phase of acute myocardial infarction Freek Verheugt 15. Subacute in-hospital
phase of ST-segment elevation MI Timothy Denton 16. Complications of acute MI Bojan Cercek and PK Shah 17.
Surgery for the complications of MI Carlos Blanche 18. Post-hospital phase of an acute coronary syndrome Christopher
Cannon and Sidney Smith 19. Special problems in acute coronary syndromes: Right ventricular infarction Peter Clemmensen AMI
and normal coronary arteries Peter Clemmensen and Peer Grande Nonreperfused AMI after thrombolytic therapy Peter
Clemmensen NON-PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OF IHD 20. Catheter based techniques to treat IHD Pim de Feyter 21.
Surgery for IHD Kenton Zehr and Hartzell Schaff 22. Special problems in non-pharmacologic therapy: Unprotected left
main coronary angioplasty Michael Ragosta Chronic total occlusion Michael Ragosta Saphenous vein graft
interventions Michael Ragosta Percutaneous intervention of cardiac allograft vasculopathy Michael Ragosta In-stent
restenosis Michael Ragosta
SECTION 3: HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE
1. Etiology and pathogenesis
of systemic hypertension David Calhoun, M. Amin Zaman and Suzanne Oparil 2. Epidemiology of hypertension Ivan
Perry 3. Clinical recognition of hypertension Shawna Nesbitt, Wanpen Vongpatanasin and Ronald Victor 4. Complications
of hypertension: heart Chim Lang and Greg Lip 5. Complications of hypertension: kidney Domenic Sica 6.
Complications of hypertension: stroke John Potter 7. Nonpharmacologic treatment of hypertension Francesco Cappuccio
and Alphonso Siani 8. Pharmacologic treatment S. Luke Kusmirek, Aris Efstratopoulos and George Bakris 9. Hypertension
crises Gareth Beevers and Greg Lip 10. Diagnosis and treatment of secondary hypertension David Martins and Keith
Norris 11. Difficult hypertension management issues: Hypertension and ethnicity Greg Lip and Gareth Beevers Hypertension
in pregnancy: pre-eclampsia David Churchill Perioperative hypertension William Elliott Ambulatory blood
pressure monitoring William White Diabetes and hypertension Samy I. McFarlane and James Sowers Resistant
hypertension Ronald Victor Hypertension in the context of acute myocardial infarction and acute coronary interventions Greg
Lip Concomitant therapy use in hypertension George Bakris
SECTION 4: CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS
1.
Basic cardiac electrophysiology and anatomy Mark Anderson and Dan Roden 2. Antiarrhythmic drug therapy Paul Dorian
and Wendy Lau 3. Principles of catheter ablation David Haines 4. Syncope Andrew Krahn, George Klein, Raymond
Yee and Allan Skanes BRADYARRHYTHMIAS 5. Sinus node dysfunction John DiMarco 6. Atrioventricular and
intraventricular conduction disorders Nadir Saoudi, Jean Paul Rinaldi, Manuel Imianitoff, Khelil Yaici, Jean Marc Coutelourd,
Marc Bergonzi and Phillipe Ricard 7. Cardiac pacing Henning Rud Andersen and Jens Cosedis Nielsen 8. Special problems
in cardiac pacing: Pacemaker syndrome Mark Wood Temporary cardiac pacing Mark Wood Diagnostic and
surgical procedures in pacemaker patients Mark Wood Pacemaker lead extraction Mark Wood Biventricular
pacing for congestive heart failure Mark Wood SUPRAVENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS 9. Supraventricular tachycardia Carlos
Morillo 10. Atrial fibrillation Greg Lip, Michael Mangram and John DiMarco 11. Atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia Francis
Murgatroyd 12. Pre-excitation syndromes James Leitch, Pru Hereford Ashley and Malcolm Barlow 13. Special problems
in supraventricular arrhythmias: Syncope in paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia Chin-Feng Tsai and Shi-Ann Chen Paroxysmal
atrial fibrillation Chin-Feng Tsai and Shi-Ann Chen Cycle length alternation in supraventricular tachycardia Chin-Feng
Tsai and Shi-Ann Chen Atrial flutter Bruce Walker Postoperative atrial fibrillation Bruce Walker Atrial
Fibrillation and Anticoagulation Bruce Walker VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS 14. Ventricular tachycardia Martin
Borggreffe, Gunther Breithardt and Christian Wolpert 15. Repolarization syndromes: Long QT, Brugada etc. Katherine Murray
and Dan Roden 16. Sudden cardiac death Paul LeLorier and Kevin Monahan 17. Cardiac arrest resuscitation Jose
Joglar and Rick Page 18. Surgery for cardiac arrhythmias Patricia Bakker 19. Implantable defibrillators Kathy
Lee and Chu-Pak Lau 20. Special problems in ventricular arrhythmias: Multiple shocks from an implanted defibrillator caused
by frequent episodes of ventricular tachycardia John Miller and Mithilesh Das Multiple shocks from an implanted defibrillator
in a supra ventricular arrythmia John Miller and Mithilesh Das Syncope in a patient with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy John
Miller and Mithilesh Das A young woman with palpitations and ventricular tachycardia John Miller and Mithilesh Das Nonsustained
ventricular tachycardia following anterior myocardial infarction John Miller and Mithilesh Das
SECTION 5:
HEART FAILURE AND CARDIOMYOPATHY
1. Physiology of the normal and failing heart Helmut Drexler and Gerd Hasenfuss 2.
Assessment of the patient with heart failure Ayan Patel and Marvin Konstam 3. Acute heart failure and shock Steven
Hollenberg, Mitchell Saltzberg, Jeffrey Soble and Joseph Parrillo CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE 4. Heart failure due to
systolic dysfunction Gary Francis and Wai Tang 5. Management of the patient with chronic heart failure Barry Massie 6.
Heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction: a manifestation of diastolic dysfunction William Gaasch and Edgar
Schick 7. Arrhythmias in heart failure Lars Eckardt, Wilhelm Haverkamp, Dirk Bocker and Gunter Breithardt 8. Surgery
assist devices and cardiac transplantation for heart failure James Young 9. Special problems in chronic heart failure: Mechanisms of exercise intolerance and exercise training Kai C. Wollert, Helmut Drexler and Andrew Coats Cardiac cachexia Kai
C. Wollert, Helmut Drexler and Andrew Coats Renal dysfunction in heart failure Kai C. Wollert, Helmut Drexler and Andrew
Coats Anemia in Heart Failure Kai C. Wollert, Helmut Drexler and Andrew Coats Depression in Heart Failure Kai
C. Wollert, Helmut Drexler and Andrew Coats Disease Management Kai C. Wollert, Helmut Drexler and Andrew Coats MYOCARDITIS
AND CARDIOMYOPATHY 10. Myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy Heinz-Peter Schultheiss and Uwe Kuehl 11. Dilated
and toxic cardiomyopathy John O'Connell and Mohammad Akkad 12. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Perry Elliott, William
McKenna and Sebastian Reith 13. Special problems in myocarditis and cardiomyopathy: Peripartum cardiomyopathy Mohammed
W. Akhter, Afshan Hameed and Uri ElKayam Chagas' heart disease Harry Acquatella Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy Harry Acquatella Diabetic cardiomyopathy Mitchell Saltzburg and Barry Massie CARDIAC CONSTRICTION AND
RESTRICTION 14. Restrictive and infiltrative cardiomyopathies Naveen Pereira and William Dec, Jr. 15. Pericardial
disease Samer Kabbani and Martin LeWinter RIGHT-HEART FAILURE 16. Pulmonary hypertension and intrinsic pulmonary
vascular disease Vallerie McLauchlin 17. Right heart failure and cor pulmonale W. MacNee and K. Skwarski 18.
Pulmonary embolism Stavros Konstantinides and Wolfgang Kasper
SECTION 6: VALVULAR HEART DISEASE
1.
Non-invasive assessment of valvular function Otto Smiseth, Reidar Bjornerheim and Sigurd Nitter-Hause 2. Invasive assessment
of valvular function Barbara Julius, Stephan Windecker and Otto Hess 3. Rheumatic fever Mohammed Essop and Tanvier
Omar MITRAL VALVE DISEASES 4. Mitral stenosis John Carroll and Julie Plenge 5. Mitral regurgitation Blase
Carabello 6. Mitral valve prolapse Richard Devereux 7. Secondary mitral regurgitation Matthew A. Romano,
Iva A. Smolens and Stephen F. Bolling 8. Special problems in mitral valve disease: New onset atrial fibrillation in asymptomatic
mitral stenosis Bernard Iung, Bertrand Cormier and Alec Vahanian Echocardiography and mitral valve repair: its use in
Marfan's syndrome Bernard Iung, Bertrand Cormier and Alec Vahanian Thromboembolic risk in mitral stenosis Bernard
Iung, Bertrand Cormier and Alec Vahanian Mitral stenosis and pregnancy Bernard Iung, Bertrand Cormier and Alec Vahanian Radiation
Valve Disease Theo Meyer and Gerard Aurigemma Vasodilators in mitral regurgitation Bill Gaasch 9. Aortic
stenosis David Shavelle and Catherine Otto 10. Acute aortic regurgitation Gerard Aurigemma and Theo Meyer 11.
Chronic aortic regurgitation Walter Paulus 12. Special problems in aortic valve disease: Low gradient, low output
aortic stenosis Paul Grayburn Mild-to-moderate aortic stenosis in patients undergoing bypass surgery Paul Grayburn fen
phen valve disease Dr. Bruce Shively RIGHT-HEART VALVE DISEASE AND ENDOCARDITIS 13. Tricuspid and pulmonic valve
disease Theo Meyer and Dennis Tighe 14. Infective endocarditis Jean Acar and Pierre-Louis Michel SURGICAL
TREATMENT OF VALVULAR HEART DISEASE 15. Surgery for valvular heart disease Christophe Acar and Pierre Theodore 16.
Management of the post surgical valve disease patient Patrick Parrino, Aditya Kaza and John Kern 17. Special problems
in the surgically treated valve disease patient: How to treat perivalvular leaks Sandro Betocchi, Maria Angela Losi and Massimo
Chiariello Pregnancy and anticoagulants Sandro Betocchi, Maria Angela Losi and Massimo Chiariello Postoperative
management of myocardial dysfunction in valvular surgical treatment Sandro Betocchi, Maria Angela Losi and Massimo Chiariello
SECTION
7: CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
1. Epidemiology of congenital heart disease Cynthia Morris 2. Embryology of congenital
heart disease Adrianna Gittenberger de Groot, Marco Deruiter, Margot Bartelings and Robert Poelmann 3. Prenatal diagnosis
of congenital heart disease Yasuki Maeno 4. Diagnostic pathways for evaluation of congenital heart disease Tal
Geva and Jaqueline Kreutzer CARDIAC DEFECTS 5. Atrial septal defect Masahiro Ishii 6. Anomalous pulmonary
venous connection Samuel Ritter and Rebecca Snider 7. Ventricular septal defect Kimberly Krabill 8. Tetralogy
of Fallot and truncus arteriosus Kazuo Momma 9. Transposition of the great arteries Thomas Kimball 10.
Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect Daniel Murphy and Roger Mee 11. Left heart outflow obstructions Gautam
Singh and Syamasunder Rao 12. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome Girish Shirali and Constance Cephus 13. Ebstein's
anomaly Robin Shaughnessy 14. Pulmonary stenosis Teiji Akagi 15. Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular
Septum Frank Smith 16. Atrioventricular canal defects Craig Fleishman and Gerald Marx 17. Tricuspid atresia
and single ventricle Luc Mertens and Donald Hagler VASCULAR ABNORMALITIES 18. Patent ductus arteriosis Dierk
Redel 19. Coarctation of the aorta Mataichi Ohkubo and Toshihiro Ino 20. Vascular compression of the upper airways Deane Waldman 21. Kawasaki's disease Hirohisa Kato MANAGEMENT ISSUES IN CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 22.
Arrhythmias in congenital heart disease Victoria Vetter 23. Adult congenital heart disease David Celermajer 24.
Special problems in adult congenital heart disease: Pregnancy in the woman with Eisenmenger syndrome George Pantely and Victor
Menashe Thromboembolic complications after the Fontan procedure George Pantely, Mark Morton and Victor Menashe Late
systemic right ventricular failure in transposition of the great arteries George Pantely and Victor Menashe
SECTION
8: SECONDARY HEART DISEASE
SYSTEMIC DISEASES AND THE HEART 1. Chronic renal disease Nikolaos Kaperonis
and George Bakris 2. Obesity Scott Grundy and Nicola Abate 3. The neurogenic heart Arturo Tamayo and Vladimir
Hachinski 4. Endocrinology and the heart Sylvia Vela 5. Rheumatologic diseases Carlos Roldan 6.
AIDS Catherine Decker, Peter Sklar and Henry Masur 7. Cardiac tumors Colette Guiraudon 8. Hematologic
disease Stuart Hutchison and Patrick Disney 9. Neuromuscular disease Benjamin Sanchez and Ileana Pina CARDIAC
RESPONSES TO PHYSIOLOGIC STRESS 10. Aging and geriatric heart disease Rose Anne Kenny and Colette Seifer 11. Pregnancy
in the heart disease patient Laura Collins and Pamela Douglas 12. Athletes heart Barry Maron 13. Psychological
influences on the heart Kristina Orth-Gomer, Margaret Chesney and Gerdie Weidner CARDIAC RESPONSES TO ENVIRONMENTAL
STRESS 14. Trauma M.L. Myers, A. Cheung and William Sibbald 15. Radiation Jacob Adams, Louis Constine and
Stephen Lipshultz 16. High altitude Stuart Hutchison 17. Alternative cardiovascular medical therapies William
Kostuk CONSULT ISSUES 18. Perioperative evaluation of the cardiac patient Michael Crawford 19. Surgery
and the cardiac patient Dennis Mangano 20. Employment and insurability William Dafoe 21. Anticoagulation
in heart disease Michael Ezekowitz, Abhay Dhond and Pavlo Netrebko 22. Special problems for the cardiology consultant: Cocaine-induced cardiovascular disease Paul Tanser Munchausen's syndrome with cardiac manifestations Paul
Tanser Behavioural modification in cardiac disease with inappropriate disability Paul Tanser Peripheral vascular
disease as a predictor of significant coronary artery disease Paul Tanser Sexual dysfunction in patients with cardiac
disease Paul Tanser Obesity and heart disease Paul Tanser Hypotension during hemodialysis Michael
Crawford