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| ICRP PUBLICATION 99 LOW - DOSE EXTRAPOLATION OF RADIATION RELATED CANCER RISK, 99
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By
. International Commission on Radiological Protection
Included in series
International Commission on Radiological Protection, 99
Description
This report considers the evidence relating to cancer risk associated with exposure to low doses of low-LET radiation, and particularly
doses below current recommended limits for protection of radiation workers and the general public. It looks at the possibility of establishing
a universal threshold dose below which there is no risk of radiation-related cancer. The focus is on evidence regarding linearity of
dose response for all cancers considered as a group, but not necessarily individually, at low doses (the so-called linear, no-threshold
(LNT) hypothesis). The report concludes that while existence of a low-dose threshold does not seem unlikely for radiation-related cancers,
it does not favor the existence of a universal threshold. The LNT hypothesis, combined with an uncertain dose and dose rate effectiveness
factor (DDREF) for extrapolation from high doses, remains a prudent basis for radiation protection at low doses and low dose rates.
Contents
ABSTRACT
GUEST EDITORIAL
PREFACE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CONSIDERATION
Introduction
Inferences based on acute doses in the moderate-to-high dose range
Estimation of risk at low doses and low dose rates
Thresholds
vs. the linear, no-threshold theory
Conclusion: Implications for low-dose cancer risk
LOW-DOSE RISK – BIOLOGY
Introduction
Damage caused by radiation
Damage Response Pathways
Fidelity of DSB repair
Impact of defects in DNA repair, checkpoint control
and apoptosis
Conclusions
CELLULAR CONSEQUENCES OF RADIATION-INDUCED DAMAGE
Radiation- induced Chromosome Aberrations
Radiation-Induced Somatic Cell Mutations
Adaptive Response, Genomic Instability and Bystander Effect
Conclusions: Implications
for Risk Assessment
CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION
Mechanisms of radiation-induced cancer
Tissue Modifying Factors
Radiation-induced Cancer in Animals
Life Shortening
Summary
Conclusions: Implications for radiation-related cancer at low
doses
QUANTITATIVE UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS
Overview
Sources of uncertainty
Allowing for the uncertain possibility of a
threshold
Conclusions
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Bibliographic & ordering Information
Paperback, 200 pages, publication date: JUL-2006
ISBN-13: 978-0-08-044958-6
ISBN-10: 0-08-044958-1
Imprint: ELSEVIER
096/967
Last update: 26 Aug 2008
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