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By
Robert Winslow, University of California, Department of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, U.S.A.
Description
Blood substitutes are solutions designed for use in patients who need blood transfusions, but for whom whole blood is not available, or
is not safe. This interest has intensified in the wake of the AIDS and hepatitis C epidemics. Blood Substitutes describes
the rationale, current approaches, clinical efficacy, and design issues for all blood substitutes now in clinical trials. The many summary
diagrams and tables help make the book accessible to readers such as surgeons and blood bankers, who have less technical expertise than
the biochemists and hematologists who are designing and testing blood substitutes.
Audience
Hematologists, blood bankers, biochemists, and biotechnologists working in the hemoglobin area, as well as surgeons working with blood
Contents
BACKGROUND
Historical Background
Transfusion Medicine
Regulatory Perspectives on Clinical Trials for Oxygen Therapeutics
in Trauma and Transfusion Practice
PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS
Clinical Physiology: Oxygen Transport and the Transfusion Trigger
The Role of Oxygen and Hemoglobin Diffusion in Oxygen Transport by Cell-Free Hemoglobins
Oxygen Transport Properties of Hemoglobin- Based
Oxygen Carriers: Studies Using Artificial Capillaries and Mathematical Stimulation
Mechanisms of O2 Transport in the Microcirculation:
Effects of Cell-Free O2 Carriers
Shear Stress, Mechanotransduction and the Flow Properties of Blood
Local Regulation of Blood Flow
CLINICAL
APPLICATIONS
Clinical Indications for Blood Substitutes and Optimal Properties
Crystalloid Solutions
Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen
Carriers as Resuscitative Solutions for Trauma and Combat Casualty Care
Surgical Hemorrhage
Clinical Trials in Cardiac Surgery
Hemodilution
Clinical Hemodilution
Potential for Blood Substitutes in Tissue Ischemia
TOXICITY AND SIDE EFFECTS
Redox and Radical
Reactions of Hemoglobin Solutions: Toxicities and Protective Strategies
Pro-oxidant Activity of Hemoglobin and Endothelial Cytotoxicity
Renal Toxicity
Hemoglobin and Neurotoxicity
The Role of Inflammation in the Toxicity of Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers
Hemoglobin-Induced
Myocardial Lesions
PERFLUOROCARBON-BASED OXYGEN CARRIERS
Fluorocarbon Emulsions As In Vivo Oxygen Delivery Systems:
Background And Chemistry
Fluosol: The First Commercial Injectable Perfluorocarbon Oxygen Carrier
Perftoran
Rational Development of Oxyfluor?
Oxygent?, a Perfluorochemical-Based Oxygen Therapeutic for Surgical Patients
HEMOGLOBIN-BASED OXYGEN CARRIERS
The Structural
and Functional Properties of Hemoglobin and their Relevance for a Hemoglobin-based Blood Substitute
Hemoglobin Modification
Designing
Recombinant Hemoglobin for Use as a Blood Substitute
Design, Conformational, Functional, and Physiological Characterization of Recombinant
Polymeric Heme-Proteins
aa-Crosslinked Hb
DCLHb and rHb1.1
Studies with DCLHb
Hemopure? [Hboc-201, Hemoglobin Glutamer-250 (Bovine)]:
Preclinical Studies
Hboc-201, [Hemoglobin Glutamer-250 (Bovine), Hemopure?]: Clinical Studies
Polyhemoglobin-Enzymes as New Generation
Blood Substitutes and Oxygen Therapeutics
Surface Decoration of Hemoglobin with Polyethylene Glycol
Hemospan? (MP4), a Human Hemoglobin
Modified with Maleimide-Polyethylene Glycol
Dextran-Hemoglobin
Development of Non-extravasating, Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers
LIPOSOMES
AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Liposome Encapsulated Hemoglobin: History, Preparation, and Evaluation
Hemoglobin-Vesicles as a Molecular
Assembly:Characteristics of Preparation Process and Performances as Artificial Oxygen Carriers
Nanodimension Biodegradable Polymeric
Membrane Artificial Red Blood Cells
Albumin-Heme: A Synthetic Heme-Based Oxygen Carrier
GLOSSARY
INDEX
| Bibliographic details |
Hardbound, 576 pages, publication date: OCT-2005
ISBN-13: 978-0-12-759760-7
ISBN-10: 0-12-759760-3
Imprint: ACADEMIC PRESS
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Last update: 5 Sep 2009
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